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<![CDATA[PENCIRIAN DAN UJI AKTIVITAS KATALITIK ZEOLIT ALAM TERAKTIVASI ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena -]]>;
<![CDATA[Henny Purwaningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Tina Rosdiana]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2008): March ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v1i2.23
<![CDATA[  ABSTRACT Natural zeolite reserves are spread in Indonesia, but they are not yet used optimally. Generally, natural zeolite have poor crystalline, various pore size, low catalytic activity, and high contaminant. Natural zeolite need to be activated and modified before it can be used. The objectives of this research were to activite the natural zeolite that already got acid and thermal treatments and to characterize it and catalytic activity was tested in interesterification reaction. Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that the structure of natural zeolite activated by acid and thermal  (NZAT) treatments were damaged. While, natural zeolite structure activated with acid (natural zeolite acid /NZA) did not show significant different to natural zeolite (NZ). Result of Si/Al ratio analysis showed that Si/Al ratio NZA higer than Si/Al ratio NZAT. The result of cation analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy shoed that the general content of Na, K, Fe and Ca in the catalyst decreased because of acid and thermal treatments. Surface area and pore volume increased by the treatments. Catalytic activity of NZA in interesterification reaction gave a white cork product and in yield 35.78 %. Keywords : natural zeolite activated, catalytic activity, FTIR. ]]>
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite Coating on Alloys CoCrMo-TiN with Sol-Gel Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo]]>;
<![CDATA[Moch. Irgham Zuhfria]]>
<![CDATA[ IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 1, No 3 (2016): October 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) ]]>
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DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v1.i3.55
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTHydroxyapatite is synthesized by precipitation-sonification using calcium from field snail shell and powder phosphorus from (NH4)2HPO4. The calcium value was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer was 82.82%.The temperatures were varied on 600, 800, and 1000 oC to determine the best temperature of the coating. The best temperature was used to superimpose the HAp on the CoCrMo-TiN metal alloy using the modified sol-gel method. The layer on the metal alloy was identified with x-ray diffraction (XRD) and corrosion test. The XRD result showed that most of the CoCrMo-TiN metal alloy surface was coated by HAp. Beside HAp, there were several other phases such as calcium phosphate, carbonate apatite type A and type B. The best result of the corrosion test was showed in CoCrMo-TiN metal alloy coated with HAp with the smallest corrosion rate 0.0082 mpy.Keywords: hydroxyapatite, CoCrMo-TiN, precipitation-sonification, sol-gel modified]]>
<![CDATA[Utilization of Electrolyte Solution in Nanotube Formation on Ti-6Al-4V Metal Alloy ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Tetty Kemala]]>;
<![CDATA[Armi Wulanawati]]>
<![CDATA[ IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 3, No 1 (2018): February 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) ]]>
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DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v3.i1.01
<![CDATA[Formation of nanotube morphology on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V metal did not occur homogeneously, so when it was coated with hydroxyapatite, it did not merge well. One of the factor that affected the inhomogeneously formed nanotube was the utilization of electrolyte solution. The research has been done to observe the effect of electrolyte solution in the formation of nanotube morphology on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy. Electrolyte solution that was used was ethylene glycol, HF, and NH4F with time variation of an hour, 2 hour, and 3 hour. Formation of nanotube morphology on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy was done using anodization process. The result showed that in HF electrolyte solution which was anodized for an hour ɑ and β phase that composed Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy was formed, meanwhile when using electrolyte solution of ethylene glycol + NH4F for 2 hours showed that there were pores that opened on Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy surface. Nanotube morphology on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy was formed using electrolyte solution of ethylene glycol + NH4F which was anodized for 3 hours.]]>
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on TiAl Alloy Electrophoretic Deposition Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Irma Herawati Suparto]]>;
<![CDATA[Chonny Damayanti]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series No 4 (2017): 2nd International Seminar on Chemistry 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23546026.y2017i4.3071
