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Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna Design for 2.4 GHz and 5.3 GHz WiFi Networks Muhammad Zainul Arifin; Syah Alam
International Journal Software Engineering and Computer Science (IJSECS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Komunitas Informasi Teknologi Aceh (KITA), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35870/ijsecs.v6i1.7143

Abstract

This study reports the design and simulation of a dual-band rectangular patch microstrip antenna intended for Wi-Fi applications at 2.4 GHz and 5.3 GHz. Initial patch dimensions were derived analytically at 2.4 GHz, then refined through an iterative optimization process involving the progressive insertion of vertical slots on the radiating patch. Three iterations were performed, each modifying slot length and width to shift the second resonant frequency toward the 5.3 GHz target while preserving the first resonance at 2.4 GHz. The finalized design resonated at approximately 2.49 GHz and 5.3 GHz, with return loss values of −16.11 dB and −15.5 dB, respectively — both satisfying the −10 dB threshold commonly adopted as the minimum criterion for acceptable antenna matching. VSWR values of 2.945 at 2.493 GHz and 2.613 at 5.3 GHz were recorded; these remain above the ideal upper bound of 2, indicating that impedance matching between the antenna and the feed line has not been fully resolved. Measured bandwidths were 143 MHz at 2.498 GHz and 2.8 MHz at 5.3 GHz, with the notably narrow bandwidth at the higher frequency representing a practical limitation that warrants further attention. Gain at 2.498 GHz reached 6.01 dBi, while the value at 5.2 GHz dropped to −4.369 dBi, suggesting that the slot geometry, though effective for frequency tuning, introduced radiation efficiency losses at the upper band. Taken together, the results confirm that vertical slot insertion is a viable technique for generating dual-band resonance in a rectangular patch microstrip antenna; the approach, however, requires additional refinement — particularly in impedance matching and upper-band gain recovery — before the design can be considered fully deployment-ready.
4×1 Quarter-Circle Notched array antenna with independent feeding for enhanced beam steering mechanism at C-band frequency Tri Nur Arifin; Ganjar Febriyani Pratiwi; Erfiana Wahyuningsih; Arief Budi Santiko; Suisbiyanto Prasetya; Dian Rusdiyanto; Syah Alam; Yohanes Galih Adhiyoga
SINERGI Vol. 30 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2026.2.008

Abstract

One of the main challenges in microstrip antenna design is achieving adaptive beam steering. Such mechanism cannot be realized using an antenna array with a corporate feeding technique; instead, each antenna element must be fed independently with specific phase differences to steer the beam as needed. This study aimed to develop a microstrip antenna that can adjust its beam direction by applying an independent feeding technique to a 4×1 microstrip array. The theoretical development focused on calculating the required progressive phase shifts for each antenna element to achieve target steering angles. The proposed beam steering mechanism was implemented using a power splitter and 6-bit digital phase shifters connected to each element of the novel array design. This configuration successfully achieved a beam steering range of approximately ±36°, resulting in a total coverage of about 72°. The simulation results showed that the 4×1 array antenna achieved a gain of 10.11 dBi. Fabrication and measurement of the single element antenna with Quarter-Circle Notched (QCN) elements worked at frequency of 3.47 – 3.57 GHz with a bandwidth of 100 MHz. The measured 4×1 QCN array demonstrated performance within 3.32 – 3.75 GHz, achieving a better bandwidth of 430 MHz. The results also demonstrated that optimal gain could be achieved by adjusting the element spacing. Furthermore, variations in phase shift had been shown to enhance the antenna's beam scanning capability beyond theoretical expectations.
Design and Optimization of Hydraulic Control Systems for Geothermal Flow Control Valve Stability Alfian Rangga Pradhivatama; Syah Alam
JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Issues July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jite.v10i1.17315

Abstract

Operational instability in Flow Control Valves (FCV) within Geothermal Power Plant (GPP) Circulating Water Systems (CWS) presents a significant challenge, leading to control hunting, elevated condenser levels, and degraded vacuum pressure, thereby compromising overall thermal efficiency. This study presents a systematic optimization of the FCV's Hydraulic Power Unit (HPU) control system, integrating Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Distributed Control System (DCS) frameworks. The methodology encompassed a comprehensive intervention involving: (1) meticulous tuning of PI control parameters, (2) mechanical and hydraulic refurbishment of the HPU, and (3) precise calibration of the 4-20 mA instrumentation signal. Post-implementation analysis revealed a profound enhancement in system stability. FCV deviation variance was drastically reduced from 0.87 to 0.20. This stabilization directly correlated with improved plant performance, evidenced by a 16% reduction in condenser level variance and an enhancement of the mean condenser vacuum from -0.73 to -0.74 bar. The findings demonstrate that this integrated PLC/DCS-based optimization provides a robust and effective solution for mitigating hydraulic control instability, enhancing CWS reliability, and improving the thermal efficiency of geothermal power generation
Design of Solar Electric Bicycle Based on Pulse Width Modulation on Throttle as DC Motor Speed Regulator Singgi Fadly; Chairul Gagarin Irianto; Syah Alam
Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 2 No. 6 (2024): Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/enrichment.v2i6.147

