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All Journal LAW REFORM Jurnal Legalitas Wacana Hukum Yustisia Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies Arena Hukum Jurnal Media Hukum Diponegoro Law Review El-Mashlahah Al-'Adl Lex Scientia Law Review Yurispruden Food Science and Technology Journal (Foodscitech) Jambura Law Review Al Huquq : Journal of Indonesian Islamic Economic Law JHR (Jurnal Hukum Replik) The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education Prophetic Law Review Law Development Journal Sultan Agung Notary Law Review Administrative and Environmental Law Review Jurnal Konstitusi Hang Tuah Law Journal Legal Protection for the Partnership Agreement Parties Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Trunojoyo Law Review Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia Journal of Sustainable Development and Regulatory Issues Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review (GRLSPR) Sinergi International Journal of Law FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Justice Dialectical Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law "Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development " Decova Law Journal Business and Human Rights Law and Policy
Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Criminal Law Perspectives on Medical Legal Issues in Telemedicine Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Onwubiko, Kelechi
Jurnal Justice Dialectical Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Journal of Justice Dialectical
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Adhyaksa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70720/jjd.v3i2.47

Abstract

Digital technology has transformed healthcare globally, with telemedicine playing a pivotal role in expanding access to medical services in remote and underserved areas. In Nigeria, however, the practice of telemedicine raises complex medico-legal issues that directly intersect with criminal law. This study examines criminal law perspectives on telemedicine in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on medical liability, patient confidentiality, data protection, and accountability for malpractice or negligence. The research employed a quantitative approach, administering 303 questionnaires to respondents across Nigeria and analyzing the data to assess perceptions of telemedicine and its legal implications. The findings indicate, first, that telemedicine holds significant potential to strengthen Nigeria’s healthcare system, but its effectiveness is constrained by serious challenges, including the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework, inadequate protection of patient data, and uncertainty regarding criminal liability for medical errors and breaches of confidentiality. Second, the study underscores the urgent need for Nigeria to establish robust laws, ethical guidelines, and medical regulations that specifically address issues of criminal liability, professional responsibility, and patient protection in telemedicine. The adoption of such frameworks would provide legal certainty, enhance accountability, and foster greater public trust in digital healthcare delivery.
International Legal Framework in Curtailing Hazardous COVID-19 Medical Waste: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Damina, Joshua John
Decova Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Decova Law Journal
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/dlj.v1i1.51

Abstract

At the close of 2019, the global environment was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare across the global environment was overwhelmed with patients suffering from the COVID-19 virus. However, in a bid to respond in curtailing the COVID-19 pandemic through medical equipment, it resulted in unprecedented waste. However, despite there are several global laws that curtail the incidence of waste generation and disposal, most developing countries experience a high level of medical waste from equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In this regard, the study adopts a doctrinal method of investigation to examine the global legal issues and challenges concerning waste emanating from medical equipment in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented medical waste within the global environment, low and middle-income countries suffered more as a dumping ground of medical waste emanating from the equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study also found that there is a legal gaps and weaknesses concerning the international laws curtailing the incidence of waste. Furthermore, the study also found that poor technology in recycling and curtailing COVID-19 medical waste is a major challenge to developing nations during the pandemic. The study concluded and recommended that to ensure a healthy and sustainable environment free from unprecedented waste. There is a need to strengthen National and international laws in curtailing the incidence and indiscriminate dumping of COVID-19 and any medical waste. Furthermore, the study recommends the need for international cooperation in knowledge sharing on sustainable waste management through sophisticated technology.   
LEGAL AND POLICY FORMULATION FOR COMMUNITY POLICING IN CURBING CRIME IN NIGERIA Ekpenisi, Collins; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles; Okpoko, Mercy; Eregbuonye, Obieshi
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 27, No 2: August 2025: Islam and Justice development in Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v27i2.45944

