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Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Marker of Occult Bleeding in COVID -19 Maghfirah, Desi; Yusuf, Fauzi; Marisa, Marisa; Eljatin, Muhammad Ridho Akbar
International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/ijihs.v13n2.4210

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was initially recognized as a respiratory illness; however, it has been gradually recognized as a disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GI involvement ranges from mild symptoms, such as nausea and diarrhea, to complications like gastrointestinal bleeding. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed as a simple biomarker of inflammation and disease severity in COVID-19.Objective: To describe gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 and examine the association between NLR levels and occult gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 at the New-Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases inpatient unit of Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. COVID-19-positive patients aged ≥18 years with gastrointestinal symptoms were included, excluding those who were pregnant or had pre-existing GI disorders. Data were collected from medical records and patient interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, with p < 0.05 considered significantResults: The most frequent symptoms were appetite loss and nausea (93%), bloating and vomiting (87%), and diarrhea (57%). Occult GI bleeding occurred in seven patients (23.3%) who had significantly higher NLR values than those without bleeding (p = 0.041).Conclusion: The most frequent GI manifestations of COVID-19 are loss of appetite, nausea, bloating, vomiting, and diarrhea, while occult gastrointestinal bleeding occurs in about one-fourth of cases. Elevated NLR levels are associated with occult bleeding, suggesting its potential role as a simple and accessible biomarker of intestinal inflammation and disease severity.
Rational Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among the Early Aging Population: Evidence from a Community Health Center in Indonesia Suryawati, Suryawati; Animalika, Lulu; Narisa, Maghyan; Suardi, Hijra Novia; Aini, Zahratul; Mulia, Vera Dewi; Maghfirah, Desi
Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjset.v4i1.116

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide and are widely used for the management of acid-related disorders, particularly among adults in their early ageing period, where concerns about inappropriate prescribing remain prevalent. This study aimed to evaluate the rational use of PPIs among adults aged ≥46 years at a primary healthcare centre in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This study focuses on the appropriateness of indications, dosages, and durations, as well as potential drug–drug interactions. Dose appropriateness was assessed using Lexicomp standard adult dosing. Duration and appropriateness of indications were assessed according to the Indonesian Gastroenterology Consensus. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, comprising 1,997 records. A sample of 107 patients who met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria was analysed. Most patients were aged 56–65 years and predominantly female, with dyspepsia as the main indication. Omeprazole was prescribed in all cases, commonly at 20 mg twice daily. Nearly half of prescriptions were inappropriate, and appropriate dosing was limited. While treatment duration was generally adequate, some cases were shorter than recommended. Potential drug–drug interactions were identified but were mostly of low clinical significance. Overall, the rational use of PPIs among the patients in this primary healthcare setting remains suboptimal, particularly in terms of indication and dosing. These findings highlight the need to strengthen adherence to clinical guidelines and to implement regular medication reviews to promote safer, more rational PPI use in this population.
Hubungan Kadar Alpha-Fetoprotein dengan Derajat Keparahan Hepatocellular Carsinoma Ulfa, Kamalya; Maghfirah, Desi; Dewi Mulia, Vera; Hidayat, Rachmat; Rezeki, Soraya
Journal of Medical Science Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Journal of Medical Science
Publisher : LITBANG RSUDZA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55572/jms.v7i1.291

Abstract

Hepatocellular Carsinoma (HCC) merupakan kanker hati primer yang paling sering ditemukan dan menjadi penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di dunia. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) digunakan secara luas sebagai penanda tumor dalam diagnosis dan pemantauan HCC, di mana peningkatan kadar AFP diduga berkorelasi dengan derajat keparahan penyakit berdasarkan sistem klasifikasi Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar AFP dengan derajat keparahan HCC berdasarkan klasifikasi BCLC di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, dengan data diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien HCC yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sebanyak 40 pasien dijadikan sampel dan dibagi berdasarkan stadium BCLC (A–D), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis karena data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi pasien terbanyak terdapat pada stadium BCLC B (37,5%) dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan rentang usia 14–74 tahun. Kadar AFP menunjukkan rentang luas (1,41–1000 ng/mL) dengan nilai yang meningkat seiring bertambahnya derajat BCLC dimana kadar AFP pada stadium A dan B yaitu 1,41-1000 ng/mL dan stadium C dan D yaitu 68,86-1000 ng/mL, serta terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar AFP pada stadium A, B,C,dan D dengan p = 0,01. Penelitian ini menunjuukan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar AFP dengan derajat keparahan HCC, di mana peningkatan kadar AFP pada stadium lanjut mencerminkan aktivitas tumor yang lebih agresif serta gangguan fungsi hati yang lebih berat. Pemeriksaan AFP dapat dijadikan indikator tambahan dalam menilai progresivitas HCC meskipun perlu dikombinasikan dengan penilaian klinis dan radiologis lainnya.