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All Journal Narra J
Amin, Mustafa M.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) as a marker of coronary lesion severity in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients Andra, Cut A.; Rambe, Aldy S.; Hasan, Refli; Sembiring, Rosita; Firman, Doni; Eyanoer, Putri C.; Mukhtar, Zulfikri; Sungkar, Taufik; Rusda, Muhammad; Amin, Mustafa M.
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.409

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a significant global health concern with considerable high morbidity and mortality and its development is influenced by various genetic and environmental factors. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a vital regulator of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) metabolism, directly impacting serum cholesterol levels. However, its role in development of CAD is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the level of PCSK9 and coronary lesion severity in patients with CAD. A case-control study using consecutive sampling was conducted among CAD patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital and Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. A total of 200 CAD patients were divided into two groups based on the SYNTAX score: control (score ≤22, n=100) and case (score >22, n=100). Plasma PCSK9 levels were measured from venous blood using quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The Chi-squared test was used to analyze the data. Our data suggested that PCSK9 level was associated with coronary lesion severity (p<0.001) of which high PCSK9 level was associated with severe coronary lesion. We also found that hypertension (p<0.001), smoking (p=0.072), diabetes (p<0.001), dyslipidemia (p<0.001), obesity (p=0.023), and family history (p=0.001) were associated with lesion severity. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the cut-off 70.35 ng/mL of PCSK9 had sensitivity 75% and specificity 78% to predict severe coronary lesion. This study highlights that PCSK9 level has moderate sensitivity and specificity to predict the coronary lesion severity among CAD patients.
Anti-dandruff effects of butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea)-based shampoo: A pretest-posttest control study Assegaf, Tengku SDIS.; Jusuf, Nelva K.; Pane, Yunita S.; Rusda, Muhammad; Darmani, Endang H.; Amin, Mustafa M.; Lubis, Ramona DS.; Bachtiar, Adang
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.876

Abstract

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) may serve as an alternative anti-dandruff treatment; however, its effects on Malassezia spp. remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of C. ternatea as an herbal-based anti-dandruff treatment on Malassezia spp. DNA expression, plakoglobin levels, IL-8 levels, sebum levels, dandruff severity scores, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction. An experimental study with a pretest-posttest control design was conducted at Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, Arifin Achmad Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, from November 2023 to January 2024. The flower of C. ternatea was used to formulate the shampoo. The study involved 70 female patients aged 18–25 with dandruff, who were divided into two groups: (a) experimental group using 20% C. ternatea shampoo; and (b) control group using 2% ketoconazole shampoo. The present study found that 2% ketoconazole shampoo significantly reduced Malassezia spp. DNA expression compared to 20% C. ternatea shampooo (Clitoria ternatea: ΔCq=1.76±3.18; ketoconazole: ΔCq=3.77±2.90; p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in plakoglobin levels (C. ternatea: ΔCq=1.98±3.63; ketoconazole: ΔCq=2.50±2.36; p=0.427) or IL-8 levels (C. ternatea: ΔCq=3.46±4.00; ketoconazole: ΔCq=4.16 ± 3.62; p=0.459). C. ternatea significantly reduced sebum levels more than ketoconazole (C. ternatea: 1.16±0.98%; ketoconazole: 0.22±0.38%; p<0.001). Dandruff scores and patient satisfaction were similar for both shampoos (p=0.115 and p=0.336, respectively). Adverse effects were more common in the 2% ketoconazole shampoo group, affecting 21.2% of the patients. In conclusion, 2% ketoconazole shampoo is more effective in reducing Malassezia spp. DNA expression, while 20% C. ternatea shampoo offers better sebum control. Both shampoos are similarly effective in ameliorating dandruff severity and are well-tolerated, with fewer adverse effects reported for C. ternatea.
Mesenchymal stem cells for immune modulation in systemic lupus erythematosus: From bench research to clinical applications Ginting, Andi R.; Munir, Delfitri; Amin, Mustafa M.; Darlan, Dewi M.; Putra, Agung; Rusda, Muhammad; Mutiara, Erna; Mayasari, Evita; Rozi, Muhammad F.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.994

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prevalent autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems. Disease progression is inevitable as part of its natural course, necessitating aggressive therapeutic strategies, particularly with the use of immunosuppressants. Long-term use of steroids and other immunosuppressants is associated with significant adverse effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to modulate the immune response, leading to immunosuppressive effects against self-antigens. MSCs have demonstrated the ability to modulate several immune cell populations, contributing to favorable outcomes in controlling immune and inflammatory conditions. Recent evidence has shown an increase in Treg and Breg cell subsets following MSC administration, along with modulation of other immune cells, including dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells. However, the balance between MSC pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypic activation remains a critical factor in determining therapeutic outcomes. Various covariates also influence the efficacy of MSC therapy. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the utilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in SLE treatment, leveraging their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive capabilities. Understanding the fundamental preclinical effects of MSCs and recent findings from clinical studies may enhance the potential of MSC therapy in the management of SLE patients.
Neuroprotective and inflammatory biomarkers in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy: Interplay between GDNF, IL-1β and vitamin D 25-OH Saing, Johannes H.; Sari, Dina K.; Supriatmo, Supriatmo; Fithrie, Aida; Rusda, Muhammad; Amin, Mustafa M.; Pratama, Muhammad A.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1581