Abstract

Given the rise of community policing, crime prevention and control strategies have become similar across different jurisdictions. However, in Nigeria, effective community policing has yet to be realized due to the absence of a comprehensive legal and policy framework. This study examines the legal and policy mechanisms necessary to institutionalize community policing as a tool for reducing crime in Nigeria, comparing them with best practices from other countries and global standards. It addresses key issues such as an ineffective policing system, mistrust between the police and the public, inadequate legal structures, and inconsistent policy directives. The study proposes a structured legal and policy framework to strengthen community policing and enhance public safety. Employing a doctrinal research approach, the study critically analyzes relevant laws, policies, and international best practices, supplemented by empirical data from selected Nigerian communities. It also offers a comparative evaluation of countries with varying levels of community policing success, drawing valuable insights. The research identifies significant gaps in legal partnerships and coordination, as well as diminished community ownership resulting from distrust and lack of transparency. Consequently, establishing a strong legal and policy foundation is crucial for formalizing and operationalizing community policing in Nigeria. The study recommends enacting a comprehensive Community Policing Act, enhancing stakeholder capacity, and fostering civic engagement to build mutual trust and cooperation between law enforcement agencies and local communities.
Legal Implications of the P5 Veto Power on the Enforcement of ICJ Judgments and its Impact on the Credibility of the UN Security Council Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Ekpenisi, Collins; Obieshi , Eregbuonye
Sinergi International Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/law.v4i1.916

Abstract

The formation of the United Nations and its organs is meant to steer global community affairs. Hence, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), as one of the UN organs, has been positioned to address conflicts between states. Although the enforcement of its judgment depends mainly on the UN Security Council, which has often been constrained by the P5 Veto Power. Hence, this study examines the legal implications and impact of the P5 Veto power in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study by utilising the PRISMA Guide to systematically search, evaluate and assess primary and secondary sources of research materials. Hence, several international laws and case law were relied on. Also, 48 scientific peer-reviewed secondary sources were relied on. Results indicate that enforcement outcomes are shaped less by legal obligation than by P5 political alignment, producing recurrent compliance deficits. The study therefore concludes that the P5 Veto Power generate significant legal impact and consequences in circumventing the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. The study recommends amending the UN Charter to limit the power of the P5 in the enforcement of the ICJ Judgement. In the alternative, there should be regional cooperation in recognising and implementing the ICJ Judgement. This research is a breakthrough in the sense that it associates the P5 veto with the systematic obstruction of ICJ judgment enforcement and not with the general UN decision-making. It additionally illustrates the obstruction's impact on the Security Council's credibility in its role as the international justice custodian.
Legal Challenges Limiting Women’s Rights to Research Scholarship: A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria, Uganda and Indonesia Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Kelechi Jude Onwubiko; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Kelechi, Uzoho; Obieshi Eregbuonye
Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Indonesian Constitutional Law
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/jicl.v2i3.200

Abstract

It suffices to state that women are key stakeholders in meaningful development and sustainable growth. Concerning this, in education, women possess the capacity and potential to conduct scholarship research, teach, inspire, and mentor students. However, certain factors limit women’s academic rights in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia, thereby negatively affecting scholarship and research. Hence, the study adopts a doctrinal approach, and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and analytical methods. The study found that women in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia play crucial roles in sustainable education through research, scholarly teaching, nurturing, and mentoring. The study further found that several factors often limit women’s rights to quality education and research scholarship. Some of these factors include limited resources, an ineffective legal framework in championing the cause of women, most especially in Nigeria, cultural and social norms that tend to subject women to domestic housework, and a lack of an academic institutional support system. The study therefore concludes and recommends that to curtail these challenges, women’s rights to academic freedom in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia. There is a need to reform tertiary institutional policies to support women's academic career development. Provide sufficient funding for women in academic, training, and mentorship programs. This study aims to address significant legal and systemic barriers to women's participation in academia in Nigeria, Uganda, and Indonesia. The contribution of this study is a regulatory model designed to promote the fulfilment of women's rights in research and scholarship.
Legal Framework in Advancing Women’s Rights in Business Operations in Uganda: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Ekpenisi, Collins; Ismaila, Hassan Adebowale; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Uzohoor, Kelechi
Business and Human Rights Law & Policy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Business and Human Rights Law & Policy - February
Publisher : Center for Law and Responsible Business Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66441/bhrlp.v2i1.30

