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A Facile Review On The Protection Of An Invention In Nigeria: Issues And Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi; Edetalehn, Oaihimire Idemudia; Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 12 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.12.2.2023.371-408

Abstract

The development of a nation relies on technological advancements and innovations. It is evident in the progress of countries such as the USA, China, and Russia, which are considered developed nations due to the contributions of their scientists and technicians. In contrast, Nigeria and many other African countries are categorized as developing nations primarily due to the slow pace of innovation. Despite this, the legal process of obtaining protection or a patent for inventions poses a significant challenge for scientists and technicians in Nigeria. In this regard, the study employs a hybrid research method to examine the issues and challenges related to the protection of inventions in Nigeria. A descriptive and analytical approach is used to analyze the data by distributing 253 questionnaires to respondents across various geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The findings reveal a limited number of scientists and technicians involved in technological innovation, and there are obstacles to obtaining patents or protection for inventions in Nigeria. These challenges often deter scientists and technicians from investing more effort in technological innovation. Therefore, it recommended and concluded that, for practical and improved technological innovation in Nigeria, the government should create an enabling environment and review the existing legal framework for obtaining patents over inventions.
The Competence and Authority of Midwives in giving Birth without the assistance of a Doctor in Nigeria Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 6 NO. 1 JANUARY 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v6i1.20822

Abstract

Life per se is not short, but our actions and inaction often result in the shortness of our life. This quote is concerning the fact that in Nigeria and the global standard it is required that during childbirth delivery there should always be a doctor present to avoid complications that may result in the death of the mother or the child. However, in Nigeria, it has been observed that the majority of the childbirth delivery conducted in hospitals or at any other place by local or trained mid-wife are often executed without the involvement or presence of a doctor.  In this regard, is it legally and medically in abeyance to conduct childbirth delivery without the aid of a doctor, given the possible complication that may result in loss of life and damage to the mother and child. It is in this regard that this study tends to adopt a hybrid method of study (involving a doctrinal and non-doctrinal) in ascertaining the legal issues and challenges in curtailing mid-wife involvement in child delivery in the absence of a medical doctor. 307 questionnaires were distributed to respondents, and the data obtained were analyzed by adopting an analytical and descriptive method. The study, therefore, found that there are very high incidences of the mortality rate of a pregnant mother and their baby during delivery by mid-wife and nurses given the absence of a doctor. The study further found that though there are laws and ethical codes that regulate childbirth delivery in Nigeria, however, there are challenges that often mitigate the curtailment of mid-wife or nurses involved in childbirth delivery without the aid of a doctor. We thus concluded and recommended that authorities should establish effective regulations and sanctions for midwives or nurses participating in childbirth deliveries without the presence of a doctor.
Criminal Law Perspectives on Medical Legal Issues in Telemedicine Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Onwubiko, Kelechi
Jurnal Justice Dialectical Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Journal of Justice Dialectical
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Adhyaksa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70720/jjd.v3i2.47

Abstract

Digital technology has transformed healthcare globally, with telemedicine playing a pivotal role in expanding access to medical services in remote and underserved areas. In Nigeria, however, the practice of telemedicine raises complex medico-legal issues that directly intersect with criminal law. This study examines criminal law perspectives on telemedicine in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on medical liability, patient confidentiality, data protection, and accountability for malpractice or negligence. The research employed a quantitative approach, administering 303 questionnaires to respondents across Nigeria and analyzing the data to assess perceptions of telemedicine and its legal implications. The findings indicate, first, that telemedicine holds significant potential to strengthen Nigeria’s healthcare system, but its effectiveness is constrained by serious challenges, including the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework, inadequate protection of patient data, and uncertainty regarding criminal liability for medical errors and breaches of confidentiality. Second, the study underscores the urgent need for Nigeria to establish robust laws, ethical guidelines, and medical regulations that specifically address issues of criminal liability, professional responsibility, and patient protection in telemedicine. The adoption of such frameworks would provide legal certainty, enhance accountability, and foster greater public trust in digital healthcare delivery.
International Legal Framework in Curtailing Hazardous COVID-19 Medical Waste: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Damina, Joshua John
Decova Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Decova Law Journal
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/dlj.v1i1.51

