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Using Benthic Diatom to Assess the Success of Batch Culture System Phytoremediation Process of Water Irrigation Catur Retnaningdyah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.08

Diatoms or phytobenthic are often used as bio-indicators of water quality in freshwater ecosystems such as rivers, but have never been used for monitoring the quality of artificial water ecosystems. The objective of this research is to use the diatom as a bioindicator for measurement the success of phytoremediation process of irrigation water that has status hyper-eutrophic and is polluted from organic materials using polyculture of various local hydromacrophytes through batch culture system. This experimental study was conducted in a greenhouse through planting some local emergent, submerged and floating leaf hydromacrophytes on a 30 L bucket with a given substrate from sand and gravel. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two treatment included phytoremediation model and control in the form of substrate without hydromacrophyte which repeated three times at the same time. The success of phytoremediation model was determined through some biotic diatoms indices (Percentage Pollution Tolerant Value/%PTV, Tropical Diatom Index/TDI and Shannon Wiener Diversity Index) as bioindicator and the improved water physics chemical quality on days 0, six, and 13 after incubation. The results showed that phytoremediation process using polyculture hydromacrophytes through batch culture system for 13 days significantly improving the quality of irrigation water. Based on some biotic diatom indices, the water was improved from heavily organic pollution to moderately organic pollution (%PTV), from hypereutrophic to become eutrophic (TDI) and from moderately polluted become slightly polluted (Shannon Wiener Diversity Index). This results also supported from water physico-chemical parameters. Poly-culture of some local hydromacrophytes for six days significantly decreased the organic matter content of irrigation water was reflected from the decrease concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand/BOD (14.79 mg/L to 3.61 mg/L), Total Suspended Solid/TSS (14.6 mg/L to 0.08 mg/L), turbidity (19.97 NTU to 1.46 NTU), nitrate (1.44 mg/L to 0.03 mg/L), orthophosphate (0.24 mg/L to 0.042 mg/L), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) (0.93 mg/L to 0.68 mg/L), and free chlorine (0.09 mg/L to 0.05 mg/L), while concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) decreased significantly 13 days after incubation from 48.3 mg/L to18.2 mg/L.

Next-Generation Sequencing of the Microbial Community Profile In Free-Range Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Cecum from East Nusa Tenggara Province: Microbial community profile in free-range chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) cecum Eufrasia Reneilda Arianti Lengur; Yoga Dwi Jatmiko; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Eko Widodo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.02.13

Free-range chicken is livestock reared to support the humans' need for protein alongside its ritualistic use in traditional medicine to treat diseases. This study investigates the diversity of bacterial communities in the free-range chicken cecum reared in different East Nusa Tenggara Province localities comprising Sambi 1, Sambi 2 villages, Labuan Bajo, and Kupang City. The extracted chromosomal DNA was subjected to next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region primers. Results revealed that the Kupang chicken cecum had the highest total tags, while the Sambi 2 village recorded the lowest. Similarly, Sambi 2 chicken cecum exhibited the highest unique tags (6662) and OTUs number (1261), while the Kupang samples gave the lowest at 2550 and 745, respectively. The Shannon diversity index for bacterial diversity demonstrated that cecum samples from Labuan Bajo (5.679) were more diverse than Sambi 1 (5.378), Sambi 2 (5.653), and Kupang samples (3.77). The bacteria with the highest dominance index (0.935) was found in Sambi 2, while the lowest was observed in the Kupang samples (0.082). The three bacterial phyla showing the highest relative abundance were those from Sambi 1, Sambi 2, and Labuan Bajo cecum samples, comprising Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota.Conversely, the Kupang samples showed an abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Campilobacterota, compared to the Lactobacillus-dominated Kupang, Sambi 1, and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples. The highest relative abundance for Bifidobacterium occurred in Sambi 1 and Sambi 2 chicken cecum samples, the Kupang samples were Campylobacter dominated, and Olsenella was abundant in the Labuan Bajo samples. Intriguingly, the bacterial composition in the tested chicken cecum samples largely comprised beneficial bacteria such as the lactic acid bacteria group. This bacterial group can be further characterized for obtaining probiotic cultures that could improve the health of free-range chickens.

Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field into an Organic Polyculture in Malang Regency, Indonesia: Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field Inayah, Durrotul; Mustafa, Irfan; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.13

Farmers in Malang cultivated rice intensively since 2019 due to water availability but reduce yields. It might also reduce soil productivity and increase pest attacks, so the conversion field to organic polyculture was needed using sorghum and legumes. The research aims were to evaluate soil fauna dynamics and soil properties in the three, six, and 12 months after converting (mac) into organic polyculture. Soil and micro-climate factors were recorded including air temperature (°C), day length (hours), rainfall (mm), water content (%), organic matter content (%), electrical conductivity (mS.m-1), pH, and soil bulk density (g.cm-3). Soil macrofauna was sampled using hand sorting (20 x 20 x 10 cm) with five plots at each field. Identified soil macrofauna was used to determine the density, frequency, Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Simpson Dominance Index (D), Diversity t-test, and Indicator Species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the interaction among abiotic factors and macrofauna using PAST 4.05. Results showed that the improvement of soil properties including soil organic matter and soil macrofauna was recorded at 6 mac compared to the intensive rice field, and continuously at 12 mac. The richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna taxa were higher in the converted field than in the intensive one due to organic polyculture. Moreover, we recorded a better proportion of detritivores and predators in the converted field after 12 months. Based on Indicator Species analysis, the dominant fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) in the intensive rice field might be considered as a potential indicator of unhealthy soil in the intensive rice fields. Whereas in the converted field the dominancy of these ants greatly decreased. We concluded that within 6 months conversion using the organic polyculture improved soil properties.

