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All Journal LAW REFORM Jurnal Legalitas Wacana Hukum Bestuur Yustisia Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies Jurnal Media Hukum Jurnal Asy-Syari'ah Diponegoro Law Review El-Mashlahah Al-'Adl Lex Scientia Law Review Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang Food Science and Technology Journal (Foodscitech) Jambura Law Review Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Al Huquq : Journal of Indonesian Islamic Economic Law JHR (Jurnal Hukum Replik) The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education Lampung Journal of International Law (LaJIL) Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Law Development Journal Sultan Agung Notary Law Review Administrative and Environmental Law Review Jurnal Konstitusi Hang Tuah Law Journal Legal Protection for the Partnership Agreement Parties Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Trunojoyo Law Review Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia Lex Publica Journal of Sustainable Development and Regulatory Issues Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review (GRLSPR) Sinergi International Journal of Law FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Legalis : Journal of Law Review Justice Dialectical Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law "Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development " Decova Law Journal Business and Human Rights Law and Policy Contrarius
Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen
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The Competence and Authority of Midwives in giving Birth without the assistance of a Doctor in Nigeria Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole
Jambura Law Review VOLUME 6 NO. 1 JANUARY 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v6i1.20822

Abstract

Life per se is not short, but our actions and inaction often result in the shortness of our life. This quote is concerning the fact that in Nigeria and the global standard it is required that during childbirth delivery there should always be a doctor present to avoid complications that may result in the death of the mother or the child. However, in Nigeria, it has been observed that the majority of the childbirth delivery conducted in hospitals or at any other place by local or trained mid-wife are often executed without the involvement or presence of a doctor.  In this regard, is it legally and medically in abeyance to conduct childbirth delivery without the aid of a doctor, given the possible complication that may result in loss of life and damage to the mother and child. It is in this regard that this study tends to adopt a hybrid method of study (involving a doctrinal and non-doctrinal) in ascertaining the legal issues and challenges in curtailing mid-wife involvement in child delivery in the absence of a medical doctor. 307 questionnaires were distributed to respondents, and the data obtained were analyzed by adopting an analytical and descriptive method. The study, therefore, found that there are very high incidences of the mortality rate of a pregnant mother and their baby during delivery by mid-wife and nurses given the absence of a doctor. The study further found that though there are laws and ethical codes that regulate childbirth delivery in Nigeria, however, there are challenges that often mitigate the curtailment of mid-wife or nurses involved in childbirth delivery without the aid of a doctor. We thus concluded and recommended that authorities should establish effective regulations and sanctions for midwives or nurses participating in childbirth deliveries without the presence of a doctor.
Criminal Law Perspectives on Medical Legal Issues in Telemedicine Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Onwubiko, Kelechi
Jurnal Justice Dialectical Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Journal of Justice Dialectical
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Adhyaksa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70720/jjd.v3i2.47

Abstract

Digital technology has transformed healthcare globally, with telemedicine playing a pivotal role in expanding access to medical services in remote and underserved areas. In Nigeria, however, the practice of telemedicine raises complex medico-legal issues that directly intersect with criminal law. This study examines criminal law perspectives on telemedicine in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on medical liability, patient confidentiality, data protection, and accountability for malpractice or negligence. The research employed a quantitative approach, administering 303 questionnaires to respondents across Nigeria and analyzing the data to assess perceptions of telemedicine and its legal implications. The findings indicate, first, that telemedicine holds significant potential to strengthen Nigeria’s healthcare system, but its effectiveness is constrained by serious challenges, including the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework, inadequate protection of patient data, and uncertainty regarding criminal liability for medical errors and breaches of confidentiality. Second, the study underscores the urgent need for Nigeria to establish robust laws, ethical guidelines, and medical regulations that specifically address issues of criminal liability, professional responsibility, and patient protection in telemedicine. The adoption of such frameworks would provide legal certainty, enhance accountability, and foster greater public trust in digital healthcare delivery.
International Legal Framework in Curtailing Hazardous COVID-19 Medical Waste: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Damina, Joshua John
Decova Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Decova Law Journal
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/dlj.v1i1.51

