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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Amerta Nutrition Jurnal Abdi Insani Prosiding Konferensi Nasional PKM-CSR Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Djamaludin, Heder
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Journal : Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

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Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking of Compounds from Avicennia marina Leaves Extracts: Obtained by Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Kartikaningsih, Hartati; Djamaludin, Heder; Audina, Nanda; Fauziyah, Jihan Nur
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.92444

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of using natural deep eutectic solvent in extracting compounds from young and old leaves of Avicennia marina on the antibacterial activity through in vitro and in silico. The research method used was experimental with different molar ratios of solvent components: citric acid and glucose (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 v/v). In vitro, the paper-disk method was employed to assess percent inhibition, and in silico, peptide deformylase (ID 6JFQ) was the target of the investigation. The best treatment results for testing the antibacterial activity of A. marina leaves extracts that were extracted using natural deep eutectic solvent against S. aureus and E. coli was citric acid and glucose (molar ratio 4:1). The inhibition zone by old leaves extracts was 27.47 and 37.73 mm, and by young leaves extracts were 28.69 and 30.99 mm. Then, phytochemical compound analysis was done using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and six phytochemical compounds were obtained. The docking results showed that the diosmetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide has the best binding affinity (−9.4 kcal/mol) towards the peptide deformylase. Purification must be done to obtain pure compounds from crude extracts of A. marina leaves.
Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Various Cysteine-Proteases' Impact on Spirulina Protein Hydrolysate Djamaludin, Heder; Inayatussakinah, Inayatussakinah; Kusdiyarlistio, Andhika Alfanda; Armanda, Zidan; Dwijayanti, Dinia Rizqi; Maharsih, Inggit Kresna; Palupi, Kartika Dyah; Ferdian, Pamungkas Rizki; Elfirta, Rizki Rabeca; Notonegoro, Hartoyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.103465

Abstract

Spirulina is a type of microalgae that contains many useful compounds having antioxidant properties. It has low biological activity and limited protein content when used in dry form. Proteins can be broken down through a hydrolysis reaction to increase their bioactivity, producing smaller peptides and free amino acids. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two cysteine-protease enzymes, bromelain and papain, on the hydrolysis of Spirulina protein. The research examined how these enzymes affect the degree of hydrolysis, protein content, molecular weight, and antioxidant activity of the resulting protein hydrolysate. A non-factorial, completely randomized design was used with three replicates per treatment. The results showed that the type of enzyme used significantly influenced all measured parameters. Bromelain was found to be more effective than papain. Spirulina protein hydrolyzed with bromelain had 32.15 ± 0.74% protein, 48.51 ± 0.94% hydrolysis, a density of 0.786 mg/mL, and 29.64 ± 0.82 ppm antioxidant activity. It also contained 18 types of amino acids, totaling 14.41 g/kg. The most efficient of physical extraction methods—particularly the combination of freeze-thaw and ultrasonication—for obtaining high-yield, high-quality protein from Spirulina. Further purification is needed to obtain the smallest peptide.
Co-Authors Akmal Djamaan Anies Chamidah Armanda, Zidan Asep Awaludin Prihanto Audina, Nanda Bambang Budi Sasmito Dewi Sinta Wati Dian Handayani Dinia Rizqi Dwijayanti Dwi Sulistiyati, Titik Eddy Suprayitno Elfirta, Rizki Rabeca Fauziyah, Jihan Nur Ferdian, Pamungkas Rizki Hardoko Hardoko Hardoko, Mr. Inayatussakinah, Inayatussakinah Kartika Dyah Palupi Kartikaningsih, Hartati Kayanti, Nadila Putri Dwi Kusdiyarlistio, Andhika Alfanda Kusuma, Zulfia Rifka Ayu M. Arifin, Zainul Maharsih, Inggit Kresna Muh Ade Artasasta Muhamad Firdaus Notonegoro, Hartoyo Panjaitan, Mikchaell Alfanov Pardamean Putri, Luh Ayu Hesa Frida Nanda S Siswanto Sutan Haji, Tunggul Syaputra, Denny Taher, Muhammad Tambunan, Jenny Ernawati Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati Titik Dwi Sulistiyati Yanwirasti Yanwirasti Yunita Eka Puspitasari Yunita Yunita