Assessment of Riparian Ecosystem Health in the Tamiang River, Aceh, Indonesia as Remains Habitat of Batagur borneoensis (Schlegel & Muller, 1844): Riparian Habitat Quality for Tuntong Laut (Batagur borneoensis) Saputra, Syifa; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang; Kurniawan , Nia; Retnaningdyah, Catur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.10

The riparian zone along the Tamiang River, Aceh Province, is an important habitat for the survival of the tuntong laut (Batagur borneoensis) which is already threatened with extinction. This study aims to evaluate the quality and role of the riparian zone as a habitat for B. borneoensis along the Tamiang River, which can then be used as a reference in conservation. Riparian habitat quality was assessed by calculating the Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera (QBR) index, which was determined based on the total riparian cover, cover structure, cover quality, and channel alteration. In addition, observations of water quality (salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO)) and the number of riparian vegetation species were also carried out. Monitoring was carried out at five stations: Iyu River, Kampung Baru, Batang Lawang, Pusong Kapal Dermaga, and Pusong Kapal. The results showed variations in water quality between locations with DO and turbidity levels exceeding the quality standards set by the government. The richness of the types of riparian vegetation found ranged from 0-8 species (seedlings), 2-7 species (saplings), and 1-4 species (poles). The quality of riparian habitats in all study locations experienced significant degradation, including the euhemerobic and polyhemerobic (Hemeroby) categories, Cultural assisted system and Semi-transformed system (Naturalness), and Extreme degradation to poor-fair quality (QBR). The presence of B. borneoensis in the research location can adapt to the poor quality of riparian habitat. However, the density decreases significantly at higher salinity.

Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity in Some Post-Coal Mining Revegetation Areas, South Kalimantan: Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity Fadhil Anshari, Muhammad; Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes , Adji; Setyo Leksono, Amin; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): In Press
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.06

Successful revegetation improves the whole ecosystem's integrity, including microbe habitat. The goal of this study is to monitor the success of hydroseeding applications in some post-coal mining revegetation areas using microbial diversity. This study was conducted by sampling soils at a reference site (HS) and three revegetation areas (Kuni, AR07, AH). Kuni represents a 12-year-old monoculture replantation area while AR07 and AH are representations of hydroseeded areas with different ages, 5.5 years and 3 months old. Soil samples were then analyzed to determine N, P, K, and CEC, and extracted using the CTAB/SDS method, resulting in the total genome DNA. The genes of 16S rRNA were amplified using a specific primer, followed by product quantification and purification. Sequencing libraries were generated using the NEBNext® UltraTM DNA Library Pre Kit for Illumina. The library was sequenced on Illumina platform, and 250 bp paired-end reads were generated. The data were then analyzed using Anova, biplot, and cluster analysis. Results showed that AR07 was the most similar site to HS based on soil chemical properties and had the highest value of all alpha diversity indices. The dominant presence of Burkholderiales in AH indicated improvement in soil chemical properties. The soil microbial diversity PCA analysis revealed that the similarity between HS and AH was high. It was indicating a better success of hydroseeding at AH with shorter revegetation time as compared to the monoculture replantation site in Kuni. Hydroseeding using local pioneer species is highly recommended for postcoal mining revegetation.

Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity in Some Post-Coal Mining Revegetation Areas, South Kalimantan: Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity Fadhil Anshari, Muhammad; Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes , Adji; Setyo Leksono, Amin; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.06

Successful revegetation improves the whole ecosystem's integrity, including microbe habitat. The goal of this study is to monitor the success of hydroseeding applications in some post-coal mining revegetation areas using microbial diversity. This study was conducted by sampling soils at a reference site (HS) and three revegetation areas (Kuni, AR07, AH). Kuni represents a 12-year-old monoculture replantation area while AR07 and AH are representations of hydroseeded areas with different ages, 5.5 years and 3 months old. Soil samples were then analyzed to determine N, P, K, and CEC, and extracted using the CTAB/SDS method, resulting in the total genome DNA. The genes of 16S rRNA were amplified using a specific primer, followed by product quantification and purification. Sequencing libraries were generated using the NEBNext® UltraTM DNA Library Pre Kit for Illumina. The library was sequenced on Illumina platform, and 250 bp paired-end reads were generated. The data were then analyzed using Anova, biplot, and cluster analysis. Results showed that AR07 was the most similar site to HS based on soil chemical properties and had the highest value of all alpha diversity indices. The dominant presence of Burkholderiales in AH indicated improvement in soil chemical properties. The soil microbial diversity PCA analysis revealed that the similarity between HS and AH was high. It was indicating a better success of hydroseeding at AH with shorter revegetation time as compared to the monoculture replantation site in Kuni. Hydroseeding using local pioneer species is highly recommended for postcoal mining revegetation.

