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All Journal Masalah-Masalah Hukum Jurnal Akta Jurnal Hukum Acara Perdata ADHAPER Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Repertorium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Kenotariatan JURNAL RECHTENS Jurnal Hukum Acara Perdata Syntax Idea Jurnal Syntax Transformation Jurnal Scientia CENDEKIA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan SOCIAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPS International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) HUKMY : Jurnal Hukum Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah
Moh. Ali
Dosen Pengajar Hukum Acara Perdata Dan Hukum Acara Peradilan Agama Pada Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember
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REGULATORY HARMONIZATION OF NOTARIAL LAW IN THE ERA OF SMART CONTRACTS: TOWARDS THE LEGALIZATION OF CYBER NOTARY IN INDONESIA Iqbal Habibie; Nuzulia Kumala Sari; Moh. Ali
CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/cendekia.v6i4.12798

Abstract

ABSTRACT The development of blockchain technology and smart contracts has transformed the mechanisms governing the formation and execution of legal relationships in digital transactions. This transformation poses significant challenges to Indonesia's notarial system, as the existing regulatory framework continues to rely on conventional authentication through physical presence, paper-based documentation, and direct verification, while the legal framework governing cyber notary remains insufficient. This study aims to analyze the urgency of legalizing cyber notary through the harmonization of notarial regulations in response to the advancement of smart contracts. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, with a prescriptive analysis of notarial law and electronic transaction regulations. The findings reveal regulatory disharmony concerning the recognition of electronic deeds, digital identity verification, virtual appearances of parties, and the authority of notaries in blockchain-based transactions, resulting in legal uncertainty and limiting the optimal role of notaries within the digital legal ecosystem. Based on these findings, the study recommends regulatory harmonization through the formal legal recognition of cyber notary, the strengthening of electronic authentication mechanisms, the regulation of virtual appearances of parties, the recognition of electronic deeds as authentic legal instruments, and the authorization of notaries to verify smart contracts in blockchain-based transactions. These recommendations provide a fundamental basis for strengthening legal certainty, legal protection, and the institutional capacity of the notarial profession in responding to the ongoing transformation of the digital legal landscape. ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi blockchain dan smart contract telah mengubah mekanisme pembentukan dan pelaksanaan hubungan hukum dalam transaksi digital. Perubahan tersebut menghadirkan tantangan bagi sistem kenotariatan di Indonesia karena regulasi yang berlaku masih bertumpu pada autentikasi konvensional melalui kehadiran fisik, dokumen tertulis, dan verifikasi langsung, sementara pengaturan mengenai cyber notary belum memiliki landasan hukum yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis urgensi legalisasi cyber notary melalui harmonisasi regulasi kenotariatan sebagai respons terhadap perkembangan smart contract. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif yang dianalisis secara preskriptif terhadap ketentuan hukum kenotariatan serta hukum transaksi elektronik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya disharmoni regulasi terkait pengakuan akta elektronik, verifikasi identitas digital, kehadiran virtual para pihak, dan kewenangan notaris dalam transaksi berbasis blockchain, yang berdampak pada munculnya ketidakpastian hukum serta belum optimalnya peran notaris dalam ekosistem digital. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian merekomendasikan harmonisasi regulasi melalui pengakuan yuridis cyber notary, penguatan mekanisme autentikasi elektronik, pengaturan kehadiran virtual para pihak, pengakuan akta elektronik sebagai alat bukti autentik, serta pemberian kewenangan kepada notaris untuk melakukan verifikasi smart contract dalam transaksi berbasis blockchain. Rekomendasi tersebut menjadi fondasi bagi penguatan kepastian hukum, perlindungan hukum, dan peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan kenotariatan dalam menghadapi transformasi hukum di era digital.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Penyedia Atas Pemutusan Sepihak Kontrak Konstruksi Dalam Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah Khaulah Sayu Ramadhani; Ermanto Fahamsyah; Mohammad Ali
Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik Vol. 6 No. 1: Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/jequi.v6i1.168

