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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Subandriyo .

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Author-ID : 215498

Veterinary

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Impact of sheep stocking density and breed on behaviour of newly regrouped adult rams Engeldal SEC; Subandriyo .; Handiwirawan E; Noor RR
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Placing animals in cages with certain density and good grouping were two important aspects needed in intensive livestock production system to produce optimal production and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to examine effect of stocking density, breed and elapse of time on behaviour of newly regrouped, unacquainted adult rams from three sheep breeds i.e. Barbados Blackbelly Cross, Local Garut and Composite Garut, as possible factor causing variation in welfare status. Instantaneous scan sampling was used for recording sheep behaviour at three different stocking densities. Thirty-six adult rams were used in this research and divided into three groups (n = 12) on the basis of breed. At each stocking density four rams of the same breed were observed during two consecutive days. The recorded behaviours were agonistic-, self-care-, exploratory-, aberrant-, mating-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The results showed that during the entire experiment agonistic behaviour was observed at the highest frequency. Stocking density was found to have a significant effect on exploratory-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The effect of breed was found to cause significant differences in agonistic-, self-care-, aberrant- and mating behaviour. Significant differences were also found between day 1 and day 2 of regrouping for agonistic-, exploratory, self-care- and mating behaviour. It is concluded that the three breeds do differ in their behavioural reactions to different stocking density levels and time needed for adaptation after regrouping. Key Words: Sheep, Stocking Density, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Reproductive performance of small ruminants in an outreach pilot project in West Java B. Setiadi; Subandriyo .; L. C. Iniguez
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Reproductive performance of small ruminants was evaluated in an on-farm multidisciplinary research project, known as the outreach pilot project (OPP), involving village farms in West Java, Indonesia . Strategies to increase production of small ruminants were implemented in this project . Data from three consecutive years (1986-87, 1987-1988 and 1988-1989) showed no significant increase in flock size . Average number of ewes per farm per month (EA) was 4 .1 . Although on average, larger farms had lower flock performance, a few individual farms with large flocks performed outstandingly in both reproduction and production . Twenty-eight percent of the farms had averaged 10 month lambing intervals (LI) with a potential of 3 lambings every 2 years (8 months interval) . Most of the differences between years were mainly due to changes in farm average litter size (FLS) (P<0.05) and changes in lamb mortality (%M) (P>0.05) : from 1 .33 and 20.5% to 1 .57 and 10 .4% ; for averages of FLS and %M between years 1986-87 and 1987-89, respectively. These changes were reflected in an increase in the number of lambs weaned per year per ewe available (LWEA) from 1 .19 in year 1 to 1 .60 in years 2 and 3, and were assumed to be promoted by the on-farm research program . Farms with large FLS in spite of higher %M, contributed a net improvement in LWEA and kilograms of lambs weaned. A different range of 3 .9-4 .5 kg of lambs weaned was found between the top 4 and the bottom 6 farms for FLS (averaging 2 .09 and 1 .19, respectively, for FLS) . Litter sizes 2 and 3 contributed substantial improvement in ewe productivity, weaning 18 and 23 kg of lambs, respectively .

Non-linear growth analysis of Sumatera thin tail sheep and its cross breds Agus Suparyanto; Subandriyo .; T.R Widarya; H.H Martojo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 4 (2001): DECEMBER 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Growth curve is a figure of individual ability to express its genetic potential to maximum size under the existingenvironmental condition. Three non-linear growth curves, von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz, were used to analyze the weight-age relationship for five genotypes of sheep. The data were collected from IP2TP Sei Putih, North Sumatera. Num ber of animals which were collected consisted of five genotypes i.e, indigenous Sumatera (n=275), St. Croix (n=571), St. Croix Cross (n=899), Barbados Blackbelly Cross (n=471) and composite (n=740). The three non-linear growth curves were compared to obtain the most suitable curve for describing the shape of growth curves among sheep genotypes. The growth curves of von Bertalanffy fitted better than the others. The results showed that regression parameters of B or M (integral constante) were significantly different (P<0.001) among growth curves. It means that higher asymptotic weights will be followed by faster growth rates to reach mature size. Value of A (asymptotic mature weigh) and k (growth rate to mature size) were not significant (P>0.05). The data show that there was correlation between A and k. Key words: Sumatera thin-tail sheep, crossing, non-linear growth

