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Principal Component Analysis in the Animal Products Precooling Process Using Compressive Type Plate Cooler Surya Muttalib; Nursigit Bintoro; Joko Nugroho Karyadi; Arifin Dwi Saputro
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.182-193

Abstract

Precooling is a critical process in the post-harvest activities of vegetable and animal products. This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between animal products’ physical, mechanical, and chemical parameters and their relationship with the treatment combination of compressive force, cooling media, and type of animal product samples using a compressive type plate cooler. The research was carried out with three types of meat (beef, chicken, and fish), three compressive forces (0, 100, and 200 kg), and two types of cooling medium (ice cubes and dry ice). The results showed that PCA using XLSTAT could be used to reduce the number of parameters to two main components which could explain 75% of the total variation in the data set. PCA was able to group precooling treatments with cooling media based on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Treatments using ice media for all types of meat and compressive forces were grouped in quadrants I and II, while those using dry ice media were grouped in quadrants III and IV. Based on the type of meat sample, the results of PCA were able to group beef and chicken samples in quadrants I and IV, while tuna fish samples were in quadrants II and III. Keywords: Animal product, Cooling medium, Force compression, P recooling, PCA.
Kinetics of Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) Chips during Storage at Various Temperatures Munawwaroh, Fajriyah Dian; Rahayoe, Sri; Bintoro, Nursigit
agriTECH Vol 45, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.90014

Abstract

Porang chips are dried food products that easily absorb moisture from storage environment. This highlights the need for storing porang chips under appropriate environmental conditions to maintain quality by controlling temperatures and humidity of storage area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess quality characteristics of porang chips by analyzing the rate of change using the kinetics model and determining storage period at various temperatures. Porang chips were stored at a relative humidity (RH) of approximately 70% and temperatures of 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25℃, and 30 ℃ for 90 days. The parameters measured were moisture content, hardness, density, color, glucomannan, and ash content. The rate of quality change in hardness and density of chips was analyzed using the kinetics model that was validated through the Arrhenius equation. After the validation test confirmed its accuracy, storage period was determined based on the hardness parameter. The measurement of porang chips parameters was analyzed using ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test to assess the effect of storage temperatures. The results showed that storage temperatures affected hardness and density parameters but did not affect the color, glucomannan, and ash content. The kinetics analysis of changes in hardness and density of porang chips followed a zero-order reaction, showing that higher storage temperatures produced larger rate constant values. Validation using the Arrhenius equation yielded the following equations for density Y = -5154.5 + 9.1773 and hardness Y = -2152.4 + 2.3371. The determination of shelf life for porang chips based on the hardness parameter resulted in values of 386, 345, 312, and 271 days at storage temperatures of 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, and 30 ℃, respectively.
Principal Component Analysis in the Animal Products Precooling Process Using Compressive Type Plate Cooler Muttalib, Surya; Bintoro, Nursigit; Karyadi, Joko Nugroho; Saputro, Arifin Dwi
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.182-193

Abstract

Precooling is a critical process in the post-harvest activities of vegetable and animal products. This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between animal products’ physical, mechanical, and chemical parameters and their relationship with the treatment combination of compressive force, cooling media, and type of animal product samples using a compressive type plate cooler. The research was carried out with three types of meat (beef, chicken, and fish), three compressive forces (0, 100, and 200 kg), and two types of cooling medium (ice cubes and dry ice). The results showed that PCA using XLSTAT could be used to reduce the number of parameters to two main components which could explain 75% of the total variation in the data set. PCA was able to group precooling treatments with cooling media based on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Treatments using ice media for all types of meat and compressive forces were grouped in quadrants I and II, while those using dry ice media were grouped in quadrants III and IV. Based on the type of meat sample, the results of PCA were able to group beef and chicken samples in quadrants I and IV, while tuna fish samples were in quadrants II and III. Keywords: Animal product, Cooling medium, Force compression, P recooling, PCA.
The Effect of Various Drying Methods on the Quality of Rose (Rosa damascena) Tea Karyadi, Joko Nugroho Wahyu; Imaniar, Dintia Ibni; Akbar, Muhammad Adani; Marfu’ah, Siti; Ayuni, Dwi; Bintoro, Nursigit
agriTECH Vol 44, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.64918

Abstract

Rose petals is potential ingredient for making a herbal tea. This study was aimed to determine the effect of various drying methods on the physical and chemical properties of the dried rose. The methods tested were freeze drying (FD), cabinet drying (CD), and sunlight drying (SM). Several properties included final moisture content, bulk density, shrinkage ratio, rehydration ratio, color difference, flavonoid content, and surface microstructure of dried petals were examined. The results showed that the best-fit model for the prediction of CD was the firstorder kinetic model, with a drying rate constant of 0.0494% d.b./h. Meanwhile, both FD and SM required zero and first-order kinetics to effectively explain the drying characteristics. The drying constant rates for zero-order and first-order kinetics were 39.544 and 0.12% d.b./h for FD as well as 70.6 and 0.413%d.b./h for SM, respectively. The final moisture content of dried rose produced by FD, CD, and SM was 5, 12, and 10% wet basis (w.b), respectively. Based on the Indonesian National Standard, the maximum moisture content of packaged dried tea is 8% w.b. FD successfully reduced the shrinkage ratio to a range of 0.35 – 0.45. Freeze-dried rose petals at 40 °C temperature resulted in the highest flavonoid content of 5.65 g QE/100 g sample. In conclusion FD was the best drying method for producing herbal tea from rose petals. This method could be adopted as a new alternative for producing high-quality healthy herbal tea.
Analisis Korelasi Parameter Fisik Pasca Panen Buah Pisang Kepok Selama Penyimpanan dengan Metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA): Analysis of Post-Harvest Physical Parameter Correlation of Kepok Banana Fruit During Storage Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA Dimas Triardianto; Nursigit Bintoro
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Terapan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Februari
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25047/jtpt.v1i2.4704

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara tropis, memiliki letak geografis, iklim, dan sumber daya alam yang sangat mendukung pertumbuhan berbagai jenis tanaman produktif, termasuk buah pisang kepok. Pisang kepok, sebagai jenis buah klimaterik, menunjukkan tingkat respirasi dan produksi gas etilen (C2H4) yang tinggi setelah dipanen, menyebabkan proses fisiologis dan pematangan terus berlanjut hingga akhirnya buah menjadi layu dan membusuk selama penyimpanan. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) merupakan metode analisis yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi korelasi antar parameter. Dalam hasil analisis PCA, ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor tertentu dapat menjelaskan parameter etilen sebesar 97,7%; RO2 sebesar 50,7%; brix sebesar 97,4%; kadar air sebesar 57,3%; pH sebesar 77,8%; kadar air 87,3%; kekerasan sebesar 95,7; hue angle sebesar 97,4%, dan chroma sebesar 98,2%. Varians yang dijelaskan oleh PC 1 adalah sebesar 52,8%, sedangkan PC 2 menjelaskan sebesar 29,4%. Jumlah kontribusi kedua faktor tersebut adalah sebesar 82,2%. Korelasi antar parameter ini terjadi akibat peningkatan laju respirasi dan konsentrasi etilen, yang menyebabkan perubahan metabolisme pada parameter kualitas buah pisang kepok. Peningkatan nilai laju respirasi dan konsentrasi etilen berkorelasi sejalan dengan parameter kadar air, susut bobot, hue angle, dan chroma selama penyimpanan. Sebaliknya, peningkatan laju respirasi berkorelasi terbalik dengan nilai pH dan kekerasan.