<![CDATA[TiAl alloys is commonly used for bone implant applications because it has good biocompatibility. However, in long term usage of metal implants, metal release, which can harm the body, may occured. The metal release can be inhibited by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite coating on the metal surface using Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) method. EPD method carried out with 200 v for 40 and 60 minutes, to compare the impact of different interval time in producing the best product. The coated alloy was observed physically by SEM and showed that 60 minute-treatment produced better result. The XRD and FTIR analysis shows that the composite of hydroxyapatite-chitosan has successfully coated on TiAl alloy. The coated TiAl alloy also has low corrosion rate and could potentially be used as bone implants.]]>
<![CDATA[Cadmium Adsorption Capacity on Inceptisols Brebes and its Uptake by Shallot as Plant Indicator ]]>
<![CDATA[LADY R. WIDOWATI]]>;
<![CDATA[L.I NURHAYATI]]>;
<![CDATA[. CHARLENA]]>;
<![CDATA[S. SRI DWININGSIH]]>;
<![CDATA[J. SRI ADININGSIH]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 21 (2003): Desember 2003 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian ]]>
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DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n21.2003.%p
<![CDATA[A research had been done in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Center for Soil and Agroclimate Research and Developmant to study cadmium adsorption capacity, availability, and its uptake by shallot as plant indicator in order to antisipate Cd pollution in soil and plant in the future. The steps of the research were adsorption study in the laboratoryand followed by greenhouse trial. Cadmium adsorption study was using the rate of 0; 10; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; and 100 ppm. The trial on response and plant uptake on cadmium used 2 kg soil pot-1 then planted with shallot var. Bima for 2 months. The experiment utilized completely randomized design with six treatments and three replicates. The rates of Cd were 0; 25; 50; 100; 200; and 400 ppm Cd (Cd(NO3)2). The results showed that Inceptisols Brebes adsorption, maximum adsorption, andbuffering capacity are 14.78 ml μg-1; 879 μg g-1 and 12,987 ml μg-1, respectively. The cadmium availability in the soil could be calculated by using the equation: Cdexchangeable = 0.0532(Cdapplied) – 1.6757, r2 = 0.9686 (after treatment); Cdexchangeable = 0.0671(Cdapplied) + 0.924, r2 = 0.9903 (after harvest). Application of 50 ppm Cd reduced shallot production up to 31% significant with total uptake of 4.57 ppm Cd. The Cd uptake increased significantly for treatment 25 ppm, Cd in shallot tuber(2.36 mg Cd per kg dry weight), and at 200 ppm Cd in leaves (7.16 mg kg-1). The cadmium content in tuber at treatment 2 ppm Cd (2.36 ppm Cd) exceeds critical value/permissible limit of vegetable for consumption.]]>
<![CDATA[Coating of Nanotube Ti6Al4V Alloy with Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Tetty Kemala]]>;
<![CDATA[Ravena Ravena]]>
<![CDATA[ IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 7, No 2 (2022): June 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) ]]>
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DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v7.i2.58
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be applied as a bone implant material. HAp was composited with chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and coated to Ti6Al4V to improve its biocompatibility. The composite HAp-chitosan-PVA coated to anodized and unanodized Ti6Al4V. Modification of the Ti6Al4V surface by anodizing was done using a 20 V voltage. The Ti6Al4V metal alloy was coated with a composite using the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method with a voltage of 80 V. The coated composites in Ti6Al4V nanotubes and non-nanotubes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), corrosion test with potentiostat, and in vitro bioactivity test with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The XRD results showed a distinctive peak indicating that the composite comprises HAp and Ti. The SEM Ti6Al4V nanotube results show a pore size of 24 nm. The FTIR results show that there were functional groups of HAp, chitosan, and PVA. The corrosion rate on Ti6Al4V nanotubes without coating was greater than with coating. The In vitro bioactivity test showed that the decrease of Ca2+ Ti6Al4V nanotube concentration was faster compared to non-nanotube Ti6Al4V.]]>
<![CDATA[Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Green Mussel Shell with Sol-Gel Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhiruddin Maddu]]>;
<![CDATA[Tatang Hidayat]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 8, No. 2, November 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27494
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a major component of bones and teeth. HAp is widely used to repair, fill, extend, and reconstruct damaged bone tissue. HAp is used for bone and dental implants, so it is necessary to synthesize HAp. HAp synthesis can utilize green mussel shell waste as a calcium precursor. This research synthesized HAp from a green mussel shell using the sol-gel method. The controlled synthesis parameter was pH, and the variable being compared was the heating temperature at 900 and 1100 °C. The HAp products were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that HAp was formed at alkaline pH, namely at pH 11. The XRD pattern showed that Hap was formed along with type A apatite carbonate, octacalcium phosphate, α- and β-tricalcium phosphate. The crystallinity was increased by raising the temperature and prolonging the heating time. The quality of HAp will improve with increasing crystallinity, and increasing the temperature will also raise the amount of HAp formed.]]>
