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Journal : Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum

Strength Performance of Concrete Using Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) Dahlia Patah; Amry Dasar
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 8 No. 3 (September 2022)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.3488

Abstract

Rice husk ash (RHA) is an industrial waste obtained from raw material that is processed into ash through the combustion process. It is a solid waste in fine powder form, which contains a large amount of silica and can promote RHA through combustion under certain conditions. Furthermore, it has a high pozzolanic activity due to a large amount of silica, which is a kind of supplementary cementitious material (SCM). According to ASTM C618, RHA has potential as sustainable material that meets the specification of the chemical configuration of pozzolan compound that can be used in cement products and concrete mixing. The use of RHA as SCMs in concrete construction contributes to sustainability and eco-material. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the application of RHA as SCM on the strength base performance of concrete. The sample was directly collected from the rice field after the natural combusting process without additional treatment, controlled burning temperature, or time. RHA was used as an admixture for cement substitute and the mechanical characteristics were evaluated using a cylindrical concrete specimen made with 100-mm diameter and 200-mm height. After 24-hours, the concrete specimens were demolded and immediately immersed curing in fresh water with uncontrolled laboratory condition until the day of testing. The results showed that RHA with a replacement ratio of 7.5% obtained an optimum compressive strength of 40.65 MPa and 48.79 MPa at 28 and 91 days, respectively. The split tensile test also gave an optimum replacement ratio of RHA is 10% with 4.57 MPa at 28 days. These results provide good input on using RHA as SCM for concrete strength base performance and future sustainable material.
The Impact of using Rice Husks Ash, Seawater and Sea Sand on Corrosion of Reinforcing Bars in Concrete Dahlia Patah; Amry Dasar
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 9 No. 3 (September 2023)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.6016

Abstract

The global increase in infrastructure development has led to potential shortages of river sand and tap water, particularly in coastal areas, posing challenges for concrete production. To address this issue, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of seawater and sea sand as sustainable alternatives. Rice Husks Ash (RHA), a fine powder derived from the combustion process of agricultural husks, has emerged as potential eco-friendly solution due to its excellent pozzolanic properties, making it a viable candidate for partially replacing cement in concrete. This substitution enhances concrete durability and strength as well as reduces the risk of corrosion in harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, this study examined impact of seawater for mixing, sea sand and substitution ratio of RHA on corrosion of reinforcing bars. The specimen used in the experiment had a thickness of 150 mm, with rectangular areas of 400 x 400 mm and plain steel bars with a diameter of 10 mm. Corrosion levels and concrete quality were evaluated using the half-cell potential (HCP) method and hammer test, respectively. The results showed that all specimens mixed with seawater, river sand, and different substitution ratios of RHA (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) exhibited corrosion, as confirmed by the HCP method. However, only the specimen mixed with tap water, sea sand, and an addition of 5% RHA demonstrated effective resistance to corrosion, comparable to normal concrete.
The Effects of Palm Oil Fuel Ash on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Sustainable Foamed Concrete Patah, Dahlia; Dasar, Amry; Noor, Nurazuwa Md.
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 11 No. 1 (January 2025)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.13749

Abstract

In recent years, mortar bricks or autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), also known as foamed concrete, have been widely used as masonry wall materials. Foamed concrete, like bricks, can be produced by adding a foaming agent to achieve the desired weight and density, while meeting requirements for strength and durability. However, the search for sustainable construction materials has become imperative , including the use of waste materials to partially replace cement. The incorporation of SCM in the production of cement-based materials, such as foamed concrete, has a significant impact on reducing CO 2 emissions and promoting a sustainable environment. POFA, a secondary product derived from the palm oil industry that is typically left on the ground , poses environmental problems. Due to its good performance and pozzolanic reactions, POFA-based construction materials have great potential as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement. Unlike previous studies, this research evaluates the strength and durability of foamed concrete with variations in foam agent dosages, including finer particles of POFA (100μm) as a partial cement replacement. The study produced a total of 6 batches of foamed concrete, measuring compressive strength, porosity, water absorption, and electrical resistivity. Additionally, the research examined the correlation between compressive strength and porosity, as well as compressive strength and electrical resistivity. This study concludes that an ideal content of 10% POFA with a foaming agent-to-water ratio (fa/w) of 1/60 can achieve the best strength of foamed concrete. Furthermore, a partial cement replacement with 20% POFA could potentially increase the compressive strength to levels similar to those of normal foamed concrete (without POFA).