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Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Bonanza Variety on Planting Distance Setting and The Use of NPK Fertilizer Carolina Rosa Siallagan; Sutini Sutini; Didik Utomo Pribadi; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian Modern
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.1503

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) cultivation can be done through variety selection technology use, fertilization, and the proper planting distance. One of the techniques used in sweet corn cultivation is planting distance and fertilization with NPK fertilizer. So, this study is critical in order to set the planting distance and NPK fertilizer dose to enhance sweet corn production. The goal of this study was to see how different planting distances and NPK fertilizer doses affected sweet corn production. The study was carried out in a rice field in Sambiroto Village, Padas District, at an elevation of ± 60 meters above sea level. It was conducted during January-May 2019. The method used was a factorial experiment with three replications based on a Randomized Block Design and two factors. The first factor is the planting distance, they are J1: 60 cm x 15 cm, J2: 60 cm x 20 cm, J3: 60 cm x 25 cm. The second factor is the NPK fertilizer dose, they are P0 = 0 kg / ha, P1 = 100 kg / ha, P2 = 200 kg / ha, P3 = 300 kg / ha. The results showed that (1) the J2 (60 x 20 cm) planting distance had the best effect on sweet corn cobs fresh weight per plant as well as per hectare without husks and sweet corn sugar content. (2) The NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg/ha and planting distance of 60 x 20 cm resulted in optimal production on sugar content parameters. In conclusion, planting distance setting of 60 x 20 cm and NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg / ha resulted in optimal production for sweet corn plant.

Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (NEP) Results of In Vitro Propagation Using Egg Yolk Media Against Mustard Caterpillar Plutella xylostella Mohamad Hipti; Wiludjeng Widajati; Sri Wiyatiningsih; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian Modern
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.1509

Decreased mustard plant production is inseparable from the presence of plant pests and disease, one of which is Plutella xylostella. This pest can reduce the yield by 30-40%, even in some cases found to experience crop failure. Generally, in the community, controlling pests is using chemical pesticides. However, excessive use of chemical pesticides harms the environment and triggers health problems in humans, So, biological control is needed. One of them is an entomopathogenic nematode (NEP). Advantages Nematodes are environmentally friendly and are fast in crippling their host, but the multiplication of entomopathogenic nematodes encounters many obstacles, so research on these alternatives is needed. This research was carried out to determine the pathogenicity of entomopathogenic Nematodes cultured from the egg yolk media on Plutella xylostella larvae, then developed as an effective biocontrol. The pathogenicity test for Plutella xylostella larvae was performed using nine treatments placed in a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with each treatment repeated three times. The study indicate that the four bacterial isolates had the same ability to kill Plutella xylostella larvae during four days of observation, with the greatest percentage of 100 percent and the lowest percentage of 76.7 percent.

Mass Propagation of Antagonistic Bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens as an Environmental-Friendly Biocontrol Agent Yosua Nathanael Itona Sagala; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma; Suharto
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Magister Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3211

Biological control is a long-term and environmentally friendly method of pest management. The use of biological control agents has several advantages. These advantages include limiting the growth and development of plant-disrupting organisms over a relatively long period. Furthermore, biological agents have advantages in maintaining the equilibrium of the ecosystem that is present in agricultural environments. Due to their ability to create antimicrobials and stimulate plant development, as well as the fact that they are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and can survive in adverse environmental circumstances, antagonistic bacteria are one of the biological or biocontrol agents for managing illness. Antagonizing microorganisms can boost plant resilience to disease attack without polluting the environment or leaving toxic residues in the food chain Bacteria with good antagonistic agent properties can prevent the growth of pathogens and stimulate plant resistance responses. In addition, antagonistic bacteria can simultaneously boost the growth response of plants (plant growth promoter). One of the antagonistic bacteria used as PPGF is Pseudomonas fluorescens. Pseudomonas fluorescens has been widely recognized as having the potential as a biological agent to inhibit several plant pathogens. P. fluorescensis a group of root bacteria that effectively suppresses various plant diseases, including damping off of seedlings, soft rot, bacterial wilt, and others on many plant varieties. An antibiotic substance produced by P. fluorescens. (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol/ 2,4-DAPG) can increase soil resistance to pathogens.

