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Djamaludin, Heder
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KARAKTERISTIK ORGANOLEPTIK ABON IKAN TUNA (Thunnus sp.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN JANTUNG PISANG Sulistiyati, Titik Dwi; Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Hardoko, Mr.; Suprayitno, Eddy; Sasmito, Bambang Budi; Chamidah, Anies; Panjaitan, Mikchaell Alfanov Pardamean; Djamaludin, Heder; Putri, Luh Ayu Hesa Frida Nanda; Kusuma, Zulfia Rifka Ayu
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): JFMR on April
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2022.006.01.2

Abstract

Ikan tuna mengandung gizi yang tinggi yaitu protein 22,6 – 26 gram/100 gram dan lemak 0,2- 2,7 gram/100 gram dengan proporsi 50-60% bagian tubuh dapat dikonsumsi. Dengan kandungan gizi ini, ikan tuna berpotensi diolah menjadi berbagai produk olahan salah satunya adalah abon ikan. Abon ikan memiliki daya simpan (shelf-life) yang relatif lama, yaitu selama 50 hari pada suhu kamar. Namun, abon ikan masih memiliki kekurangan yakni rendahnya kadar serat. Alternatif sumber serat yang dapat ditambahkan adalah jantung pisang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 taraf penambahan jantung pisang yaitu 20%, 25% dan 30% dengan 3 ulangan. Uji yang dilakukan adalah organoleptik untuk mengetahui tingkat kesuakaan panelis terhadap produk abon ikan. Uji organoleptik menggunakan 4 parameter yaitu penampakan, tektur, aroma dan rasa. Hasil perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan keempat parameter tersebut adalah konsentrasi penambahan jantung pisang sebanyak 25% dengan nilai kenampakan 4,067; aroma 3,956; tekstur 4,589; rasa 4,344 dan dengan penerimaan keseluruhan 4,389. Kata kunci: Abon ikan, Jantung pisang, Tuna
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ANGKAK DAN SENDAWA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MIKROBIOLOGI DAN FISIKOKIMIA SE’I TUNA: THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL ANGKAK AND SALTPETRE ON SE'I TUNA MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Suprayitno, Eddy; Djamaludin, Heder; Hardoko, Hardoko; Dwi Sulistiyati, Titik; Chamidah, Anies; Yunita, Yunita; Dewi Sinta Wati
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2023): JFMR on November
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2023.007.03.3

Abstract

Ikan tuna merupakan sumber pangan hewani yang banyak dibutuhkan manusia karena kandungan proteinnya yang tinggi. Umumnya, ikan kaya akan kandungan air dan protein yang tinggi, hal ini menjadikan ikan bersifat perishable sehingga rentan mengalami kemunduran mutu. Pengasapan merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengawetkan ikan. Se’i merupakan makanan khas Indonesia-yang berasal dari Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) diolah dan diawetkan mirip seperti ikan asap. Sendawa atau saltpetre digunakan pada pembuatan se’i sebagai penghasil warna merah, memberikan rasa yang khas, mengurangi pengerutan pada daging selama proses pengasapan dan memperpanjang umur simpan se’i. Namun, warna merah yang dihasilkan saltpetre kurang memuaskan, sehingga perlu pengembangan warna merah pada se’i yaitu dengan pemanfaatan angkak sebagai penghasil warna alami. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu lama perendaman dalam larutan campuran angkak sendawa (0,3,6 jam) dan lama penyimpanan pada suhu ruang (0,3,6,9 hari) dengan menggunakan 3 kali ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Perlakuan terbaik adalah perendaman pada angkak sendawa selama 6 jam dengan karakteristik TPC sebesar 3.86 log CFU/g (7.24x103 CFU/g), angka kapang khamir sebesar 1.51 log CFU/g (3.24x101 CFU/g), dan TBA sebesar 0.22 mg malondialdehid/kg.   Tuna is an animal food source that is much needed by humans because of its high protein content. Generally, fish is rich in water and high protein content, this makes the fish perishable so it is susceptible to quality deterioration. Smoking is one way to preserve fish. Se'i is a typical Indonesian food originating from East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) which is processed and preserved similar to smoked fish. Saltpetre is used in making se'i to produce a red color, give it a distinctive taste, reduce shrinkage of the meat during the smoking process and extend the shelf life of se'i. However, the red color produced by saltpetre is less than satisfactory, so it is necessary to develop the red color in se'i, namely by using Angkak as a natural color producer. This research uses an experimental method using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the length of soaking in a mixed solution of slaked rice (0.3.6 hours) and the length of storage at room temperature (0.3.6.9 days) with using 3 repetitions. The research data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The best treatment is soaking in red rice for 6 hours with TPC characteristics of 3.86 log CFU/g (7.24x103 CFU/g), yeast mold numbers of 1.51 log CFU/g (3.24x101 CFU/g), and TBA of 0.22 mg malondialdehyde. /kg.
The Cytotoxic Activity of Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus nomius NC06 Against HT29 Colon Cancer Cells: Cytotoxic Activity of A. nomius NC06 Against HT29 Cancer Cells Artasasta, Muh. Ade; Djamaan, Akmal; Yanwirasti, Yanwirasti; Taher, Muhammad; Djamaludin, Heder; Siswanto, Siswanto; Handayani, Dian
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.05

