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Legal and Regulatory Issues Concerning the Concept of Cloud Seeding in Climate Change Mitigation Mukhlish, Mukhlish; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi , Eregbuonye
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January-June, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v4i1.21627

Abstract

Cloud Seeding is a recent scientific discovery on weather modification and alteration that aims to enhance rainfall in addressing drought and climate change issues. However, despite this potent discovery there are several legal issues yet to be addressed in the usage of cloud seeding. Hence, the study examines the legal issue arising from cloud seeding. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study, relying on primary and secondary research material, such as laws, journal articles, internet articles, and other relevant research material. The data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. The study found that cloud seeding is a potential means of curtailing the incidence of drought and desertification caused by climate change arising from harmful industrial and human activities. However, the study also found that several legal issues may arise in utilising cloud seeding, which includes a lack of comprehensive international law regulating cloud Seeding, the inability of the existing laws to address transboundary issues, liability, impose due compliance and sanction of wrong utilising cloud seeding that adversely alter the natural state of the environment. Concerning this the study concludes and recommends that there is a need for a unified global legal framework to ensure the responsible use of cloud seeding and effective regulation.
Legal Issues Concerning Surrogacy in Uganda: Taking a Leap from the United Kingdomd Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Ekpenisi, Collins
Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang Vol 8 No 2 (2025): Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/yur.v8i2.23973

Abstract

The practice of surrogacy in Uganda has several legal issues and implications. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legal issues and implications related to surrogacy in Uganda and make comparisons with the United Kingdom. In this case, the study was conducted using a doctrinal research method, relying on primary and secondary research materials. This study found the following: legislation on surrogacy is still being developed by the Ugandan government, and existing laws do not directly regulate surrogacy, which essentially creates legal loopholes and legal vacuums. In addition, this study found that UK law appears to adequately address issues related to surrogacy. This study concludes and recommends that the Ugandan government needs to accelerate the enactment of legislation on surrogacy to address relevant issues in the future, such as the commodification of women's bodies, parental rights, the best interests of the child, and so on.
Prospects and Legal Challenges Regarding Intellectual Property Rights in Metaverse Operations in Nigeria Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Ibeh, Success; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Kolawale, Adesoji Adebayo
Wacana Hukum Vol 30 No 2 (2024): Article in Press
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Slamet Riyadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33061/wh.v30i2.10728

Abstract

The Metaverse concept is regarded as a virtual reality where the lines between imagination and reality interact and blend with ease. However, the Metaverse concept tends to seem promising not just a digital revolution but an entire universe of immersive encounters. However, despite the relevance and potential, there are challenges and potential conflicts arising from integrating Metaverse technologies with the traditional legal frameworks governing intellectual property in Nigeria. Concerning this, the study examines the rising prominence of the Metaverse and the need for a comprehensive examination of its potential on intellectual property rights in Nigerian legal framework. The study adopts a hybrid method of study, and 348 questionnaires were sent to respondents residing in Nigeria. The results generated were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. Findings reveal the complicated connection between Metaverse technologies and established intellectual property norms. The study also elucidates other challenges, such as virtual property rights and the replication of real-world intellectual property in virtual environments, emphasizing the necessity for adaptive legal frameworks in Nigeria. The study therefore concludes and recommends there is a need for adaptive legal frameworks and formulation of specialized regulations for intellectual property within the Metaverse, and proactive measures to anticipate and address emerging challenges.
Prospect, Legal, and Health Risks in Adopting The Metaverse in Medical Practice: a Case Study of Nigeria Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Abacha, Saminu Wakili; Okpoko, Mercy
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 13 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.13.3.2024.483-522