Abstract

At the close of 2019, the global environment was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare across the global environment was overwhelmed with patients suffering from the COVID-19 virus. However, in a bid to respond in curtailing the COVID-19 pandemic through medical equipment, it resulted in unprecedented waste. However, despite there are several global laws that curtail the incidence of waste generation and disposal, most developing countries experience a high level of medical waste from equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In this regard, the study adopts a doctrinal method of investigation to examine the global legal issues and challenges concerning waste emanating from medical equipment in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented medical waste within the global environment, low and middle-income countries suffered more as a dumping ground of medical waste emanating from the equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study also found that there is a legal gaps and weaknesses concerning the international laws curtailing the incidence of waste. Furthermore, the study also found that poor technology in recycling and curtailing COVID-19 medical waste is a major challenge to developing nations during the pandemic. The study concluded and recommended that to ensure a healthy and sustainable environment free from unprecedented waste. There is a need to strengthen National and international laws in curtailing the incidence and indiscriminate dumping of COVID-19 and any medical waste. Furthermore, the study recommends the need for international cooperation in knowledge sharing on sustainable waste management through sophisticated technology.   
LEGAL AND POLICY FORMULATION FOR COMMUNITY POLICING IN CURBING CRIME IN NIGERIA Ekpenisi, Collins; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles; Okpoko, Mercy; Eregbuonye, Obieshi
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 27, No 2: August 2025: Islam and Justice development in Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v27i2.45944

Abstract

Given the rise of community policing, crime prevention and control strategies have become similar across different jurisdictions. However, in Nigeria, effective community policing has yet to be realized due to the absence of a comprehensive legal and policy framework. This study examines the legal and policy mechanisms necessary to institutionalize community policing as a tool for reducing crime in Nigeria, comparing them with best practices from other countries and global standards. It addresses key issues such as an ineffective policing system, mistrust between the police and the public, inadequate legal structures, and inconsistent policy directives. The study proposes a structured legal and policy framework to strengthen community policing and enhance public safety. Employing a doctrinal research approach, the study critically analyzes relevant laws, policies, and international best practices, supplemented by empirical data from selected Nigerian communities. It also offers a comparative evaluation of countries with varying levels of community policing success, drawing valuable insights. The research identifies significant gaps in legal partnerships and coordination, as well as diminished community ownership resulting from distrust and lack of transparency. Consequently, establishing a strong legal and policy foundation is crucial for formalizing and operationalizing community policing in Nigeria. The study recommends enacting a comprehensive Community Policing Act, enhancing stakeholder capacity, and fostering civic engagement to build mutual trust and cooperation between law enforcement agencies and local communities.
Legal Implications of the P5 Veto Power on the Enforcement of ICJ Judgments and its Impact on the Credibility of the UN Security Council Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Ekpenisi, Collins; Obieshi , Eregbuonye
Sinergi International Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/law.v4i1.916

Abstract

The formation of the United Nations and its organs is meant to steer global community affairs. Hence, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), as one of the UN organs, has been positioned to address conflicts between states. Although the enforcement of its judgment depends mainly on the UN Security Council, which has often been constrained by the P5 Veto Power. Hence, this study examines the legal implications and impact of the P5 Veto power in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study by utilising the PRISMA Guide to systematically search, evaluate and assess primary and secondary sources of research materials. Hence, several international laws and case law were relied on. Also, 48 scientific peer-reviewed secondary sources were relied on. Results indicate that enforcement outcomes are shaped less by legal obligation than by P5 political alignment, producing recurrent compliance deficits. The study therefore concludes that the P5 Veto Power generate significant legal impact and consequences in circumventing the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study recommends amending the UN Charter to limit the power of the P5 in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. In the alternative, there should be regional cooperation in recognising and implementing the ICJ Judgement. This research is a breakthrough in the sense that it associates the P5 veto with the systematic obstruction of ICJ judgment enforcement and not with the general UN decision-making. It additionally illustrates the obstruction's impact on the Security Council's credibility in its role as the international justice custodian.
Legal Issues and Challenges in Securing Ugandans' Health Rights in Vaccine Safety Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Ekpenisi, Collins
Legalis : Journal of Law Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/legalis.v4i1.1173

Abstract

Health is widely regarded as a form of wealth and a fundamental human right that governments must protect. In response to global infectious diseases, the international community has increasingly relied on vaccine development as a strategy to mitigate major health threats. However, public concerns such as those raised by Dr. Wahome Ngare’s medical team regarding the safety of certain vaccines highlight the urgent need for strong legal and institutional mechanisms to safeguard public health. Against this backdrop, the study examines Uganda’s legal framework for protecting citizens’ health rights and explores the structural challenges that may hinder the effectiveness of these laws. Using a doctrinal research method, the study draws on primary and secondary legal materials and analyzes them through descriptive and analytical approaches. The findings reveal that unsafe vaccines can pose severe risks to human health. The Ugandan government is legally obligated, under both international and domestic law, to ensure that vaccines circulating within the country are safe and effective. Despite this mandate, several obstacles limit the implementation of health protections, including constitutional barriers to the application of international law, bureaucratic delays in enforcing national regulations, resource constraints, and low public awareness of the health reporting system. The study concludes by reaffirming the need to strengthen the protection of Ugandans’ health rights. It recommends that the government address these challenges by domesticating reliable international legal standards, reducing internal legal bureaucracy, and improving public awareness of health reporting mechanisms. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how Uganda’s legal and institutional structures support public health rights, while identifying gaps, accountability issues, and policy challenges related to vaccine safety and public trust.
Legal and Public Health Governance for Sustainable Integration of Mobile Health (mHealth) Technologies in East Africa Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Mugabe, George Mulingi; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Jufri, Muwaffig; Mustafa , Mundu M.; Ekpenisi, Collins; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Okpoko, Mercy; Kelechi, Uzoho; Alammari, Khalid Saleh Y
Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/biste.v8i1.14943