Abstract

The study of natural products from marine-derived fungi has been interesting tense to researchers as drug discovery sources. Marine fungus from West Sumatera, Indonesia repeatedly showed their potential for cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.  This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity against HT29 colon cancer cells of each fraction of ethyl acetate extracts from Aspergillus nomius NC06 derived from marine sponge Neopetrosia chaliniformis. A. nomius was cultivated with rice as a growth medium and extracted with ethyl acetate solvent and evaporated in vacuo to obtain ethyl acetate extract. Furthermore, the compounds of ethyl acetate extract were separated with the VLC (Vacuum Liquide Chromatography) method. Five fractions were obtained, which further investigated their cytotoxic activity against HT29 colon cancer cells by using an MTT assay. The result showed that fractions I and III were categorized as potential fractions due to their IC50 value of 13.12 ± 0.39 μg/mL and 2.59 ± 0.19 μg/mL, respectively. It was also supported by ANOVA to measure the effect of each concentration (0.1; 1; 10; 100 μg/mL) of each fraction on the viability percentage of HT29 cells with p < 0.005.
PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI GELOMBANG MIKRO UNTUK PENGEMPUKAN SATE TUNA DI POKLAHSAR MINA JAYA MANDIRI, PANTAI KONDANG MERAK, MALANG Hardoko, Hardoko; M. Arifin, Zainul; Sutan Haji, Tunggul; Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Djamaludin, Heder
Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) Vol 6 (2023): INOVASI PERGURUAN TINGGI & PERAN DUNIA INDUSTRI DALAM PENGUATAN EKOSISTEM DIGITAL & EK
Publisher : Asosiasi Sinergi Pengabdi dan Pemberdaya Indonesia (ASPPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37695/pkmcsr.v6i0.2045

Abstract

Poklasar Mina Jaya Mandiri merupakan salah satu asosiasi UMKM pengolah ikan laut yang berfokus dalam membuat dan menjual produk sate tuna di daerah wisata Pantai Kondang Merak. Permasalahan yang dihadapai produk unggulan sate tuna diantaranya adalah produk sate tuna yang dihasilkan berukuran cukup besar dan bertekstur keras dan pihak UMKM belum mempunyai inovasi teknologi pengempukan sate tuna, minimnya inovasi teknologi diversifikasi produk sate tuna sehingga produk yang dihasilkan monoton. Berdasarkan permasalahan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra, maka tim PKM bermaksud melakukan kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk membantu memberikan solusi permasalahan dalam bentuk kegiatan penerapan ipteks melalui pelatihan penerapan ipteks, pendampingan, dan bantuan sarana produksi. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah metode PALS (Participatory Action Learning Syatem) dengan cara pelatihan langsung yang dilakukan secara bertahap melalui teknologi pengempukan sate tuna dengan elektromagnetik gelombang mikro, diversifikasi jenis sate tuna dan teknologi refrigerasi mekanis untuk penyimpanan bahan dan produk, memberikan pendambingan dan membantu mitra UMKM dalam mengembangkan produk kreasi atau diversifikasi sate tuna. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknologi gelombang mikro di Poklasar Mina Jaya Mandiri dapat lebih mengempukan sate tuna dan mempecepat proses pembuatan sate. Secara organoleptik sate tuna gelombang mikro (microwave) lebih disukai daripada sate tuna bakar, kelezatan sate gelombang mikro sama dengan sate tuna bakar, dan sate tuna gelombang mikro lebih menarik daripada sate bakar.
Fortifikasi Tepung Eucheuma cottonii pada Nugget Udang Vaname sebagai Sumber Yodium: Fortification of Eucheuma cottonii Flour in Vaname Shrimp Nugget as a Source of Iodine Djamaludin, Heder; Sulistiyati, Titik Dwi; Puspitasari, Yunita Eka; Notonegoro, Hartoyo
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v8i3.2024.409-415