Productivity of Sumateran Composite dan Barbados Cross sheep breed in the field condition Bambang Setiadi; Subandriyo .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Two years field study has been carried out in the Purwakarta district , West Java, to evaluate sheep productivity of Sumateran Composite (K) and Barbados cross (BC) breeds introduced to the farmers, compared with locally thin tail sheep breed (L) that were maintained by the farmers. Genotype compositions of K sheep were Barbados Blackbelly 25%, St. Croix 25%, and Sumateran sheep 50%; and for BC were Barbados Blackbelly 50% and Sumateran sheep 50%. Sheep those were introduced was new breed from breeding improvement of Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production. Litter size of K, BC, and L ewes was 1.3; 1.4; and 1.5 respectively. Pre-weaning mortality rate were 5.0; 5.0 and 8.0% respectively for K, BC, and L lambs. Ewe Reproduction Rate (LRI = number of lamb at weaning/ewe/year) of L (2.14) was higher than BC (2.0) and K (1.85). The ewe productivity (PI = kg lambs/ewe/year) is the average of weaning weight timed LRI. Because the weaning weight of L (7.0 kg) were significantly lowest than BC (10.5 kg) and K (9.25 kg) will affect on PI. PI of L (14.98) ewe were significantly (P<00.5) lowest than BC (21) and K (17.11). Body weight of crossbred (K X L and BCxL) under the same physiologic status were similarly with BC and K. According to the result of productivity evaluation of introduced sheep breed in the field condition, can be sumarize that productivity of K and BC sheep were significantly better than locally thin tail sheep. Key Words: Sumatera Composite, Barbados Blackbelly, Thin Tail Sheep, Productivity, Traditional Rearing

Estimation of breeding value and genetic trend of Garut sheep and its crossbred Ismeth Inounu; Subandriyo .; E Handiwirawan; L.O Nafiu
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Crossing of Garut (GG) sheep with St. Croix sheep (HH) and Moulton Charollais (MM) resulting HG sheep (♂HH X ♀GG) and MG sheep (♂MM X ♀GG) was done by Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production. The work continued by crossing MG and HG sheep to obtain HMG (♂HG X ♀MG) and MHG (♂MG X ♀HG) sheep. The study was continued by selection program based on phenotypic performance. Estimation of breeding value and genetic trends were done in order to study the effectiveness of selection program and to study the genetic progress of each breed. The breeding value was estimated by Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) method using Variance Component Estimation (VCE4) software to calculate variance component and using Prediction and Estimation (PEST) to calculate Breeding Value. Genetic variations of composite sheep were generally higher than Garut sheep, represented by higher estimated heritability value. Genetic correlation of body weight at diffrent age is high, that makes selection at one age could also increase body weight at any level of age. In general of this population shows positive genetic trend, but fluctuated from year to year. Composite breed tend to have higher estimated breeding value than Garut sheep. Selection method that was practiced in this population showed in line with selection method using breeding value criteria. Key Words: Breeding Value, Genetic, BLUP, Garut Sheep, St. Croix, Moulton Charollais

Effect of different levels of social isolation on the acoustical characteristics of sheep vocalization Engeldal SEC; Subandriyo .; Handiwirawan E; Noor RR
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