Abstract

Electric bicycles are designed to use renewable energy to support the government's efforts to reduce carbon emission consumption. Problems in every region or city regarding fueled vehicles certainly increase air pollution. Generally, electric bicycles are designed to be a solution and are used in daily life to carry out daily activities by requiring a bicycle gas throttle control that can assist the driver or person in controlling the speed of the electric bicycle. In this study, designing a solar electric bicycle as environmentally friendly energy based on PWM signals to determine the duty cycle value or duty cycle with an optimized PWM value can affect the speed system (km / h) in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) to determine the performance of the DC motor. The electric bicycle uses 30Wp solar power, two 12V 7.5 Ah batteries assembled in series, and a 24V 250W DC brushless motor. Based on the design results with a total weight of 37kg electric bicycle plus the weight of 55kg, 65kg, 75kg, and 85kg driver variations, the total controller power value is 163.44 watts. The results of duty cycle testing (duty cycle) were 25%, 50%, 75%, and 98%, with 249.9 as the maximum value of PWM and 9.8 Vout generated against the maximum speed of the electric bicycle of 2648 RPM or the equivalent of an electric bicycle speed of 18-28 km/hour. In this case, the electric bicycle is in a condition suitable for use to carry out daily activities by utilizing clean, cheap and appropriate energy
Co-Authors Abdullahi Tanko Mohammed Achmad Rifai Adhiyoga, Yohanes Galih Agam Yudi Putranto Albert Gifson Hutajulu Albert Gifson Hutajulu Alfian Rangga Pradhivatama Alfin Hikmaturokhman April Lia Hananto Arief Budi Santiko Aulia Anindya Dhanyswari Aulia Anindya Dhanyswari Bernadus Kbato Seigi Chairul Gagarin Irianto Chairul Rizki Daisman P.B. Aji Daisman Purnomo Bayyu Aji Diah Setiyowati Dian Rusdiyanto Dian Widi Astuti Dwindary Annisah Elisabet, Agatha Encep Zaenal Muttaqien Erby Virta Joseph Paays Erfiana Wahyuningsih Fahrul Solehudin Fahrul Solehudin Farras Hamidah Felani M Zen Firman Fauzi Galang Trihantoro Ganjar Febriyani Pratiwi Gunawan Tjahjadi Gusti Alga Maulana Ihwan Ghazali Ikbal Pratama Indra Sujati Indra Surjati Indra Surjati Indra Surjati Indra Surjati Indra Surjati Indra Surjati Iwan Purwanto Juliarto Karnadi Ken Paramayudha Lydia Sari Lydia Sari Maria Immaculata Lisa Prasetyani Masagus M. Ikhsan Assiddiq U.P. Mega Tri Kurnia Muhammad Idris Muhammad Ihsan Muhammad Ilham Muhammad Zainul Arifin Mujiono Mujiono Muslim Muslim Nadia Media Rizka Nur Rahma Yenita Permana Andi Paristiawan Permana Andi Paristiawan Pipit Dewi Marlina Pipit Suryandani Pudji Astuti R. Deiny Mardian Wijayapraja Ragil Iman Santoso Raissa Syafira Ridzki Saputro Sya’ban Rizka Shafira Rusdiyanto, Dian Samuel Netazi Saut Hotman Sentot Novianto Simon Jansen Saragi Singgi Fadly Solichah Laras Sri Hartanto Suisbiyanto Prasetya Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyanto Praptodiyono Suryadi Suryadi Teguh Firmansyah Teguh Firmansyah Tiara Kartika Putri Tri Nur Arifin Tri swasono adi Wahyu Ibrahim Wirdatul Usrah Yessi Kartini Gultom Yohanes Galih Adhiyoga Yuli K. Ningsih Yuli Kurnia Ningsih Yuli Kurnia Ningsih Zahriladha Zakaria Zikra Aulia Sanaz