Abstract

Background: Humans require iodine as a micronutrient; a deficit in this mineral lowers IQ. Seaweed (E. cottonii) is a non-salt source of iodine. You can add E. cottonii flour to food items like nuggets. Aside from that, Vanname Shrimp are a high-protein fishery product that can be utilized as a base for nuggets. Therefore, to prevent iodine deficit, Vanname Shrimp nuggets supplemented with E. cottonii flour can be developed as a substitute food. Objectives: Fortification of E. cottonii flour in making Vanname Shrimp nuggets as an effort to increase the iodine content. Methods: Three replications of a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) were used in the study. The fisheries products laboratory at Brawijaya University's Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences (FPIK) was the site of the research. There were four additions of E. cottonii flour: 0%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5%. Iodine content is the parameter for chemical testing; elasticity is the parameter for physical testing; and color, scent, taste, and texture are the criteria for organoleptic testing (the hedonic approach for determining the optimal treatment utilizing the de Garmo and proximal testing). Results: The study found that adding different quantities of E. cottonii flour fortification significantly altered the iodine content and flexibility of Vanname Shrimp nuggets. E. cottonii flour is optimally fortified at a level of 7.5% treatment, with iodine content of 6.17 mcg/g, elasticity of 6.65 N, carbohydrate content of 77.04%, protein content of 7.78%, fat content of 3.67%, water content of 9.85%, and ash content of 1.66%. Conclusions: In order to prevent and treat iodine deficiency, the Vanname Shrimp nugget product fortified with E. cottonii flour should be further developed as a food option.
PENGARUH KARAGENAN PADA SIFAT MEKANIK DAN GUGUS FUNGSI FORMULASI EDIBLE FILM PATI JAGUNG: Effect of Carrageenan on Mechanical Properties and Functional Groups of Corn Starch Edible Film Formulation Notonegoro, Hartoyo; Syaputra, Denny; Djamaludin, Heder
Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Edible film is packaging that can replace plastic and is a thin layer to cover food. Edible Film making ingredients such as hydrocolloids, lipids, or other mixtures include carrageenan which is extracted from seaweed. The quality of edible film is influenced by the base material used. Different carrageenan compositions have the potential to influence the mechanical properties and functional groups of edible films. This research aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of carrageenan in Edible Film on the mechanical properties and identification of functional groups. The concentration of carrageenan used is 2; 2.5; and 3 grams. Testing of mechanical properties includes tensile strength, elongation at break, thickness, solubility and functional groups using FTIR. The results showed strong tensile strength, elongation at break and solubility with the best treatment at a carrageenan concentration of 3 g. Tensile strength and elongation at break were obtained from the 3 g carrageenan treatment of 5.16 MPa and 11.11%. The best thickness and solubility values ​​were obtained from the 3 g carrageenan treatment of 0.21 mm and 38.44%. The selected carrageenan was the 3 g carrageenan concentration treatment because it produced the best mechanical properties. Identification of functional groups in the 3 g Edible Film treatment showed the presence of O-H, C-H and C-O groups owned by the mixture of the two carrageenan and corn starch materials. Kata kunci:  carrageenan, FTIR, hydrocolloid, solubility, plastic   Edible film adalah kemasan yang dapat menggantikan plastik dan merupakan lapisan tipis sebagai penutup makanan. Bahan pembuatan edible film seperti hidrokoloid, lipid, atau campuran lain termasuk karagenan yang diekstrak dari rumput laut. Kualitas edible film dipengaruhi oleh bahan dasar yang digunakan. Komposisi karagenan yang berbeda berpotensi berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik dan gugus fungsi edible film. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi karagenan yang berbeda pada edible film terhadap  karakteristik sifat mekanis serta identifikasi gugus fungsinya. Konsentrasi karagenan yang digunakan, yaitu 2; 2,5; dan 3 g. Pengujian sifat mekanis meliputi kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan putus, ketebalan, kelarutan serta gugus fungsi dengan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kuat tarik, pemanjangan putus dan kelarutan dengan perlakuan terbaik pada konsentrasi karagenan 3 g. Kuat tarik dan pemanjangan putus diperoleh dari perlakuan karagenan 3 g sebesar 5,16 MPa dan 11,11%. Nilai ketebalan dan kelarutan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan 3 g karagenan sebesar 0,21 mm dan 38,44%. Karagenan terpilih adalah perlakuan konsentrasi 3 g karagenan karena menghasilkan sifat mekanik terbaik. Identifikasi gugus fungsional pada edible film perlakuan 3 g menunjukkan adanya gugus O-H, C-H dan C-O yang dipunyai oleh campuran kedua bahan karagenan dan pati jagung. Kata kunci:  FTIR, hidrokoloid, karagenan, kelarutan, plastik
Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking of Compounds from Avicennia marina Leaves Extracts: Obtained by Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Kartikaningsih, Hartati; Djamaludin, Heder; Audina, Nanda; Fauziyah, Jihan Nur
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.92444