Abstract

Mobile health (mHealth), which comprises mobile health applications, telemedicine, SMS-based treatments, and wearable health monitors, has the power to change healthcare delivery, but at the same-time, it is going through a rapid developmental phase that regulators cannot keep up with. This is considered a necessity in balancing the Integration of mHealth technology innovation through enhanced laws within East Africa. It is in view of this that this examines the legal and public health framework in integrating mHealth technology in enhancing the healthcare system within East Africa. The study adopts a doctrinal and systematic analytical method of study directed by the PRISMA framework, allowing thorough legal analysis while at the same time guaranteeing a transparent, stringent, and comprehensive review of related literature. The study found that fragmentation of laws, lack of centralized public health and data governance, unequal access to mHealth services, and constraints on innovation, weakens the integration and regulation of mHealth. Hence, the study recommends and concludes that for effective integration of mHealth in enhancing the public health care system, the research insists on a unified legal system that states unambiguously which data protection benchmarks apply, what the liability conditions are, what the integration of different systems and regulations requirements is, and how to coordinate among different countries' regulators. Besides that, it suggests measures for strengthening the capacity of the targeted groups, such as: medical professionals, trainees, users’ digital literacy campaigns, and local mHealth technology developers’ institutions’ support.
Maqashid Sharia Approaches in Pension Fund Programs: Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Taspen Comparison M. Iqbal; Pamuji; Sari, Ajeng Permata; Fernandho; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v27i2.45295

Abstract

Pension funds function as instruments for long-term welfare protection; however, their development in Indonesia remains constrained by low financial literacy, limited public participation, and governance and fiscal sustainability issues, including investment irregularities in state pension institutions. In line with rising demand for sharia-compliant financial instruments, the Maqashid Sharia framework emphasizes welfare (maslahah), accountability, and risk mitigation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of pension fund programs at Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Taspen through a Maqashid Sharia lens, by examining governance structures, investment mechanisms, and the alignment of programs with welfare objectives and system sustainability. This qualitative case study relies on secondary data, including corporate profiles, portfolios, participant statistics, and financial reports of Taspen and DPLK Syariah Muamalat. The findings indicate that Taspen’s defined benefit, pay-as-you-go scheme provides benefit certainty for civil servants and their heirs, thereby fulfilling individual-level maslahah (hifz al-nafs, hifz al-nasl). However, from a macro-Maqashid perspective, it imposes a heavy fiscal burden on the state budget, undermines hifz al-mal at the state level, and exposes the state to governance and investment risks. Conversely, DPLK Syariah Muamalat program, grounded in sharia principles, supervised by a Sharia Supervisory Board, and operated under a defined contribution scheme with selectable investment packages, is more closely aligned with Maqashid Sharia (hifz al-din, al-mal, al-nafs, al-nasl, al-‘aql), although its outreach remains limited. The study recommends gradual reform toward a fully funded model based on business-to-business partnerships and sharia-compliant investment instruments as an alternative pension design that is more equitable, sustainable, and consistent with Maqashid Sharia.
Legal Challenges Limiting Women’s Rights to Research Scholarship: A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria, Uganda and Indonesia Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Kelechi Jude Onwubiko; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Kelechi, Uzoho; Obieshi Eregbuonye
Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/jicl.v2i3.200

Abstract

It suffices to state that women are key stakeholders in meaningful development and sustainable growth. Concerning this, in education, women possess the capacity and potential to conduct scholarship research, teach, inspire, and mentor students. However, certain factors limit women’s academic rights in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia, thereby negatively affecting scholarship and research. Hence, the study adopts a doctrinal approach, and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and analytical methods. The study found that women in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia play crucial roles in sustainable education through research, scholarly teaching, nurturing, and mentoring. The study further found that several factors often limit women’s rights to quality education and research scholarship. Some of these factors include limited resources, an ineffective legal framework in championing the cause of women, most especially in Nigeria, cultural and social norms that tend to subject women to domestic housework, and a lack of an academic institutional support system. The study therefore concludes and recommends that to curtail these challenges, women’s rights to academic freedom in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia. There is a need to reform tertiary institutional policies to support women's academic career development. Provide sufficient funding for women in academic, training, and mentorship programs. This study aims to address significant legal and systemic barriers to women's participation in academia in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia. The contribution of this study is a regulatory model designed to promote the fulfilment of women's rights in research and scholarship.
Legal Framework in Advancing Women’s Rights in Business Operations in Uganda: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Ekpenisi, Collins; Ismaila, Hassan Adebowale; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Uzohoor, Kelechi
Business and Human Rights Law & Policy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Business and Human Rights Law & Policy - February
Publisher : Center for Law and Responsible Business Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66441/bhrlp.v2i1.30