Abstract

In Uganda, women are considered key Stakeholders such as entrepreneurship, providing employment and leadership roles in corporate practice in small and large-scale businesses. However, despite their roles and laws that seem to protect them, there are systemic barriers that may mitigate women's rights in business operations. It is in this regard; this study examines the legal framework and issues in securing women's rights in business operations in Uganda. The study adopts a doctrinal method relying primary and secondary research materials. The data obtained was systematically and analytically analysed. The study found that in Uganda, the laws concerning the protection of women's rights in business operations are sufficient, but systemic challenges, such as Uganda's constitutional limitation on global laws, global laws seem to be ineffective in ensuring state compliance, and also require state parties such as Uganda to ensure that, within their administrative and legislation enforcement, women’s protection. Furthermore, enforcement is also constrained by several systemic and socio-cultural challenges, such as patriarchal idealism and cultural limitations on women’s leadership or decision-making. Furthermore, the low legal awareness of women’s rights and low compliance in the private sector in complying with the law often stand as a barrier. Hence, the study concludes and recommends that Uganda needs to strengthen and improve its domestic legal provisions by explicitly embedding international instruments into national law and having independent monitoring mechanisms with the authority to ensure compliance. Furthermore, wide awareness and sensitisation on women’s rights in business operations.
Legal and Ethical Regulation on Childcare Digital Health System in Nigeria and Uganda: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Nurhasanah, Siti; Kasmawati, Kasmawati; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Ekpemisi, Collins; Atim, Amos Godfrey
TRUNOJOYO LAW REVIEW Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/tlr.v8i1.32980

Abstract

The implementation of digital technologies in the healthcare system for children has a lesser but still noticeable effect on the health systems of Nigeria and Uganda. Digital tools such as electronic pediatric health records, tele-pediatric, m-health apps, and data-driven diagnostic platforms have been implemented. However, children's vulnerability in the digital healthcare domain has been significantly increased by the new technologies. The research scrutinizes the current insufficient and disorganised legal and ethical systems that control child digital healthcare in Nigeria and Uganda. The research employs a doctrine-based method, utilising the PRISMA Guide to systematically identify, screen, and analyse relevant laws, policies, and academic literature on children's rights. The results indicate that both countries have generic health and data protection laws that can be applied to digital health in general, but regulations and ethical standards (such as consent, data privacy, cybersecurity, parental authority, and professional liability) specific to children remain underdeveloped and poorly enforced, specifically in Nigeria. The study makes the case for child-friendly digital health legislation, clear consent standards, rigorous institutional oversight, and regional collaboration to ensure children's rights and welfare in digital healthcare systems.
Breaking Legal and Socio-economic Challenges to Plastic Waste Regulation in Nigeria: Lessons learned from Singapore Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Adeyemi-Balogun, Molola Janet; Wakili, Saminu Abacha
Yustisia Vol 13, No 1: April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v13i1.78388

Abstract

Plastic, a versatile material derived from synthetic compounds, is widely employed globally due to its durability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of production. However, its improper disposal poses significant environmental threats. Despite concerted efforts, the indiscriminate dumping of plastic waste persists in the country's land and water environments. This study aims to comprehensively explore the legal guidelines and socio-economic initiatives relevant to plastic waste regulation, drawing inspiration from Singapore's successful model. Three hundred and ten questionnaires were also distributed among residents of Nigeria to achieve this objective. The data collected underwent thorough analysis, employing both descriptive and analytical methods. In this context, Singapore stands out as an exemplary model for Nigeria to emulate in addressing the challenges posed by plastic waste. Drawing inspiration from Singapore's successful strategies, It is imperative to meticulously regulate every stage, from production to disposal, to ensure environmental sustainability and minimize the detrimental impact of plastic pollution. The study found the need for more legislative measures in Nigeria to combat the pervasive problem of indiscriminate plastic waste disposal effectively. Also, The government should establish irresponsible plastic waste disposal's environmental and health risks and dumping of plastic waste.
The Potential Legal Issues, and Challenges of Utilising Geoengineering in Climate Change Mitigation Mukhlish, Mukhlish; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Mustafa , Mundu M.; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu
Prophetic Law Review Vol. 8 No. 1 June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/PLR.vol8.iss1.art6

Abstract

Geoengineering is considered a potential scientific technique involving carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management, aimed at manipulating Earth's climate to mitigate the effects of global climate change. However, despite the potential of geoengineering, there are several legal, environmental, socio-economic, and ethical issues associated with its reliance. Concerning this, the aim is to evaluate geoengineering as an option for mitigating climate change while critiquing legal deficiencies and proposing policy measures for its regulation. Hence, the study adopts a doctrinal method, relying on primary and secondary research materials such as international law, scholarly articles by learned authors, and other relevant sources. A descriptive and analytical style was adopted in analysing the data obtained from the research sources. The findings reveal that the scientific concept of geoengineering is quite promising in mitigating the impacts of climate change through carbon emissions and the management of solar radiation. However, there seems to be a lack of clear legal regulation, leading to a lack of oversight of geoengineering activities, uncertainty about liability for environmental harm, and cross-border issues. Furthermore, developing countries may also face the challenges of adapting to new scientific concepts, given the technical and scientific skills involved, and the inability to fund the geoengineering project. The study agrees that geoengineering has the potential to curtail climate change but concludes that its legal, ethical, and socio-economic challenges should be addressed by the international community through an effective legal framework and the provision of financial aid to developing countries to ensure the responsible application of geoengineering in climate change mitigation.
Global Legal Issues Concerning Patentability of Phage-Based Therapeutics Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Hassan, Adebowale; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame
Arena Hukum Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum2026.01901.5