In farm animals, vocal analysis is accepted as a non-invasive method for assessing animal welfare in comparison to most physiological measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different degrees of social isolation on the acoustic characteristics of stress-induced bleats from three different breeds of sheep. The experiment consisted of subjecting the animals to three different levels of social isolation during which both locomotive and vocal data were recorded. The data on locomotive behaviour was subjected to descriptive analysis while specialized acoustic software was used to measure a total of thirty-six parameters of recorded bleats. Descriptive analysis showed that the animals displayed more locomotive activity during partial isolation compared to complete isolation. Number of bleats during partial isolation was also found to be higher. The application of two-way analysis of variance showed a significant effect of isolation level and breed on both temporal and structural acoustic properties. Amplitude, power and time acoustic properties were found to affect acoustic quality of vocal responses to isolation, whereas frequency related properties were also found to be different significantly (P < 0.05) between breeds. From spectrogram analysis, the patterns of energy distribution within the calls proved to offer the most evident that differ between isolation levels and breeds. It was concluded that acoustic analysis can be helpful in revealing the affective state of socially isolated rams. Key Words: Sheep, Social Isolation, Vocalization, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Growth characterisics of Garut sheep and its crossbred Ismeth Inounu; D Mauluddin; Subandriyo .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Based on previous study it is agreed that Von Bertalanffy model is the best fitted growth curve model with highest acuracy compared to Gompertz or Logistic models. For that reason in this study Von Bertalanffy model was used to study growth characterisics of Garut sheep and its crossbred. Relative superiority of crossbred sheep compared to Garut sheep in mature size parameter (A) based on Von Bertalanffy model were respectively: M. charolain X Garut = 19.26%; Hair sheep X Garut = 8.08% and MG X HG or HG X MG = 4.22%. While relative superiority of crossbreds compared to Garut in rate of maturing (k) were respectively: MG = -4.91%; HG = -1.34% dan MHG/HMG = 6.05%. Based on its relative superiority mature size parameter (A) and rate of maturing (k) MHG sheep had prospect for more developed due to its performance in term of high mature body weight, faster in reaching standard of slaughter body weight (35 kg) at 440 days, and it is considere as more eficient in biological and economicaly. Key words: Growth Characteristics, Garut Sheep and Crossbreds, Relative Superiority

Effects of grazing management and levels of concentrate supplementation on parasite establishment in two genotypes of lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus Simon P Ginting; K.R Pond; Subandriyo .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The effects of grazing systems, levels of feed supplementation and genotypes of sheep on the establishment ofHaemonchus contortus were studied in 36 St . Croix x Sumatra crosses (HC) and 36 Sumatra (S) male lambs . The lambs were artificially infected with Haemonchus larvae (L3) at a rate of 3,000 L3 per animal and fed concentrate supplement at 0 .5% body weight (BW) or at 1 .6% BW. The animals grazed clean Brachiaria brizantha pastures . Lambs grazing GM1 (grazing system with a 6-week rotational cycle) had egg counts of 3,936 t 1 .525 at week 18, and 29% of the lambs had PCV ranging from 7 .8 to 14 .6% . Lambs in GM3 (grazing system with a 12-week grazing cycle) had egg counts of 6,714 t 2,075 at week 28, and 24%ofthe lambs had PCV ranging from 7 .9 to 13.3% At these periods, all lambs in both GMI and GM3 were dosed with anthelmintics to prevent the death of the animals . Although the overall mean egg counts (4,543 t 318) of lambs on GM2 (grazing system with a 1-week grazing and 6-week resting periods) were higher (P<0 .001) than on GMI (2,944 t 325) or on GM3 (2,159 t 418), it was achieved without dosing with anthelmintics, since only I 1%ofthe Iambs in GM2ever reached PCV values less than 15%. Lambs fed supplements at 1.6%BW had lower (P<0.001) egg counts and higher (P<0 .001) PCV and serum protein than lambson 0.5 %BW supplement group . Egg counts and PCV values were not different (P>0 .10) between HC and the S lambs when fed supplement at 0.5% BW, but on 1 .6% supplement BW group, the egg counts were lower (P<0.001) in HC. It is concluded that a one-week grazing and a six- week resting system was superior than grazing systems with a 6- or 12-week rotational cycle . Improving the nutritional status of lambs by increasing the level of supplement offered could depress the establishment of Haemonchus in the Iambs . The HC and S lambs showed similar response to supplements at 0 .5% BW, but at 1 .6% BW the HC responded better than the S. Key words: Grazing management, Haemonchus contortus, feed supplement, sheep

