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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Universa Medicina JSMARTech : Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Narra J The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology
Maghfirah, Desi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Physics Public Health

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Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Marker of Occult Bleeding in COVID -19 Maghfirah, Desi; Yusuf, Fauzi; Marisa, Marisa; Eljatin, Muhammad Ridho Akbar
International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/ijihs.v13n2.4210

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was initially recognized as a respiratory illness; however, it has been gradually recognized as a disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GI involvement ranges from mild symptoms, such as nausea and diarrhea, to complications like gastrointestinal bleeding. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed as a simple biomarker of inflammation and disease severity in COVID-19.Objective: To describe gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 and examine the association between NLR levels and occult gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 at the New-Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases inpatient unit of Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. COVID-19-positive patients aged ≥18 years with gastrointestinal symptoms were included, excluding those who were pregnant or had pre-existing GI disorders. Data were collected from medical records and patient interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, with p < 0.05 considered significantResults: The most frequent symptoms were appetite loss and nausea (93%), bloating and vomiting (87%), and diarrhea (57%). Occult GI bleeding occurred in seven patients (23.3%) who had significantly higher NLR values than those without bleeding (p = 0.041).Conclusion: The most frequent GI manifestations of COVID-19 are loss of appetite, nausea, bloating, vomiting, and diarrhea, while occult gastrointestinal bleeding occurs in about one-fourth of cases. Elevated NLR levels are associated with occult bleeding, suggesting its potential role as a simple and accessible biomarker of intestinal inflammation and disease severity.
Rational Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among the Early Aging Population: Evidence from a Community Health Center in Indonesia Suryawati, Suryawati; Animalika, Lulu; Narisa, Maghyan; Suardi, Hijra Novia; Aini, Zahratul; Mulia, Vera Dewi; Maghfirah, Desi
Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjset.v4i1.116

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide and are widely used for the management of acid-related disorders, particularly among adults in their early ageing period, where concerns about inappropriate prescribing remain prevalent. This study aimed to evaluate the rational use of PPIs among adults aged ≥46 years at a primary healthcare centre in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This study focuses on the appropriateness of indications, dosages, and durations, as well as potential drug–drug interactions. Dose appropriateness was assessed using Lexicomp standard adult dosing. Duration and appropriateness of indications were assessed according to the Indonesian Gastroenterology Consensus. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, comprising 1,997 records. A sample of 107 patients who met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria was analysed. Most patients were aged 56–65 years and predominantly female, with dyspepsia as the main indication. Omeprazole was prescribed in all cases, commonly at 20 mg twice daily. Nearly half of prescriptions were inappropriate, and appropriate dosing was limited. While treatment duration was generally adequate, some cases were shorter than recommended. Potential drug–drug interactions were identified but were mostly of low clinical significance. Overall, the rational use of PPIs among the patients in this primary healthcare setting remains suboptimal, particularly in terms of indication and dosing. These findings highlight the need to strengthen adherence to clinical guidelines and to implement regular medication reviews to promote safer, more rational PPI use in this population.
Co-Authors Aini, Zahratul Alfi Syahrin, Alfi Animalika, Lulu Azzaki Abubakar, Azzaki Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Darnifayanti, Darnifayanti Dewi Karlina Rusly Edward, Meutia Nailan Eljatin, Muhammad Ridho Akbar Ezigbo, Eyiuche D. Fauzi Yusuf, Fauzi Febriyanti, Sherina Arfi FIRDAUSA, SARAH Gunawan , Andrie Gunawan, Andrie Heltomi, Mirza Hendra Zufry, Hendra Hijra Novia Suardi Ho, Khek Yu Isitua, Chinwe C. Ismida, Fitri Dewi Kurniawan Kurniawan Marisa Marisa Muhammad Yusuf Muhsin Muhsin Mulia, Vera Dewi Narisa, Maghyan Purnomo, Avisena Gatot Riswan, Muhammad Salam, Nurbahri L Sari, Fitrah Subhan Rio Pamungkas, Subhan Rio Suryawati Suryawati