<![CDATA[Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Polymesoda placans Shell using Wet Precipitation Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Irma Herawati Suparto]]>;
<![CDATA[Daniel Putra Oktavianus Laia]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sam Ratulangi ]]>
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DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v13i1.47454
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioceramic material that has chemical components similar to bone and teeth. Further development and exploration of calcium sources continued to be done to synthesize HAp. The purpose of this research was to synthesize HAp from the shell of Polymesoda placans using the wet precipitation method. The synthesis used in this study was by reacting calsium hydroxide from the shells and diammonium hydrogen phosphate as a phosphate precursor with the sintering temperatures of 600, 800, 1000, and 1100 oC and pH 9, 10 dan 11. Based on the X-ray diffraction spectrum, the best sintering temperature was 1000 oC with pH of 10-11 because it revealed the highest crystallinity (90.1 %). Functional groups analyzed by Fourier transform infrared showed that there were PO43-, OH- , and CO32- groups in the HAp. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed uniform granule particles with particle sizes of 0.3-1.6 µm.]]>
<![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite-ZnO Biomimetic Toothpaste Formulation from Rice Snail Shell Waste ]]>
<![CDATA[Wisaeni Intannia]]>;
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Irma Herawati Suparto]]>
<![CDATA[ Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): July ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya ]]>
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DOI: 10.26554/sti.2023.8.3.486-493
<![CDATA[Toothpaste is a preparation for dental treatment to clean, beautify, and replace minerals that decay from the surface of the teeth. Prevention of damage to the mineral layer of the teeth, the addition of remineralizing agents to toothpaste preparations in the form of hydroxyapatite-ZnO composites is carried out. This study aims to synthesize and characterize hydroxyapatite-ZnO, as well as to formulate hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste from rice field conch shell waste. Hydroxyapatite-ZnO composites have been successfully synthesized using the sol-gel method and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). The XRD result obtained a crystal size of 59.90 nm with a crystallinity percentage of 68.85%. The absorption band at a wave number of 452 cm−1 is an indication that the ZnO compound has been successfully combined with hydroxyapatite. SEM-EDX analysis showed that the morphology of the compound was granular with a rough surface, uneven size, and shape. The results of the hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste formulation in the 45% formula had good physical stability compared to other formulas. The antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste preparations showed a very strong inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The results of the hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste formulation in the 45% formula had good physical stability compared to other formulas. The antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste preparations showed a very strong inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The results of the hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste formulation in the 45% formula had good physical stability compared to other formulas. The antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite-ZnO toothpaste preparations showed a very strong inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans bacteria.]]>
<![CDATA[VARIATION OF SINTERING TEMPERATURE IN THE SYNTHESIS OF FLUORAPATITE FROM SNAIL SHELLS (Achatina fulica) USING THE SOL-GEL METHOD ]]>
<![CDATA[Charlena Charlena]]>;
<![CDATA[Yessie Widya Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Wulan Islamia]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Tanjungpura University ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v6i3.67697
<![CDATA[Dental caries can cause porous cavities and even broken teeth, necessitating natural teeth extraction and replacement with implants. Fluorapatite, a dental implant material, can be synthesized from snail shells containing 98% calcium carbonate. This study aims to identify the characteristics of fluorapatite and determine the effect of variations in sintering temperature on the synthesis of fluorapatite made from snail shells using the sol-gel method. Variations of sintering temperature used are 700, 900, and 1100 °C. The results showed that fluorapatite synthesized with the sintering temperature of 900 °C demonstrates the highest crystallinity, according to the diffractogram results, there is an 83% presence of the apatite phase at an angle of 31.8126°, with a crystal size of 79 nm and a particle size of 0.5 µm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis on the sample showed the presence of OH, OH−F, and PO43− functional groups. The sample showed a spongy surface morphology with hexagonal-shaped flowers—a Ca/P molarity ratio 1.67]]>