Abstract

Drug-resistant epilepsy in pediatric patients is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Vitamin D 25-OH exerts neuroprotective effects, while glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are implicated in the mechanisms of neuroinflammation and epileptogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D 25-OH, IL-1β, and GDNF levels with seizure severity and frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, among children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Vitamin D 25-OH, IL-1β and GDNF levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epilepsy severity was assessed using the Hague Seizure Severity Scale (HASS), while seizure frequency was assessed using the Global Assessment of Severity of Epilepsy (GASE). The present study identified a significant correlation between GDNF levels and epilepsy severity, as measured by the HASS score (r=0.318; p=0.006). However, no significant correlation was observed between vitamin D 25-OH or IL-1β levels and epilepsy severity or seizure frequency (p>0.05). IL-1β levels correlated significantly with GDNF levels (r=0.525; p=0.001), but IL-1β did not directly correlate with seizure frequency or epilepsy severity. In conclusion, GDNF levels significantly correlated with epilepsy severity, suggesting that GDNF may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing epilepsy severity. However, further studies investigating the role of GDNF as a potential neurotrophic factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy and its possible application as a therapeutic target are important.
Probiotics-derived butyric acid may suppress systemic inflammation in a murine model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Pradana, Andika; Sari, Dina K.; Rusda, Muhammad; Tarigan, Amira P.; Wiyono, Wiwien H.; Soeroso, Noni N.; Eyanoer, Putri C.; Amin, Mustafa M.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1332

Abstract

Systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes to multimorbidity and a diminished quality of life. Probiotics, through the gut-lung axis, have shown potential to mitigate systemic inflammation; however, their specific role in COPD-related inflammation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels by enhancing butyric acid production in a murine model of COPD. An in vivo experimental study with a post-test-only control group design was conducted using 30 C57BL/6 mice randomized into five groups: non-COPD healthy control, untreated COPD, COPD treated with bronchodilator, COPD treated with probiotics, and COPD treated with a combination of bronchodilator and probiotics. COPD was induced by six weeks of cigarette smoke exposure, followed by six weeks of treatment while continuing the smoke exposure. Caecal butyric acid and serum IL-6 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gas chromatography, respectively. Caecal butyric acid levels were lowest in untreated COPD mice (1.2±0.28 mmol/L) and significantly increased with probiotic administration (6.6±4.43 mmol/L, p=0.010), exceeding levels observed in healthy controls (3.9±2.05 mmol/L). Serum IL-6 levels were highest in COPD-induced mice (19.4±6.71 pg/mL) and significantly reduced with administration of probiotics (13.5±0.43 pg/mL, p=0.035), approaching levels of healthy controls (13.0±2.24 pg/mL, p=0.847). A negative correlation was observed between butyric acid and serum IL-6 levels (r=-0.420; p=0.021), suggesting that higher butyric acid levels were associated with reduced systemic inflammation. These findings demonstrated that probiotics, via their metabolite butyric acid, effectively reduced systemic inflammation in a COPD mouse model, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic approach for managing COPD-related inflammation.
Therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in regulating p63, claudin, and periostin in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: An animal model study Ulfa, Loriana; Munir, Delfitri; Rambe, Andrina YM.; Farhat, Farhat; Wardani, Retno S.; Amin, Mustafa M.; Zahara, Devira; Ardinata, Dedi
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1728

Abstract

High recurrence rate and the necessity for repeated surgical interventions contribute to the chronicity and treatment-resistant nature of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Thymoquinone, known for its protective effects on epithelial integrity, has not been previously explored in CRSwNP. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone to restore epithelial integrity by assessing p63 transcription factor and claudin protein expressions, as well as periostin mRNA expression in an animal model. An in vivo study using post-test-only control group design was conducted in which male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups, each consisting of 10 animals: healthy group, CRSwNP group, and thymoquinone-treated group for three weeks. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the p63 and claudin protein expressions, while periostin mRNA expression was quantified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This study found that thymoquinone significantly reduced p63 transcription factor expression compared to the untreated CRSwNP group (p=0.009). Claudin protein expression was significantly higher in thymoquinone-treated group compared to CRSwNP group (p=0.007), indicating improved epithelial barrier function. Periostin mRNA expression showed no significant difference between healthy and thymoquinone-treated groups (p=0.564), but a significant decrease was observed in CRSwNP group compared to thymoquinone-treated group (p=0.000) and between the healthy and CRSwNP groups (p=0.002), suggesting attenuation of tissue remodeling and inflammation. In conclusion, thymoquinone could enhance sinonasal epithelial barrier integrity in CRSwNP by downregulating p63 transcription factor, upregulating claudin protein expression, and reducing periostin mRNA expression. These findings emphasize the potential of thymoquinone as a therapeutic agent to mitigate inflammation and tissue remodeling in CRSwNP, warranting further investigation as a novel treatment option.
Co-Authors Adang Bachtiar Agung Putra Andika Pradana Andra, Cut A. Ardinata, Dedi - Assegaf, Tengku SDIS. Darlan, Dewi M. Darmani, Endang H. Delfitri Munir Doni Firman Erna Mutiara Evita Mayasari Eyanoer, Putri C. Farhat, Farhat Fithrie, Aida Ginting, Andi R. Hasan, Refli Johannes H. Saing, Johannes H. Jusuf, Nelva K. Lubis, Ramona DS. Mukhtar, Zulfikri Pane, Yunita S. Pratama, Muhammad A. Rambe, Aldy S. Rambe, Andrina YM. Rozi, Muhammad F. Rusda, Muhammad Sari, Dina K. Sembiring, Rosita Soeroso, Noni N. Supriatmo Supriatmo, Supriatmo Tarigan, Amira P. Taufik Sungkar, Taufik Ulfa, Loriana Wardani, Retno S. Wiwien H. Wiyono Zahara, Devira