Articles
<![CDATA[Combined Effect of Physical and Psychological Stress Exposure during Pregnancy on the Expression of Caspase-3 Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus musculus ]]>
<![CDATA[Binta Dwi Novitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16751
<![CDATA[Background: Prenatal stress affects fetal development including brain development. When a stressor isfelt, the brain as the main target for stress will release a hormone that stimulates the release of pro-apoptoticproteins and activate caspase-3 which acts as an executioner caspase in the cell death process. The aim of thestudy was to analyze the effect of combined stress during pregnancy on the expression of caspase-3 cerebrumand cerebellum of newborn Mus musculus. Methods: An experimental study using 24 pregnant mice (Musmusculus). Subjects were randomized into four groups, consisting of physical stress exposure group (forcedswimming) (G1), psychological stress exposure group (noise) (G2), combination stress exposure group(forced swimming + noise) (G3), and control group (G4). Stress exposure was given on 6th-15th days ofpregnancy. From each mother, three Newborn of Mus musculus were taken to make preparations from braintissue. Immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess caspase-3 expression. Results: Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellumin the physical stress exposure group is 5.70 ± 0.99 and 5.80 ± 1.35, the psychological stress exposure groupis 7.23 ± 1.39 and 7.40 ± 1.24, the combined stress exposure group is 8.67 ± 1.09 and 9.30 ± 1.12, and thecontrol group 4.17 ± 1.18 and 3.90 ± 1.06. ANOVAs statistical test results show significant differencesamong groups with a value of p = 0.000 in the cerebrum and p = 0.000 in the cerebellum. Conclusion:Exposure to physical and psychological stress during pregnancy increases the expression of caspase-3 in thecerebrum and cerebellum of newborn mice.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Murotal Sound Stimulation during Pregnancy on the Number of Neuron Cells of Cerebrum and Cerebellum of the Newborn Rattus norvegicus ]]>
<![CDATA[Ayu Putri Yani]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16809
<![CDATA[Background: The human development index (HDI) illustrates how superior human resources are. Thestimulation of Murotal during growth and development has been shown to increase cell growth in plants.The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of the differences againts the number of neuron cell’s in thecerebrum and cerebellum Rattus norvegicus offspring between those who received Al-quran Murottal surahAr-Rahman stimulation, Qori and Qoriah sounds voice in pregnancy day of 6th. Methods: An Experimentalstudy using 30 pregnant (Rattus norvegicus). Subjects were randomized into three groups, control group(Q1), voice of Qori group (Q2), and voice of Qoriah group (Q3). sound stimulation was given on 6th-17thdays of pregnancy. From each mother, two Newborn of Rattus norvegicus were taken to make preparationsfrom brain tissue. Eosin Hematocycline was performed to assess number of neuron cells. Results : Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the number neuron cells cerebrum and cerebellum inthe control group is 9.88 ± 1.71 and 21.10 ± 2.11, the voice qori group is 10.16 ± 1.01 and 22.46 ± 1.71,and the voice qoriah group 11.12 ± 1.52 and 22.50 ± 1.76. ANOVAs statistical test results show there isno significant differences among groups with a value of p = 0.152 in the cerebrum and p=0.183 in thecerebellum. Conclusion : Murotal sound stimulation during pregnancy increased the number of neuron cellsin the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn rats.]]>
<![CDATA[Combined Effect of Physical and Psychological Stress Exposure during Pregnancy on the Expression of Caspase-3 Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus Musculus ]]>
<![CDATA[Binta Dwi Novitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16817
<![CDATA[Background: Prenatal stress affects fetal development including brain development. When a stressor isfelt, the brain as the main target for stress will release a hormone that stimulates the release of pro-apoptoticproteins and activate caspase-3 which acts as an executioner caspase in the cell death process. The aim of thestudy was to analyze the effect of combined stress during pregnancy on the expression of caspase-3 cerebrumand cerebellum of newborn Mus musculus. Methods: An experimental study using 24 pregnant mice (Musmusculus). Subjects were randomized into four groups, consisting of physical stress exposure group (forcedswimming) (G1), psychological stress exposure group (noise) (G2), combination stress exposure group(forced swimming + noise) (G3), and control group (G4). Stress exposure was given on 6th-15th days ofpregnancy. From each mother, three Newborn of Mus musculus were taken to make preparations from braintissue. Immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess caspase-3 expression. Results: Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellumin the physical stress exposure group is 5.70 ± 0.99 and 5.80 ± 1.35, the psychological stress exposure groupis 7.23 ± 1.39 and 7.40 ± 1.24, the combined stress exposure group is 8.67 ± 1.09 and 9.30 ± 1.12, and thecontrol group 4.17 ± 1.18 and 3.90 ± 1.06. ANOVAs statistical test results show significant differencesamong groups with a value of p = 0.000 in the cerebrum and p = 0.000 in the cerebellum. Conclusion:Exposure to physical and psychological stress during pregnancy increases the expression of caspase-3 in thecerebrum and cerebellum of newborn mice.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Exposure Qari and Qariah Recitation During Pregnancy to the Number of Astrocyte Glia Cells in the Cerebrum Newborn Rattus Norvegicus ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Nurdi Puspita Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16840