Abstract

The Metaverse provides a prospective opportunity for medical practitioners to improve patient engagement, training of medical personnel, and simulation-based learning. It allows for immersive telemedicine medical practice, enabling medical practitioners to render medical services to patients in remote areas through realistic virtual consultation and training of medical personnel and students through a lifelike simulation. However, despite the potential of the Metaverse concept in medical practice, certain legal and medical issues could mitigate its usefulness. In this regard, this study adopts a hybrid method of research in ascertaining the prospect, legal, and health risks of utilizing the metaverse in medical practice. 256 questionnaires were distributed, and the result obtained was analysed using descriptive and analytical methods. The study found that there are several potentials for utilizing the metaverse in medical practice. However, there are legal and medical risks in utlising the metaverse in medical practice and they include; patient data privacy, regulation, licensing, patient consenting to virtual medical treatment, and accountability for medical errors in the metaverse. Furthermore, the study also found that spending longer hours in the metaverse could result in sedentary behavior, associated with medical issues like obesity, musculoskeletal disorders, and cardiovascular problems. It was therefore concluded and recommended that the metaverse holds significant promise for the future of medical practice in Nigeria, offering innovative solutions that can transform healthcare delivery and education. However, to avoid legal and medical issues that may occur, there is a need for regulatory compliance with healthcare regulations.
Potential and Legal Challenges of the Metaverse for Environmental Awareness and Sustainability in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis with Singapore Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet
Administrative and Environtmental Law Review Vol 5 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/aelr.v5i1.3230

Abstract

The Metaverse offered a novel and immersive platform where Nigerian users engaged with virtual environments that mirrored the physical world or even transcended its confines, similar to Singapore's adoption in its economy. This digital realm provided a unique opportunity for individuals and organizations to simulate and visualize the environmental consequences of human activities, thereby deepening awareness of ecological issues. Virtual reality simulations and immersive educational experiences empowered users to witness the ramifications of environmental degradation, motivating them to adopt eco-friendly practices in their daily lives. However, the realization of the Metaverse's potential for promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices faced various legal challenges. This research employed a hybrid research approach, combining both doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods, to assess the prospects and legal issues surrounding the use of the Metaverse as a catalyst for environmental awareness and sustainability. A total of 304 questionnaires were distributed to Nigerian respondents, and data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods. The findings revealed that the burgeoning Metaverse had the potential to play a pivotal role in advancing environmental awareness and sustainable practices, contributing to the mitigation of climate change. Nonetheless, several challenges, such as data privacy, security issues, regulatory concerns related to the Metaverse, digital illiteracy, and insufficient funding for incorporating Metaverse technology, might hinder its effective utilization for promoting environmental awareness and sustainability. It was concluded that the Metaverse possessed transformative power to enhance environmental awareness and sustainable practices in Nigeria. Furthermore, drawing insights from Singapore's experiences in the Metaverse highlighted potential lessons and inspiration for Nigeria as it embarked on this journey of environmental awareness and sustainability through immersive digital experiences.
Illegality Of Income Tax Evasion In Edo State: Adopting An Automated Income Tax System As A Panacea Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Nwazi, Joseph; Ugiomo, Eruteya
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (662.309 KB) | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i1.19422

Abstract

In Nigeria, the governments are mandated to collect income tax from companies and individuals respectively. However, in Edo State, it has been observed that taxpayers often tend to evade their tax liability. Although, there are several provisions of the Personal Income Tax Act and judicial pronouncement prohibiting income tax evasion, however, income tax evasion in Edo State seem to be on the increase. It is in this regard, that this study tends to embark on a hybrid method of study concerning the causes of the current increase of income tax evasion in Edo State and proposing an automated income tax as a panacea. In this regard, 304 questionnaires were distributed to respondents resident in Edo State. Descriptive and analytical methods were adopted in analyzing the data obtained. The study, therefore, found that there are several causes of income tax evasion which include; inefficient and ineffective tax administration systems, corruption and inadequate information on the assets and income of the taxpayer. Furthermore, the study also found that the adoption of an automated income tax system could serve as a major solution to rectify the above identified challenges given its relevance and prospect, although, there are some challenges concerning an automated income tax system. It is, therefore, concluded and recommended that for there to be a level playing ground in further curtailing the incidence of income tax evasion in Edo State, there is a need to intensify the automated income tax system in curing some of the defects inherent in the system.
Legal and Socioeconomic Issues Concerning the Nigeria Higher Institution Loan Act 2023 Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Inagbor, Michael; Ogbemudia, Ottah
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v17i1.23143

