This study aims to analyze the influence of business capital, business location, and business duration on the income of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Sumbawa Regency. Using a quantitative approach with a causal-explanatory design, this study applies multiple linear regression analysis to test the relationship between variables. A total of 100 MSME respondents were selected through proportional random sampling technique from a population of 1632 business units. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and have been tested for validity through the classical assumption test. The results showed that business capital (t = 3.689; p < 0.05), business location (t = 4.572; p < 0.05), and business duration (t = 4.045; p < 0.05) each have a positive and significant effect on MSME income. Among the three, business location is the most dominant factor with the highest beta coefficient (β = 0.318), indicating that strategic geographic location has a stronger influence on increasing income compared to capital (β = 0.256) and business duration (β = 0.287). The implication of this finding suggests that external factors such as accessibility and market reach can be more decisive in determining business success. This study fills a gap in the literature by providing local context-based empirical evidence regarding the factors that influence MSME income, particularly in non-metropolitan areas such as Sumbawa. The results provide valuable recommendations for local governments, financial institutions, and MSME actors in designing inclusive economic development strategies.