Abstract

In Uganda, women are considered key Stakeholders such as entrepreneurship, providing employment and leadership roles in corporate practice in small and large-scale businesses. However, despite their roles and laws that seem to protect them, there are systemic barriers that may mitigate women's rights in business operations. It is in this regard; this study examines the legal framework and issues in securing women's rights in business operations in Uganda. The study adopts a doctrinal method relying primary and secondary research materials. The data obtained was systematically and analytically analysed. The study found that in Uganda, the laws concerning the protection of women's rights in business operations are sufficient, but systemic challenges, such as Uganda's constitutional limitation on global laws, global laws seem to be ineffective in ensuring state compliance, and also require state parties such as Uganda to ensure that, within their administrative and legislation enforcement, women’s protection. Furthermore, enforcement is also constrained by several systemic and socio-cultural challenges, such as patriarchal idealism and cultural limitations on women’s leadership or decision-making. Furthermore, the low legal awareness of women’s rights and low compliance in the private sector in complying with the law often stand as a barrier. Hence, the study concludes and recommends that Uganda needs to strengthen and improve its domestic legal provisions by explicitly embedding international instruments into national law and having independent monitoring mechanisms with the authority to ensure compliance. Furthermore, wide awareness and sensitisation on women’s rights in business operations.
Co-Authors Abacha, Saminu Wakili Abdullah, Saiful Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole Adebowale, Hassan Ismaila Adejumo, Oluwadamilola Adebola Adeyemi-Balogun, Molola Janet Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin Agung Ali Fahmi Agung Iriantoro Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu Akinsulore, Adedoyin Olusegun Alammari, Khalid Saleh Y ansori ansori Antai , Godswill Owoche Antai, Godswill Owoche Aslan, Jamal Asyiqoh, Lin Atim, Amos Godfrey Banki , Lauretta Leslie Budiyanto Budiyanto Damina, Joshua John Edetalehn, Oaihimire Idemudia Ekpa, Shedrack Ekpemisi, Collins Ekpenisi, Collins Eregbuonye , Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye, Obi Eregbuonye, Obieshi Fernandho G. Gunawan Galchynsky, Leonid Juryi Garunja, Evis Hassan, Ismaila I Ketut Sukewati Lanang Putra Perbawa Ibeh, Success Ikpotokin, Omobolanle Omolola Ikubanni, Oluwaseye Oluwayomi Imiefoh, Andrew Ikhayere Inagbor, Michael Inagbor, Michael E. Inagbor, Micheal Ismaila, Hassan Ismaila, Hassan Adebowale Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale Izevbuwa, Osaretin George Jackson-Ortiz, Raphael D. John, Damina Joshua Jufri, Muwaffig Kelechi Jude Onwubiko Kelechi, Uzoho Kolawale, Adesoji Adebayo Kolawole, Adebayo Adesoji M. Iqbal Majekodunmi, Afolabi Toyin Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi Maskun Masum, Ahmad Mugabe, George Mulingi Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin Mukhlis , Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis Mukhlis Mukhlis, Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlish Mukhlish, Mukhlish Mulegi, Tom Mustafa , Mundu Mustafa , Mundu M. Mutawalli, Muhammad Muwaffiq Jufri, Muwaffiq Muwaffiq, Jufri Najjuma, Aisha Novilawati, Rizka Nwazi, Joseph Oaihimire, Idemudia Edetalehn Obieshi , Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi, Eregbuonye Ogbemudia, Isaac Ottah Ogbemudia, Ottah Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles Okpoko, Mercy Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame Okuonghae, Nosakhare Omobolanle Omolola Ikpotokin Onwubiko, Kelechi Onwubiko, Kelechi Jude Owoche, Antai Godswill Owuche, Antai Godswill Oyebade, Alade Adeniyi Paidi, Zulhilmi PAMUJI Safi', Safi' Saiful Abdullah Sari, Ajeng Permata Siswahyudianto Siti Nurhasanah Ugiomo, Eruteya Ukhurebor, Kingsley Eghonghon Umo, Maria Edet Uzohoor, Kelechi Wakili Abacha, Saminu Wakili, Saminu Abacha Yeyeng, Andi Tentri