Abstract

The Nigeria Higher Institution Loan Act of 2023 serves as a pivotal framework for addressing financial accessibility to higher education. The Act's objectives center on providing interest-free loans to students for tuition fees and ensuring access to education for all Nigerians. However, despite the relevance of the Nigeria Higher Institution Loan Act of 2023 in addressing educational financial challenges, there seem to be legal and socioeconomic challenges generated by the said law. It is in this regard that this study adopts a hybrid method of study in examining the legal and socioeconomic issues inherent in the Nigeria Higher Institution Loan Act of 2023. Concerning this, 303 questionnaire were sent to respondents residing in Nigeria. A descriptive and analytical method was adopted in analyzing the result. The study found that the Act focused on ensuring loans reach those with genuine financial needs, but inadvertently excluded certain groups, raising questions of fairness. The requirement of guarantors, each meeting specific qualifications, adds another legal dimension to the Act and raises socioeconomic issues surrounding the accessibility of suitable guarantors. Furthermore, the Act underscores the importance of responsible loan management but also highlights the potential harshness of penalties, especially for economically disadvantaged borrowers. It was therefore concluded and recommended that the Higher Institution Loan Act of Nigeria brings together legal and socioeconomic elements, striving to provide financial accessibility to higher education while maintaining accountability. Evaluating and addressing these complex legal and socioeconomic issues is vital to ensure the Act fulfills its intended purpose of promoting equitable access to education for all Nigerians.
Legal Issues Concerning Compulsory COVID-19 Vaccination: Nigeria as a Case Study Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Mulegi, Tom; Eregbuonye , Obieshi
Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): January - June
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grlspr.v3i2.349

Abstract

It is no news that COVID-19 has rendered severe havoc in the global environment. Although, various medical scientists and scholars were able to find a possible curtailment (Through vaccination) of the deadly COVID-19, however, there seems to be fear of the negative medical outcome of being vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, given several claims of the potential danger. Furthermore, it suffices to state that Nigeria has also had its fair share of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, to curtail the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria, the Nigerian government sorts to make vaccination compulsory, despite the legal and medical rights of its citizens as enshrined in the constitution and judicial precedent. It is in this regard, that this study sort to adopt a hybrid method of study concerning the legal issues of compulsory vaccination in Nigeria. Concerning this, 310 questionnaires were sent to respondents residing in Nigeria. The study therefore found that there were incidences of COVID-19 in Nigeria and there are laws concerning the control of infectious disease in Nigeria. However, the study further found that it is a legal misnomer to compel an individual forcefully against his/her wishes to be vaccinated. Therefore, the study concludes and recommends that for effective vaccination against COVID-19, the Nigerian government needs to avoid forceful vaccination, but rather a wide sensitization concerning the vaccine's potency as against the negative claim concerning the COVID-19 vaccine. 
Filling Members of the Financial Audit Board: Constitutional Review and Legislative Intervention Mutawalli, Muhammad; Masum, Ahmad; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole
Al-'Adl Vol. 17 No. 1 (2024): Al-'Adl
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31332/aladl.v17i1.7707

Abstract

This article aims to at least outline and analyze the main problem, namely related to the development of an independent system for filling the positions of BPK members according to the theory of independence of state institutions reviewed through constitutional interpretation in the Law. This research is qualitative research with normative juridical methods. Research was carried out using a legal approach, a conceptual approach and a philosophical approach to the issues raised. In this paper, the author applies techniques for collecting legal materials or data, through documentation or literature studies which are carried out by reading, reviewing, classifying, identifying and understanding legal materials in the form of regulations and books and literature. which is related to the research object discussed in this paper. The analysis of legal materials used applies qualitative, descriptive and prescriptive methods that are oriented towards answering problem formulations. Apart from that, analysis of legal materials also focuses on the inventory aspect of legal materials in the form of soft files and hard files. Manual inventory is carried out on hardfile legal materials, while digital inventory is carried out on legal materials in softfile form. After the inventory, an analysis process is carried out with reference to the legal issues and discussion formulations raised. The finding in this paper is that there is polarization in filling the positions of BPK members which is far from the principle of independence and also prioritizes the supervisory aspect in filling these positions so that the principle of checks and balances is not implemented within the BPK itself. The polarization of filling the positions of BPK members which seems political has resulted in hidden interests which could actually disrupt the independence of the BPK as a state audit institution. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the BPK institution as a state institution that is in a new space of power known as the inspection space by making changes and additions to concrete and internal regulations in the aspect of filling out BPK members in terms of the theory of state institutional independence
The The Crisis in Red Sea Region: Legal and Socio-Economic Impact on International Commerce Owoche, Antai Godswill; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Mukhlis , Muhammad Mutawalli; Maskun, Maskun; Tajuddin, Muhammad Saleh; Yeyeng, Andi Tentri
Al-Risalah Vol 24 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/alrisalah.v24i2.1597