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of using natural deep eutectic solvent in extracting compounds from young and old leaves of Avicennia marina on the antibacterial activity through in vitro and in silico. The research method used was experimental with different molar ratios of solvent components: citric acid and glucose (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 v/v). In vitro, the paper-disk method was employed to assess percent inhibition, and in silico, peptide deformylase (ID 6JFQ) was the target of the investigation. The best treatment results for testing the antibacterial activity of A. marina leaves extracts that were extracted using natural deep eutectic solvent against S. aureus and E. coli was citric acid and glucose (molar ratio 4:1). The inhibition zone by old leaves extracts was 27.47 and 37.73 mm, and by young leaves extracts were 28.69 and 30.99 mm. Then, phytochemical compound analysis was done using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and six phytochemical compounds were obtained. The docking results showed that the diosmetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide has the best binding affinity (−9.4 kcal/mol) towards the peptide deformylase. Purification must be done to obtain pure compounds from crude extracts of A. marina leaves.
Profil Luas Glomerulus Ginjal Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus Novergicus) Hipertensi yang Diberi Hidrolisat Kolagen Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa Striata): The Profile of the Glomerular Area in Male Wistar Rat Kidneys (Rattus Novergicus) with Hypertension Given Collagen Hydrolysate from Snakehead Fish Skin (Channa Striata) Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Suprayitno, Eddy; Djamaludin, Heder; Kayanti, Nadila Putri Dwi
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JFMR on March
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2025.009.01.12