Abstract

At the close of 2019, the global environment was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare across the global environment was overwhelmed with patients suffering from the COVID-19 virus. However, in a bid to respond in curtailing the COVID-19 pandemic through medical equipment, it resulted in unprecedented waste. However, despite there are several global laws that curtail the incidence of waste generation and disposal, most developing countries experience a high level of medical waste from equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In this regard, the study adopts a doctrinal method of investigation to examine the global legal issues and challenges concerning waste emanating from medical equipment in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented medical waste within the global environment, low and middle-income countries suffered more as a dumping ground of medical waste emanating from the equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study also found that there is a legal gaps and weaknesses concerning the international laws curtailing the incidence of waste. Furthermore, the study also found that poor technology in recycling and curtailing COVID-19 medical waste is a major challenge to developing nations during the pandemic. The study concluded and recommended that to ensure a healthy and sustainable environment free from unprecedented waste. There is a need to strengthen National and international laws in curtailing the incidence and indiscriminate dumping of COVID-19 and any medical waste. Furthermore, the study recommends the need for international cooperation in knowledge sharing on sustainable waste management through sophisticated technology.   
From Innovation to Pandora’s Box: Examining the Laws on Public Health Threats Emanating from Cloud Seeding Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Adebowale, Hassan Ismaila; Umo, Maria Edet; Antai, Godswill Owoche
Khazanah Hukum Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): Khazanah Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/kh.v7i3.45356

Abstract

The global community is increasingly concerned about climate change and has explored various scientific methods, including cloud seeding, as temporary mitigation measures. Cloud seeding is a weather modification technique that induces precipitation by injecting clouds with chemical substances such as potassium iodide and silver iodide. While this method appears effective in addressing water scarcity and climate-related challenges, it poses severe threats to public health that have not been adequately addressed through legal frameworks. This study examines the effects of cloud seeding on public health and explores the necessity for legal intervention. The research adopts a qualitative methodology, utilizing content analysis of scientific literature, policy documents, and case studies from both primary and secondary sources. Data were scrutinized through descriptive and analytical methods and presented graphically to illustrate key findings. The study reveals that cloud seeding poses significant public health risks, including water contamination, skin cancer or irritation, respiratory disorders, and ecological imbalances. These health hazards stem from the chemical agents used in the seeding process and their potential accumulation in water sources and ecosystems. Furthermore, the research identifies a critical gap in global public health legislation, as no international laws directly regulate cloud seeding practices concerning public health and safety. The study concludes that while cloud seeding demonstrates potential as a climate change mitigation tool, public health and safety must be prioritized. It recommends establishing a comprehensive global regulatory framework to ensure safe practices, conducting rigorous health impact assessments before implementation, and maintaining public transparency in weather modification initiatives. These measures are essential to balance environmental benefits with the protection of human health and ecological integrity.
LEGAL AND POLICY FORMULATION FOR COMMUNITY POLICING IN CURBING CRIME IN NIGERIA Ekpenisi, Collins; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles; Okpoko, Mercy; Eregbuonye, Obieshi
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 27, No 2: August 2025: Islam and Justice development in Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v27i2.45944

Abstract

Given the rise of community policing, crime prevention and control strategies have become similar across different jurisdictions. However, in Nigeria, effective community policing has yet to be realized due to the absence of a comprehensive legal and policy framework. This study examines the legal and policy mechanisms necessary to institutionalize community policing as a tool for reducing crime in Nigeria, comparing them with best practices from other countries and global standards. It addresses key issues such as an ineffective policing system, mistrust between the police and the public, inadequate legal structures, and inconsistent policy directives. The study proposes a structured legal and policy framework to strengthen community policing and enhance public safety. Employing a doctrinal research approach, the study critically analyzes relevant laws, policies, and international best practices, supplemented by empirical data from selected Nigerian communities. It also offers a comparative evaluation of countries with varying levels of community policing success, drawing valuable insights. The research identifies significant gaps in legal partnerships and coordination, as well as diminished community ownership resulting from distrust and lack of transparency. Consequently, establishing a strong legal and policy foundation is crucial for formalizing and operationalizing community policing in Nigeria. The study recommends enacting a comprehensive Community Policing Act, enhancing stakeholder capacity, and fostering civic engagement to build mutual trust and cooperation between law enforcement agencies and local communities.
Legal Implications of the P5 Veto Power on the Enforcement of ICJ Judgments and its Impact on the Credibility of the UN Security Council Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Ekpenisi, Collins; Obieshi , Eregbuonye
Sinergi International Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/law.v4i1.916