Abstract

The continued hijack of shipping vessels on the Red Sea by extremists who claim to have declared war against Israel is one of those blowouts that have been caused by the Israel - Hamas conflict. The journey to unencumbered waters and unfettered shipping access itself has led to several agreements between sovereign states towards the maintenance of seamless high-seas traffic. Unfortunately, non-state actors occasionally come on the scene to wreak havoc and destabilize the fragile peace on international waterways. It is in this regard, that this study tends to examine the Red Sea crisis as it affects global shipping maritime transit and economic growth, especially of African countries vis-a-vis the UN Security Council's role of maintaining world peace and security. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study, the data obtained from primary and secondary sources such as laws and academic literature were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. The study therefore found that Rebels are using the pretext of Israel's attacks on Gaza to perpetrate piracy. The Israel - Hamas deadlock has created a deadlocked lose-lose situation for the international community and resulted in new incidents of insecurity within the Red Sea. The study therefore concludes and recommends that the United Nations as the global police especially through the UN Security Council examine all options for securing peace and stability in the Red Sea region as attacks on shipping vessels have global ramifications affecting multiple nationalities and invariably affecting world peace. Keywords: Crisis, Red Sea, Legal, Socio-Economic, International, Commerce.
Co-Authors Abacha, Saminu Wakili Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole Adebowale, Hassan Ismaila Adejumo, Oluwadamilola Adebola Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin Agung Ali Fahmi Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu Akinsulore, Adedoyin Olusegun ansori ansori Antai, Godswill Owoche Aslan, Jamal Asyiqoh, Lin Banki , Lauretta Leslie Budiyanto Budiyanto Damina, Joshua John Edetalehn, Oaihimire Idemudia Ekpenisi, Collins Eregbuonye , Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye, Obieshi Erma Rusdiana Garunja, Evis Hassan, Ismaila Ibeh, Success Ikpotokin, Omobolanle Omolola Ikubanni, Oluwaseye Oluwayomi Imiefoh, Andrew Ikhayere Inagbor, Michael Inagbor, Michael E. Ismaila, Hassan Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale Izevbuwa, Osaretin George Jackson-Ortiz, Raphael D. John, Damina Joshua Kolawale, Adesoji Adebayo Kolawole, Adebayo Adesoji Majekodunmi, Afolabi Toyin Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi Maskun Masum, Ahmad Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin Mukhlis , Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis Mukhlis Mukhlis, Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlish Mukhlish, Mukhlish Mulegi, Tom Mustafa , Mundu Mutawalli, Muhammad Muwaffiq Jufri, Muwaffiq Muwaffiq, Jufri Najjuma, Aisha Nwazi, Joseph Oaihimire, Idemudia Edetalehn Obieshi , Eregbuonye Obieshi, Eregbuonye Ogbemudia, Isaac Ottah Ogbemudia, Ottah Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles Okpoko, Mercy Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame Okuonghae, Nosakhare Omobolanle Omolola Ikpotokin Onwubiko, Kelechi Onwubiko, Kelechi Jude Owoche, Antai Godswill Owuche, Antai Godswill Oyebade, Alade Adeniyi Paidi, Zulhilmi Safi', Safi' Saiful Abdullah Ugiomo, Eruteya Umo, Maria Edet Wakili Abacha, Saminu Yeyeng, Andi Tentri