<![CDATA[The quality of human resources should be prepared since in early stage. Pregnancy is one of a significantperiod which can take advantage to by providing proper nutrition and adequate stimulation. For instance,sound and music, the most harmonious combination and easily accepted by the fetus(1). Experimentalanalytic type with post-test only control group design was employed on 30 pregnant Rattus norvegicus whichwere divided randomly into 3 groups, namely the control group, qari group, and qariah group. Each of thegroups had stimulation starting 6th to 17th days of pregnancy for 60 minutes. At 18 days of pregnancy, themother of Rattus Norvegicus was sacrificed and bring forth with Sectio Caesarea (SC). As a result, thenumber of astrocyte glia cells in the cerebrum was higher in the qaria recitation stimulation group (22.62 ±3.75), compared with the group that was listened to qari recitation stimulation group (19.84 ± 2.48), whilethe control group (16.54 ± 2.78). A significant difference found in the number of astrocyte glia cells inthe Cerebrum Rattus norvegiccus newborn that were listened to the qari and qariah recitation stimulationgroup and the control group. The highest number of Glia cells is obtained from the stimulation of qariahrecitation.]]>
<![CDATA[Qari (Male Voice) Increases Higher Expression of Synapsin 1 than Qariah (Female Voice) in the Cerebrum Newborn Rattus Norvegicus ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Laila Faizah]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17002
<![CDATA[Introduction: Pregnancy is the golden period to prepare children for the future. Stimulation is neededduring pregnancy, one of which is brain stimulation. This can be done with Al Qur’an Murrotal SurahAr-Rahman stimulation. This study aims to analyze expression of synapsin 1 in the cerebrum of newbornRattus norvegicus when given murrotal Surah Ar-Rahman stimulation by qari, qariah, and not given anystimulation during pregnancy.Methods: Experimental with post-test only control group design. Sampling in this study was consideredhomogeneous because it met the inclusion criteria. The samples obtained were distributed randomly to eachexperimental group and randomized into 3 groups, including control group, group stimulated by qari, andgroup stimulated by qariah. The treatment was given on the 6th day of pregnancy for 1 hour in a soundproofroom with an intensity of 65 dB.Results: The highest mean expression of synapsin 1 in the cerebrum is qari group (6.96 ± 2.59), then qariahgroup (5.84 ± 2.90), and the lowest is control group (5.74 ± 2.32). There is no significant difference inexpression of synapsin 1 in the cerebrum between control and qari groups (p = 0.306), control and qariahgroups (p = 0.932), qari and qariah groups (p = 0.347).Conclusion: The highest expression of Synapsin 1 in the cerebrum of newborn Rattus norvegicus is thegroup stimulated by qari.]]>
<![CDATA[Stimulation of Male Voice during Pregnancy Results in Higher Expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Cerebellum of Newborn Rattus norvegicus ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurvy Alief Aidillah]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17011
<![CDATA[Background: Recent studies in the field of Fertomaternal Medicine show that stimulation in the uteruscan support brain growth and development. If in previous studies stimulation using several types of music,this study uses human voice which aims to analyze the effect of stimulation of male and female voices ondifferences in the expression of Brain Derived Neutrotrophic Factor (BDNF) in cerebellum of newbornRattus norvegicus. Methods: This type of research is true experimental with post test only control groupdesign. Rattus norvegicus was given stimulation of men voice and women voice on 6th day until 17th dayof pregnancy. The expression of BDNF was examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: The mean ±standard deviation of the expression of BDNF in the cerebellum is 4.20 ± 1.75 (without stimulation), 6.04± 1.58 (male voice stimulation), and 5.60 ± 2.43 (female voice stimulation). The results of statistical testsshow that there is a significant difference on BDNF expression between the control group and the groupstimulated with male voice with a significance value <0.05 of 0.045 Conclusion: Giving stimulation usingthe male voice during pregnancy shows a significant increase in the expression of BDNF in cerebellum ofnewborn Rattus norvegicus.]]>
<![CDATA[Physical and Psychological Stressor Exposure during Pregnancy Impacts the Expression of Synapsin and Neuronal Cells Number of MUS Musculus Offspring ]]>
<![CDATA[Diana Estu Rumahastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17482
<![CDATA[Introduction: Stress during gestation can lead to inappropriate fetal brain development, especiallypsychological stress. Psychological stress play pivotal role in offsprings’ brain development.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to physical andpsychological stress during pregnancy on the cerebrum in mice offspring.Method: This study was an analytical experiment study with the subject were 24 female mice Musmusculus. The sample were divided into treatment and control group. Treatment groups divided intothree conditions, 1 group was given physical stress, 1 group with psychological stress, and 1 groupwas given combination of physical and psychological stress intervention. The data were analyzed withANOVA test then followed by LSD to find the differences between all groups.Results: The ANNOVA test results showed significant differences of the expression of synapsin withp = 0.0000. The number of neuronal cells also represented significant differences with p = 0.000 on thecerebrum.Conclusion: Stress exposure during pregnancy can induce bad impacts in brain development, especiallythe expression of synapsin and the number of neuronal cells on the cerebrum in mice offspring.]]>