Abstract

The formation of the United Nations and its organs is meant to steer global community affairs. Hence, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), as one of the UN organs, has been positioned to address conflicts between states. Although the enforcement of its judgment depends mainly on the UN Security Council, which has often been constrained by the P5 Veto Power. Hence, this study examines the legal implications and impact of the P5 Veto power in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study by utilising the PRISMA Guide to systematically search, evaluate and assess primary and secondary sources of research materials. Hence, several international laws and case law were relied on. Also, 48 scientific peer-reviewed secondary sources were relied on. Results indicate that enforcement outcomes are shaped less by legal obligation than by P5 political alignment, producing recurrent compliance deficits. The study therefore concludes that the P5 Veto Power generate significant legal impact and consequences in circumventing the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study recommends amending the UN Charter to limit the power of the P5 in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. In the alternative, there should be regional cooperation in recognising and implementing the ICJ Judgement. This research is a breakthrough in the sense that it associates the P5 veto with the systematic obstruction of ICJ judgment enforcement and not with the general UN decision-making. It additionally illustrates the obstruction's impact on the Security Council's credibility in its role as the international justice custodian.
Legal Issues and Challenges in Securing Ugandans' Health Rights in Vaccine Safety Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Ekpenisi, Collins
Legalis : Journal of Law Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/legalis.v4i1.1173

Abstract

Health is widely regarded as a form of wealth and a fundamental human right that governments must protect. In response to global infectious diseases, the international community has increasingly relied on vaccine development as a strategy to mitigate major health threats. However, public concerns such as those raised by Dr. Wahome Ngare’s medical team regarding the safety of certain vaccines highlight the urgent need for strong legal and institutional mechanisms to safeguard public health. Against this backdrop, the study examines Uganda’s legal framework for protecting citizens’ health rights and explores the structural challenges that may hinder the effectiveness of these laws. Using a doctrinal research method, the study draws on primary and secondary legal materials and analyzes them through descriptive and analytical approaches. The findings reveal that unsafe vaccines can pose severe risks to human health. The Ugandan government is legally obligated, under both international and domestic law, to ensure that vaccines circulating within the country are safe and effective. Despite this mandate, several obstacles limit the implementation of health protections, including constitutional barriers to the application of international law, bureaucratic delays in enforcing national regulations, resource constraints, and low public awareness of the health reporting system. The study concludes by reaffirming the need to strengthen the protection of Ugandans’ health rights. It recommends that the government address these challenges by domesticating reliable international legal standards, reducing internal legal bureaucracy, and improving public awareness of health reporting mechanisms. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how Uganda’s legal and institutional structures support public health rights, while identifying gaps, accountability issues, and policy challenges related to vaccine safety and public trust.
Co-Authors Abacha, Saminu Wakili Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole Adebowale, Hassan Ismaila Adejumo, Oluwadamilola Adebola Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin Agung Ali Fahmi Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu Akinsulore, Adedoyin Olusegun ansori ansori Antai, Godswill Owoche Aslan, Jamal Asyiqoh, Lin Banki , Lauretta Leslie Budiyanto Budiyanto Damina, Joshua John Edetalehn, Oaihimire Idemudia Ekpenisi, Collins Eregbuonye , Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye, Obieshi Erma Rusdiana Garunja, Evis Hassan, Ismaila Ibeh, Success Ikpotokin, Omobolanle Omolola Ikubanni, Oluwaseye Oluwayomi Imiefoh, Andrew Ikhayere Inagbor, Michael Inagbor, Michael E. Ismaila, Hassan Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale Izevbuwa, Osaretin George Jackson-Ortiz, Raphael D. John, Damina Joshua Kolawale, Adesoji Adebayo Kolawole, Adebayo Adesoji Majekodunmi, Afolabi Toyin Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi Maskun Masum, Ahmad Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin Mukhlis , Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis Mukhlis Mukhlis, Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlish Mukhlish, Mukhlish Mulegi, Tom Mustafa , Mundu Mutawalli, Muhammad Muwaffiq Jufri, Muwaffiq Muwaffiq, Jufri Najjuma, Aisha Nwazi, Joseph Oaihimire, Idemudia Edetalehn Obieshi , Eregbuonye Obieshi, Eregbuonye Ogbemudia, Isaac Ottah Ogbemudia, Ottah Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles Okpoko, Mercy Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame Okuonghae, Nosakhare Omobolanle Omolola Ikpotokin Onwubiko, Kelechi Onwubiko, Kelechi Jude Owoche, Antai Godswill Owuche, Antai Godswill Oyebade, Alade Adeniyi Paidi, Zulhilmi Safi', Safi' Saiful Abdullah Ugiomo, Eruteya Umo, Maria Edet Wakili Abacha, Saminu Yeyeng, Andi Tentri