Coastal Waterbirds Diversity, and Structure under Land Use Changes in the North Coastal of Situbondo, East Java: Coastal Waterbirds Diversity, and Structure under Land Use Changes in the Situbondo Coast, East Java Kartika Dewi, Yuni; Retnaningdyah, Catur; Setyo Leksono, Amin; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.15.01.02

Coast is suitable waterbirds habitat, but land use change could negatively influence the waterbirds life. The northern coast of Situbondo Regency, East Java Province, showed variations in land use quality. This study aims to analyze interaction between coastal land use changes on waterbirds diversity and community structure in the coast. Waterbird density was recorded based on the point count along the transect 100 m2 in six stations, namely Kampung Blekok, Tanjung Pecinan, Dubibir, Cemara, Banyuglugur, and Baluran National Park as the reference site. Land use quality in coastal areas was determined by satellites imagery. Habitat preference was determined by neu index. The results showed Tanjung Pecinan and Kampung Blekok stations were favourable waterbirds habitat, dominated by agriculture and low industry areas. These stasions better supported waterbird life and closed characters to Baluran one, where was dominated by mangrove forest and agriculture. This reference site showed highest diversity (H’ 2.26) and evenness (E 0.75), while preference habitat showed lower diversity (H’ 1.39) and evenness (E 0.29). On the contrary, Banyuglugur showed an industrial area, we found a low density species. Baluran and Kampung Blekok were habitat of three IUCN red list species, such as Ciconia episcopus, Charadius javanicus, and Leptoptilos javanicus.

Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field into an Organic Polyculture in Malang Regency, Indonesia: Soil Properties and Macrofauna Community in a Converted Intensive Rice Field Inayah, Durrotul; Mustafa, Irfan; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.13

Farmers in Malang cultivated rice intensively since 2019 due to water availability but reduce yields. It might also reduce soil productivity and increase pest attacks, so the conversion field to organic polyculture was needed using sorghum and legumes. The research aims were to evaluate soil fauna dynamics and soil properties in the three, six, and 12 months after converting (mac) into organic polyculture. Soil and micro-climate factors were recorded including air temperature (°C), day length (hours), rainfall (mm), water content (%), organic matter content (%), electrical conductivity (mS.m-1), pH, and soil bulk density (g.cm-3). Soil macrofauna was sampled using hand sorting (20 x 20 x 10 cm) with five plots at each field. Identified soil macrofauna was used to determine the density, frequency, Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Simpson Dominance Index (D), Diversity t-test, and Indicator Species. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the interaction among abiotic factors and macrofauna using PAST 4.05. Results showed that the improvement of soil properties including soil organic matter and soil macrofauna was recorded at 6 mac compared to the intensive rice field, and continuously at 12 mac. The richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna taxa were higher in the converted field than in the intensive one due to organic polyculture. Moreover, we recorded a better proportion of detritivores and predators in the converted field after 12 months. Based on Indicator Species analysis, the dominant fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) in the intensive rice field might be considered as a potential indicator of unhealthy soil in the intensive rice fields. Whereas in the converted field the dominancy of these ants greatly decreased. We concluded that within 6 months conversion using the organic polyculture improved soil properties.

Assessment of Riparian Ecosystem Health in the Tamiang River, Aceh, Indonesia as Remains Habitat of Batagur borneoensis (Schlegel & Muller, 1844): Riparian Habitat Quality for Tuntong Laut (Batagur borneoensis) Saputra, Syifa; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang; Kurniawan , Nia; Retnaningdyah, Catur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.10

The riparian zone along the Tamiang River, Aceh Province, is an important habitat for the survival of the tuntong laut (Batagur borneoensis) which is already threatened with extinction. This study aims to evaluate the quality and role of the riparian zone as a habitat for B. borneoensis along the Tamiang River, which can then be used as a reference in conservation. Riparian habitat quality was assessed by calculating the Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera (QBR) index, which was determined based on the total riparian cover, cover structure, cover quality, and channel alteration. In addition, observations of water quality (salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO)) and the number of riparian vegetation species were also carried out. Monitoring was carried out at five stations: Iyu River, Kampung Baru, Batang Lawang, Pusong Kapal Dermaga, and Pusong Kapal. The results showed variations in water quality between locations with DO and turbidity levels exceeding the quality standards set by the government. The richness of the types of riparian vegetation found ranged from 0-8 species (seedlings), 2-7 species (saplings), and 1-4 species (poles). The quality of riparian habitats in all study locations experienced significant degradation, including the euhemerobic and polyhemerobic (Hemeroby) categories, Cultural assisted system and Semi-transformed system (Naturalness), and Extreme degradation to poor-fair quality (QBR). The presence of B. borneoensis in the research location can adapt to the poor quality of riparian habitat. However, the density decreases significantly at higher salinity.

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