Milk production capacity of priangan prolific sheep: II. The lactation curve B Tiesnamurti; I Inounu; Subandriyo .; H Martojo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 8, No 1 (2003): MARCH 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A calculation was made for the lactation curve of Priangan sheep using Wood equation to find out how much differences actual milk production of uncorrected ewes compared to those corrected using parity and litter size born. Milk production was measured using weighing of the lambs before and shortly after suckling, with average of daily and total milk production were 519.5 g/head and 43.6 kg head-1 lactation-1, respectively. The average of parameter a, which reflected milk production at the beginning of the lactation period was 6.296 that equivalent to 571.5 g/head and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The b parameter which reflected the rate of milk increment at the beginning of the lactation period was found to be 0.528 and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The c parameter which reflected the rate of milk decline at the end of lactation period was found to be -0.20 and significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity. The average persistency which reflected the duration of maximum milk production was found to be 22.58 days without any significant contribution of parity and the number of lamb born. The average time to reach maximum milk production was found to be at week 3.5 after lambing without any significant contribution of parity and litter size. The average estimation of maximum milk production was 708.4 g/head and significantly affected (P<0.05) by ewe parity. Key words: Milk production, lactation curve, Priangan sheep

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Indonesian Local goats using microsatellite DNA markers M Syamsul Arifin Zein; S Sulandari; Muladno .; Subandriyo .; Riwantoro .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 17, No 1 (2012): MARCH 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Genetic diversity is important information in the process of conservation and sustainable utilization of animal genetic resources. Thirteen microsatellite markers were used to estimate the degree of genetic diversity on five Indonesian local goats. Results showed the highest average allele diversity present in the locus MAF70 (5.6 ± 2.9), and the lowest was in the locus MAF035 (1.6 ± 0.6), the average number of alleles per locus was 6 ± 2.3. The lowest average alleles diversity present was in the Gembrong goat (2.2 ± 1.1) and the highest was in the Jawarandu goat (4.9 ± 2.2). There is a unique alleles at loci MCM527 and present in all Indonesian local goat with the highest allele frequency on Peranakan Etawa (37.2%) and lowest in Gembrong goat (7.9%). H0 ranged from 0.372 ± 0.173 (Gembrong) to 0.540 ± 0.204 (Peranakan Etawa), and HE ranging from 0.249 ± 0.196 (Gembrong) to 0.540 ± 0.212 (Peranakan Etawa).The genetic differentiation for inbreeding among population (FIS), within population (FIT), and average genetic differention (FST) were 0,0208 (2,08%), 0,1532 (15,32%), and 0,1352 (13,52%), respectively. Locus ILSTS029, BMS1494, MAF035 and INRA0132 had a low PIC value (PIC < 0.25), locus SRCRSP3, OARFCB20, ILSTS005, SPS113, MCM527, and ETH10 provide moderate (PIC = 0.25 to 0.5), and locus CSRD247, MAF70, and ILSTS11 had high value PIC > 0.5. Phylogenetic relationship was consistent with the history of its development based on Kacang goat except was for Gembrong Goat. This research information can be used for conservation strategies and breeding programs on each population of Indonesian local goat. Key Words: Local Goat, Indonesia, Microsatellites, Genetic Diversity, PIC

Co-Authors A.R Siregar Agus Suparyanto Aron Batubara Aron Batubara B Tiesnamurti B. Setiadi Bambang Setiadi Bambang Setiadi Bess Tiesnamurti Bess Tiesnamurti C Sumantri C Sumantri D Mauluddin D Piedrafita Dede Kardaya E Handiwirawan Eko Handiwirawan Endang Romjali Engeldal SEC G Suparta H Martojo H.H Martojo H.W Raadsma Handiwirawan E HARIMURTI MARTOJO Hartati . Hartati . I Inounu Ismeth Inonou Ismeth Inounu Ismeth Inounu K Diwyanto K.R Pond L. C. Iniguez La Ode Nafiu Leo P Batubara M Doloksaribu M Rangkuti M Syamsul Arifin Zein M Syamsul Arifin Zein N Hidajati N Hidayati Naufaliah N Noor RR Priyanto D R.R Noor Riwantoro . Ronny R Noor S Sulandari S Widjajanti S.E Estuningsih Simo Eliaser Simon Elieser Simon P Ginting Sumadi . Sumadi . T Haryati T Purwadaria T Purwadaria T.R Widarya Tety Hartatik Yulistiani D

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