Utilization of Babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) as a Botanical Pesticide for Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Pest Control Torino Benarivo; Tri Mujoko; Wiludjeng Widajati; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.4013

The babadotan plant is a weed plant that can be used as a vegetable insecticide because the chemical compounds contained in bandotan are saponins, flavanoids, polyphenols, coumarine, 5 percent eugenol, HCN and essential oils. The priority for agricultural development is food security, where food is followed by an increase in the amount of production to support the increasing population rate. National food availability can be influenced by several factors such as the presence of pests and the effectiveness of control. The presence of pests in crop cultivation areas can cause significant loss of agricultural production. S. frugiperda damages corn plants with a heavy attack rate, the larval population is between 2-10 per plant. This study aims to determine the use of babadotan as a vegetable pesticide to control S. frugiperda pests. This research was carried out in December 2021-January 2022 at the Plant Health Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture UPN "Veteran" East Java. This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely, S. frugiperda larvae and Babadotan Vegetable Pesticides with 3 doses of 200gr/l (P1), 300gr/l (P2), 400gr/l (P3) and Control (P0). The results showed that the application of the babadotan plant extract was effective in controlling the S. frugiperda caterpillar by giving a total mortality value of 100% in the P3 treatment (400 g/l concentration). Symptoms of larval poisons are marked by changes in color, namely at first the caterpillar is green to brown to black and there is mucus around the anus before it dies.

Effectiveness of Peppermint (Menta piperita) and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Essential Oil on Mortality of Storage Pest Tribolium castaneum Barna Deta Cristin Naftaly; Wiwin Windriyanti; Trijanti A. Widinni Asnan; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings The 4th International Conference on Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (ICAES) 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.3902

Tribolium castaneum commonly known as the red flour beetle, stands as a significant stored insect pest, inflicting crucial damage upon stored commodities. The infestations by T. castaneum result in substantial losses both in terms of quality and quantity of the stored products. The use of essential oils presents itself as an alternative pest control strategy, functioning as fumigants that can effectively thwart reinfestations of these pests during storage periods. This research was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of peppermint (Mentha piperita) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oils in the management of the stored insect pest T. castaneum. The essential oil assessment was carried out utilizing the fumigation technique within Petri dishes, employing various concentrations of 1%, 2%, 2%, 4%, and 5%. Observations on T. castaneum mortality were conducted after 72 hours post-treatment (HAT). The results obtained at the 72 HAT juncture exhibited the highest mortality rate of T. castaneum within the treatment using a 5% concentration of peppermint essential oil, yielding a mortality rate of 90%. In contrast, the highest mortality rate for the nutmeg essential oil treatment was recorded at 48% within the 5% concentration. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of a 5% concentration of peppermint essential oils proves to be effective in controlling the T. castaneum infestation

Antagonistic Test of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum Against the Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus Catur Putri Enggit Reksiana; Wiwin Windriyanti; Nijma Nurfadila; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings The 4th International Conference on Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (ICAES) 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.3903

Aspergillus flavus is a post-harvest fungus that often contaminates foods and feeds, causing damage to commodities, and causing health problems for humans and animals. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the fungi Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum as antagonist fungi against A. flavus in vitro using the direct opposition method. The fungus A. flavus and the antagonist fungus were isolated in the same petri dish. The results showed the highest percentage inhibition of growth after seven days of incubation was shown by A. niger 5, was 95.83%, while the percentage inhibition of growth by T. harzianum 4, was 71.43%. A. niger had a higher percentage inhibition of growth than T. harzianum which ranged from 90 – 96%, while the lowest percentage inhibition of growth of T. harzianum ranged from 71 – 90%. Both of these fungi are recommended as an effective and safe alternative for controlling the toxigenic A. flavus because they have an inhibition percentage of more than 60%. Inhibition mechanism of antagonist fungi through competition of growth space and limited nutrients.

Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Bonanza Variety on Planting Distance Setting and The Use of NPK Fertilizer Carolina Rosa Siallagan; Sutini Sutini; Didik Utomo Pribadi; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian Modern
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.1503

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) cultivation can be done through variety selection technology use, fertilization, and the proper planting distance. One of the techniques used in sweet corn cultivation is planting distance and fertilization with NPK fertilizer. So, this study is critical in order to set the planting distance and NPK fertilizer dose to enhance sweet corn production. The goal of this study was to see how different planting distances and NPK fertilizer doses affected sweet corn production. The study was carried out in a rice field in Sambiroto Village, Padas District, at an elevation of ± 60 meters above sea level. It was conducted during January-May 2019. The method used was a factorial experiment with three replications based on a Randomized Block Design and two factors. The first factor is the planting distance, they are J1: 60 cm x 15 cm, J2: 60 cm x 20 cm, J3: 60 cm x 25 cm. The second factor is the NPK fertilizer dose, they are P0 = 0 kg / ha, P1 = 100 kg / ha, P2 = 200 kg / ha, P3 = 300 kg / ha. The results showed that (1) the J2 (60 x 20 cm) planting distance had the best effect on sweet corn cobs fresh weight per plant as well as per hectare without husks and sweet corn sugar content. (2) The NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg/ha and planting distance of 60 x 20 cm resulted in optimal production on sugar content parameters. In conclusion, planting distance setting of 60 x 20 cm and NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg / ha resulted in optimal production for sweet corn plant.

Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (NEP) Results of In Vitro Propagation Using Egg Yolk Media Against Mustard Caterpillar Plutella xylostella Mohamad Hipti; Wiludjeng Widajati; Sri Wiyatiningsih; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian Modern
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.1509

Decreased mustard plant production is inseparable from the presence of plant pests and disease, one of which is Plutella xylostella. This pest can reduce the yield by 30-40%, even in some cases found to experience crop failure. Generally, in the community, controlling pests is using chemical pesticides. However, excessive use of chemical pesticides harms the environment and triggers health problems in humans, So, biological control is needed. One of them is an entomopathogenic nematode (NEP). Advantages Nematodes are environmentally friendly and are fast in crippling their host, but the multiplication of entomopathogenic nematodes encounters many obstacles, so research on these alternatives is needed. This research was carried out to determine the pathogenicity of entomopathogenic Nematodes cultured from the egg yolk media on Plutella xylostella larvae, then developed as an effective biocontrol. The pathogenicity test for Plutella xylostella larvae was performed using nine treatments placed in a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with each treatment repeated three times. The study indicate that the four bacterial isolates had the same ability to kill Plutella xylostella larvae during four days of observation, with the greatest percentage of 100 percent and the lowest percentage of 76.7 percent.

Mass Propagation of Antagonistic Bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens as an Environmental-Friendly Biocontrol Agent Yosua Nathanael Itona Sagala; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma; Suharto
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Magister Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3211

Biological control is a long-term and environmentally friendly method of pest management. The use of biological control agents has several advantages. These advantages include limiting the growth and development of plant-disrupting organisms over a relatively long period. Furthermore, biological agents have advantages in maintaining the equilibrium of the ecosystem that is present in agricultural environments. Due to their ability to create antimicrobials and stimulate plant development, as well as the fact that they are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and can survive in adverse environmental circumstances, antagonistic bacteria are one of the biological or biocontrol agents for managing illness. Antagonizing microorganisms can boost plant resilience to disease attack without polluting the environment or leaving toxic residues in the food chain Bacteria with good antagonistic agent properties can prevent the growth of pathogens and stimulate plant resistance responses. In addition, antagonistic bacteria can simultaneously boost the growth response of plants (plant growth promoter). One of the antagonistic bacteria used as PPGF is Pseudomonas fluorescens. Pseudomonas fluorescens has been widely recognized as having the potential as a biological agent to inhibit several plant pathogens. P. fluorescensis a group of root bacteria that effectively suppresses various plant diseases, including damping off of seedlings, soft rot, bacterial wilt, and others on many plant varieties. An antibiotic substance produced by P. fluorescens. (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol/ 2,4-DAPG) can increase soil resistance to pathogens.

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