Abstract

Kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) memiliki kandungan kolagen sekitar 13,60% yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produk nutraceutical. Hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antihipertensi dengan aktivitas penghambatan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) sebesar 78%. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Maret hingga Mei 2024 di Laboratorium Advance Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya, Laboratorium Perekayasaan Hasil Perikanan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya, dan Laboratorium Uji Hewan Farmakologi Universitas Brawijaya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan jumlah sampel hewan model sebanyak 24 ekor dengan 6 level kelompok perlakuan yakni Kelompok Normal (N); Kelompok Kontrol Positif (K+); Kelompok Kontrol Negatif (K-); Kelompok Perlakuan Dosis Hidrolisat Kolagen Kulit Ikan (P1, P2, P3). Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 tahap yakni tahap 1 dan tahap 2. Tahap 1 berupa pembuatan dan karakterisasi hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) sedangkan tahap 2 berupa analisis aktivitas antihipertensi hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) melalui hewan model secara in vivo. Pemberian hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) dapat mencegah terjadinya peningkatan luas glomerulus ginjal hewan model serta mencegah terjadinya disfungsi endotel dan injury pada sel endotel dan podosit yang dapat mencegah terjadinya sklerotik glomerulus.   Snakehead fish skin (Channa striata) contains about 13.60% collagen, which can be utilized as a raw material for nutraceutical products. Collagen hydrolysate from snakehead fish skin (Channa striata) has been shown to have antihypertensive activity, with an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity of 78%. The research was conducted from March to May 2024 at the Advance Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, the Fishery Product Engineering Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, and the Pharmacological Animal Testing Laboratory of Brawijaya University. The research method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 24 animal model samples divided into 6 treatment groups: Normal Group (N), Positive Control Group (K+), Negative Control Group (K-), and Treatment Groups with Collagen Hydrolysate from Fish Skin (P1, P2, P3). This study consists of two stages: Stage 1 involves the preparation and characterization of collagen hydrolysate from snakehead fish skin (Channa striata), while Stage 2 involves analyzing the antihypertensive activity of the collagen hydrolysate from snakehead fish skin (Channa striata) in vivo using an animal model. The administration of collagen hydrolysate from snakehead fish skin (Channa striata) can prevent an increase in the glomerular area of the animal model’s kidneys, as well as prevent endothelial dysfunction and injury in endothelial and podocyte cells, which could help prevent glomerulosclerosis.
Profil Kadar Nitric Oxide (NO) dan Patologis Jantung Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus Novergicus) Hipertensi dengan Pemberian Hidrolisat Kolagen Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa Striata): Profile Of Nitric Oxide (NO) Levels and Heart Pathology in Hypertensive Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Novergicus) Administered Collagen Hydrolysate from Snakehead Fish (Channa Striata) Skin Suprayitno, Eddy; Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Djamaludin, Heder
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JFMR on March
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2025.009.01.9

Abstract

Potensi dari aktivitas biologis pada kolagen dapat ditingkatkan salah satunya dengan cara hidrolisis enzimatis. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengujian hidrolisat kolegan kulit ikan gabus secara in vivo pada hewan model tikus wistar jantan dan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kadar NO hewan model. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu diharapkan dapat menganalisis adanya potensi dan pengaruh perbedaan level dosis pada hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus sebagai antihipertensi terhadap tekanan darah dan peningkatan kadar NO tikus wistar jantan hipertensi yang diinduksi NaCl dan Prednison. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan RAK dengan jumlah sampel 24 ekor dengan 6 level kelompok perlakuan, Kelompok Normal (N); Kelompok Kontrol Positif (K+); Kelompok Kontrol Negatif (K-); Kelompok Perlakuan Perbedaan Level Dosis Hidrolisat Kolagen kulit ikan gabus (P1,P2,P3). Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap yakni tahap satu pembuatan dan identifikasi hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus, sedangkan tahap dua pengujian hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus melalui hewan model secara in vivo. Tahap 1 karakterisasi hidrolisat kolagen menggunakan enzim bromelin 1% diperoleh rendemen 12%, kadar protein 49,2mg/L, derajat hidrolisis 40,63%, berat molekul 15-180 kDa, dan memiliki 17 profil asam amino. Tahap 2, diperoleh hasil pengukuran tekanan darah hewan model meningkat menggunakan NaCl 2% + Prednison 1,5mg/kgBB dan menurun pada perlakuan berbeda tiap kelompok. Penelitian tahap 2 diperoleh kadar NO tertinggi oleh kelompok K+ 134,81 μmol/L, sedangkan kadar NO terendah oleh kelompok K- 38,67 μmol/L. Pemberian hidrolisat kolagen ikan gabus P3 (140 mg/200 g BB tikus) berpengaruh terhadap pengurangan kerusakan sel di area arteri pulmonalis jantung tikus wistar dan terjadinya dilatasi endotel jantung tikus wistar hingga sebesar 26 μm.   The potential biological activity of collagen can be enhanced through enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, this study conducted in vivo testing of snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin collagen hydrolysate on male Wistar rats and subsequently analyzed nitric oxide (NO) levels in the animal models. The aim of the study was to assess the potential and impact of different dosage levels of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate as an antihypertensive agent on blood pressure and NO levels in hypertensive male Wistar rats induced with NaCl + Prednisone. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 24 samples divided into six treatment groups: Normal Group (N), Positive Control Group (K+), Negative Control Group (K-), and Treatment Groups with different dosage levels of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate (P1, P2, P3). The study consisted of two stages: stage 1 involved the production and identification of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate, while stage 2 involved in vivo testing of the hydrolysate on animal models. In stage 1, the collagen hydrolysate was characterized using 1% bromelain enzyme, resulting in a yield of 12%, protein content of 49.2 mg/L, degree of hydrolysis 40.63%, a molecular weight range of 15–180 kDa, and profiles of 17 amino acid. In stage 2, blood pressure measurements showed an increase in the animal model induced with 2% NaCl + 1.5 mg/kg BW Prednisone, which decreased with different treatments in each group. The results of stage 2 showed that the highest NO level was found in the K+ group (134.81 μmol/L), while the lowest NO level was observed in the K- group (38.67 μmol/L). Administration of snakehead fish collagen hydrolysate P3 (140 mg/200 g BW rats) significantly reduced cellular damage in the pulmonary artery area of the heart and caused endothelial dilation in the heart of Wistar rats, reaching 26 μm.
Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Various Cysteine-Proteases' Impact on Spirulina Protein Hydrolysate Djamaludin, Heder; Inayatussakinah, Inayatussakinah; Kusdiyarlistio, Andhika Alfanda; Armanda, Zidan; Dwijayanti, Dinia Rizqi; Maharsih, Inggit Kresna; Palupi, Kartika Dyah; Ferdian, Pamungkas Rizki; Elfirta, Rizki Rabeca; Notonegoro, Hartoyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.103465