<![CDATA[Steeping Tin Leaves (Ficus carica) Improves Sperm Quality of Male Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed to Lead Acetate ]]>
<![CDATA[Emi Kusumawardani]]>;
<![CDATA[Budi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>;
<![CDATA[Hari Basuki Notobroto]]>;
<![CDATA[Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17490
<![CDATA[Introduction: Lead can induce lipid oxidation in cell membrans, thus forming free radicals. The process of imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants will disrupt the normal function of cells, causing cell death and decreased sperm quality. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explain the mechanism of steeping tin leaves (Ficus carica) increase sperm quality in male mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate. Methods: This type of research was true experimental design with posttest only control group design with the number of replications of 10 male mice, the experimental unit will be distributed proportionally to 5 groups. Steeping tin leaves will be given with a dose of Pb + Tin Leaf 1.664 mg (P1) and Pb + Tin Leaf 3.328 mg (P2), while for lead acetate dose 0.5 mg and quercetin dose 0.7 mg. The analyzed variables included spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa morphology, and spermatozoa concentration. Data analysis was conducted including the Shapiro-Wilks normality test, and the homogeneity test used the Levene test. If the data were not homogeneous, the group average test would use the Brown-Forsythe test, then continued with a different test for each group using the Post Hoc Games-Howell test. If the Levene test data were homogeneous, the group average test would use Oneway Anova. Findings: The results showed that giving of steeping tin leaves with a dose of Pb + Tin leaves 3.328 mg (P2) is able to increase spermatozoa motility and spermatozoa morphology. Conclusion: The steeping tin leaves increase sperm quality]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Adiponectin Recombinant in Rattus Norvegicus with Polycystic Ovarium Syndrome Model on Anti-Müellerian Hormone Expression ]]>
<![CDATA[Joseph Chandra Relmasira]]>;
<![CDATA[Jimmy Yanur Annas]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17570
<![CDATA[Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an important disease that causes various healthproblems in women. Ovulation - infertility disorders are found in 60-85% woman with PCOS. Anti-Muellerian Hormone (AMH), a protein from Transforming Growth-b Family, often increased in patientwith PCOS and associated with severity and poor prognosis for assisted reproductive outcome. Dietaryand lifestyle changes are the first-line therapies but consistent application of this method is difficult toattain for people with PCOS. Adiponectin, a product by adipose cells have a significant reduction inobese and women with PCOS. The purpose of this study was to see the differences in AMH expressionbetween mice with polycystic ovary model treated with adiponectin recombinant and mice withpolycystic ovary model treated with placebo and control.Method: This research is an experimental study with a Post Test Only Control Group design. Thesample of this study was 3 months female Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain weighing 110-120 g. Thesample size was 36, which were divided into three groups, K0 (control group of mice with polycysticovary model), K1 (group of mice with polycystic ovary model that received placebo injection), and K2(group of mice with polycystic ovary model that received 5 μg/ml injection of recombinant adiponectin).Polycystic ovary model made by injecting 10 mg/Kg body weight testosterone propionate for 14 days.The injection is carried out at the proestrous stage. The three groups of mice in a period of 3 weeks aftertreatment, were surgically removed according to the sampling procedure, then the ovaries were given acode and immunohistochemical staining was performed to see the AMH expression in the ovaries. Thedata were collected, then statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Akt Expression in the Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus musculus Exposed to Physical Stress and Psychological Stress During Pregnancy ]]>
<![CDATA[Herlina Puji Angesti]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermanto Tri Joewono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widjiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.18064
<![CDATA[Introduction: Prenatal stress prevalence is almost half of the population of pregnant women worldwide.Stress will stimulate glucocorticoids which can disrupt the PI3K-Akt cascade. PI3K-Akt deficiency willcause impaired fetal brain growth and development.Objective: To compare the Akt expression in the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Mus musculusexposed to physical stress, psychological stress, the combination of psychological and physical stress, andwithout stress exposure. Method: This study was experimental laboratory research. Twenty-four female mice were used as samplesand divided into four groups: physical stress exposure group, psychological stress exposure group, thecombination of psychological and physical stress exposure group, and control group. Akt expression wastested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Statistical analysis used the One Way Anova and KruskalWallis test.]]>