Abstract

Phage-based therapeutics offer a promising solution to the growing global threat of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, the patentability of these biologics faces significant legal problems due to varying international standards and the challenge of distinguishing naturally occurring phages from patentable inventions. This legal uncertainty hampers innovation, investment, and the global development of phage therapies. This study therefore examines global laws regarding the patentability of phage-based therapeutics and the existing legal gap. The doctrinal approach, which is widely used, relies heavily on primary and secondary materials. The research analysis found that phage-based therapeutics are considered an invention for biomedical use as an alternative to antibiotic-resistant diseases; however, there are inconsistencies in how jurisdictions treat phage patent applications. In this regard, the international laws that ought to harmonise and close this loophole seem inadequate. Furthermore, the study observes that existing international laws do not specifically address phage-based therapeutic inventions. Also, the criteria for obtaining a patent under international law seem complex, as member states are the final decision-making bodies for granting patents, including for phage-based therapeutic inventions. The study, therefore, concludes that establishing clear legal frameworks and harmonising international standards would require a great deal of time to achieve phage protection while also pursuing public health goals. This will, in turn, result in regulatory support that would ensure finding a fine balance between obtaining a patent and therapeutic accessibility.
Co-Authors Abacha, Saminu Wakili Adebayo, Adesoji Kolawole Adebowale, Hassan Ismaila Adejumo, Oluwadamilola Adebola Adeyemi-Balogun, Molola Janet Adeyemi-Balogun, Omolola Janet Afolabi, Majekodunmi Toyin Agung Ali Fahmi Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu Akinsulore, Adedoyin Olusegun Antai, Godswill Owoche Aslan, Jamal Asyiqoh, Lin Atim, Amos Godfrey Banki , Lauretta Leslie Budiyanto Budiyanto Damina, Joshua John Edetalehn, Oaihimire Idemudia Ekpemisi, Collins Ekpenisi, Collins Eregbuonye , Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye, Obieshi G. Gunawan Garunja, Evis Hassan, Adebowale Hassan, Ismaila Ibeh, Success Ikpotokin, Omobolanle Omolola Ikubanni, Oluwaseye Oluwayomi Imiefoh, Andrew Ikhayere Inagbor, Michael Inagbor, Michael E. Ismaila, Hassan Ismaila, Hassan Adebowale Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale Izevbuwa, Osaretin George Jackson-Ortiz, Raphael D. John, Damina Joshua Kelechi Jude Onwubiko Kelechi, Uzoho Kolawale, Adesoji Adebayo Kolawole, Adebayo Adesoji Majekodunmi, Afolabi Toyin Majekodunmi, Toyin Afolabi Maskun Masum, Ahmad Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin Mukhlis , Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis Mukhlis Mukhlis, Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlish Mukhlish, Mukhlish Mulegi, Tom Mustafa , Mundu Mustafa , Mundu M. Mutawalli, Muhammad Muwaffiq Jufri, Muwaffiq Muwaffiq, Jufri Najjuma, Aisha Nwazi, Joseph Oaihimire, Idemudia Edetalehn Obieshi , Eregbuonye Obieshi Eregbuonye Obieshi, Eregbuonye Ogbemudia, Isaac Ottah Ogbemudia, Ottah Okonji, Ifesinachi Charles Okpoko, Mercy Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame Okuonghae, Nosakhare Omobolanle Omolola Ikpotokin Onwubiko, Kelechi Onwubiko, Kelechi Jude Owoche, Antai Godswill Owuche, Antai Godswill Oyebade, Alade Adeniyi Paidi, Zulhilmi Safi', Safi' Saiful Abdullah Siswahyudianto Siti Nurhasanah Ugiomo, Eruteya Umo, Maria Edet Uzohoor, Kelechi Wakili Abacha, Saminu Wakili, Saminu Abacha Yeyeng, Andi Tentri