Abstract

Spirulina is a type of microalgae that contains many useful compounds having antioxidant properties. It has low biological activity and limited protein content when used in dry form. Proteins can be broken down through a hydrolysis reaction to increase their bioactivity, producing smaller peptides and free amino acids. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two cysteine-protease enzymes, bromelain and papain, on the hydrolysis of Spirulina protein. The research examined how these enzymes affect the degree of hydrolysis, protein content, molecular weight, and antioxidant activity of the resulting protein hydrolysate. A non-factorial, completely randomized design was used with three replicates per treatment. The results showed that the type of enzyme used significantly influenced all measured parameters. Bromelain was found to be more effective than papain. Spirulina protein hydrolyzed with bromelain had 32.15 ± 0.74% protein, 48.51 ± 0.94% hydrolysis, a density of 0.786 mg/mL, and 29.64 ± 0.82 ppm antioxidant activity. It also contained 18 types of amino acids, totaling 14.41 g/kg. The most efficient of physical extraction methods—particularly the combination of freeze-thaw and ultrasonication—for obtaining high-yield, high-quality protein from Spirulina. Further purification is needed to obtain the smallest peptide.
Co-Authors Akmal Djamaan Anies Chamidah Armanda, Zidan Asep Awaludin Prihanto Audina, Nanda Bambang Budi Sasmito Dewi Sinta Wati Dian Handayani Dinia Rizqi Dwijayanti Dwi Sulistiyati, Titik Eddy Suprayitno Elfirta, Rizki Rabeca Fauziyah, Jihan Nur Ferdian, Pamungkas Rizki Hardoko Hardoko Hardoko, Mr. Inayatussakinah, Inayatussakinah Kartika Dyah Palupi Kartikaningsih, Hartati Kayanti, Nadila Putri Dwi Kusdiyarlistio, Andhika Alfanda Kusuma, Zulfia Rifka Ayu M. Arifin, Zainul Maharsih, Inggit Kresna Muh Ade Artasasta Muhamad Firdaus Notonegoro, Hartoyo Panjaitan, Mikchaell Alfanov Pardamean Putri, Luh Ayu Hesa Frida Nanda S Siswanto Sutan Haji, Tunggul Syaputra, Denny Taher, Muhammad Tambunan, Jenny Ernawati Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati Titik Dwi Sulistiyati Yanwirasti Yanwirasti Yunita Eka Puspitasari Yunita Yunita