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Real-Time Monitoring of Solar Battery and Lamp Conditions Using Internet of Things Affan Bachri; Arief Budi Laksono; Eko Wahyu Santoso; Achmad Rifqi Adi Firmansyah
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM) Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jeecom.v8i1.16851

Abstract

Solar photovoltaic battery systems require continuous observation to prevent unnoticed voltage decline, abnormal temperature, and lamp failure. This study developed a compact Internet of Things monitoring prototype using an ESP32 microcontroller, an INA219 sensor for voltage, current, and power, an LM35 sensor for battery temperature, and a light-dependent resistor for lamp-state detection. Sensor data were shown locally on a 16x2 liquid-crystal display and transmitted through Wi-Fi to a Blynk dashboard at a five-second update interval. The study applied experimental and engineering research procedures covering hardware design, software integration, component validation, and integrated tests under off, three load, and charging conditions. The INA219 achieved average accuracies of 99.69% for voltage, 99.32% for current, and 99.49% for power, while the LM35 reached 97.08% accuracy. The light sensor correctly separated the tested off condition at 3 lux from lamp-on conditions between 230 and 2100 lux. Across all operating modes, the local display and Blynk presented consistent measurements, and negative current reliably indicated charging. The prototype therefore provides accessible real-time monitoring of battery electrical behavior, temperature, charging direction, and lamp status, although long-term data logging and field-scale validation remain necessary.
Water Level and Solar Panel Power Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things (IoT) Affan Bachri; Abdur Rohman Wakhid; Muhammad Aflah Kafabi
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM) Vol 7, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jeecom.v7i2.16852

Abstract

Water storage management still requires direct supervision in many household and small-scale applications, while a remote monitoring system also needs a reliable energy supply. This study develops an integrated Internet of Things system that measures water level and photovoltaic electrical parameters in real time. The prototype uses an ESP32, a waterproof JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor, two INA219 modules, a 20 Wp solar panel, a PWM solar charge controller, a 12 V battery, ThingSpeak, and a Telegram Bot. Testing covered microcontroller connectivity, distance measurement accuracy, electrical sensing, solar panel output, battery operation, cloud data delivery, and integrated system performance. The JSN-SR04T produced an average reading of 10.16 cm for a 10.00 cm reference, with an average absolute deviation of 0.16 cm. INA219 voltage measurements showed a mean relative error of 2.91% against a multimeter. During integrated testing, the water level remained at 12.0-12.4 cm, solar panel voltage reached 13.44-13.45 V, and panel power reached 4.40-4.41 W. ThingSpeak displayed the measurements continuously, while Telegram delivered synchronized status information. These results show that the proposed system supports remote water-level and energy-source monitoring using an autonomous solar supply.