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap penyedia pada kontrak konstruksi yang diputus secara sepihak, dan mengetahui bagaimana konsep kedepan agar kontrak konstruksi memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi penyedia. Metode penelitan yang digunakan yakni yuridis normatif (legal research). Pendekatan masalah yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan ialah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan non hukum. Pelaksanaan pekerjaan konstruksi diatur melalui Kontrak Kerja Konstruksi, yang secara hukum mengikat pengguna dan penyedia jasa konstruksi. Hal itu diatur dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018, PerLKPP Nomor 12 Tahun 2021, UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi. Kontrak Konstruksi sering kali dihadapkan pada berbagai masalah. Bahkan, hampir tidak ada Kontrak Konstruksi yang bebas dari masalah. Kontrak Konstruksi sering kali dihadapkan pada berbagai masalah seperti pemutusan kontrak secara sepihak. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah penyedia lalai menyelesaikan pekerjaan sebagaimana tercantum dalam kontrak atau tidak memperbaiki kelalaiannya setelah pemberian kesempatan. Meski klausul pemutusan kontrak telah tercantum dalam surat perjanjian. Namun, pemutusan kontrak secara sepihak banyak menuai permasalahan karena pertimbangan pemberian kesempatan masih belum diatur secara tegas. Oleh karena itu, perlu perlindungan hukum bagi penyedia untuk meminimalisir permasalahan tersebut.
The Legal Implications of Bankruptcy on the Joint Property of Spouses Without a Prenuptial Agreement Fania Putri Pradana; Dominikus Rato; Moh. Ali
Repertorium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Kenotariatan Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Repertorium
Publisher : Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/rpt.v15i1.5568

Abstract

Marriage as a legal institution not only gives rise to a personal relationship between husband and wife, but also produces significant legal consequences for the status of property. Within the Indonesian positive-law system, the regulation of marital property is a crucial aspect, particularly when a legal event in the form of the bankruptcy of one of the parties to the marriage occurs. The problem becomes even more complex where the marriage is contracted without a prenuptial agreement governing the separation of property. This study aims to analyse the legal regulation of marital property under positive law in Indonesia and to examine the legal implications for marital property in the event of the bankruptcy of a husband or wife in the absence of a prenuptial agreement. The research method employed is normative juridical, using a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The statute approach is carried out through an examination of the Marriage Law, the Civil Code, and the Bankruptcy and Suspension of Payment (PKPU) Law, while the conceptual approach is used to examine the principles, doctrines, and legal concepts relating to joint property and bankruptcy. The results show that in marriages without a prenuptial agreement the principle of community of property applies, so that property acquired during the marriage is qualified as joint property. If one of the parties is declared bankrupt, the joint property is in principle absorbed into the bankruptcy estate (boedel pailit) and administered by the curator for the benefit of the creditors. Nevertheless, the law continues to protect brought-in property (harta bawaan) and personal property acquired through gift or inheritance. This study affirms the importance of understanding and regulating marital property as a preventive measure to minimise the legal risks arising from bankruptcy in a marriage.
Keabsahan Akta Elektronik dalam Perspektif Hukum Kenotariatan dan Keadaan Memaksa Bagus Eko Tri Cahyono; Nuzulia Kumala Sari; Moh. Ali
Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Juni: Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : Universitas 45 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30640/dewantara.v5i2.6795

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology has driven transformation across various sectors, including notarial practices through digitalization and the concept of cyber notary. However, the existence of electronic deeds within the Indonesian legal system continues to raise issues regarding their legal validity, particularly in relation to the formal requirements for authentic deeds. This study aims to analyze the possibility of executing electronic deeds from the perspective of notarial law and to examine whether force majeure (overmacht), such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can serve as a legal justification for such practices. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that, normatively, electronic deeds are not yet fully accommodated under Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position, which still requires the physical presence of the parties before a notary as an essential element of authenticity. Although Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions recognizes electronic documents as valid legal evidence, such recognition does not automatically grant electronic deeds the status of authentic deeds within the notarial framework. Furthermore, force majeure conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be used as a legal basis to override formal legal requirements, but rather function as a justification for the inability to fulfill certain legal obligations. Therefore, regulatory reform is necessary to accommodate technological advancements while maintaining the principles of prudence and legal certainty in notarial practice, particularly in addressing extraordinary circumstances in the future.
Co-Authors Ahmad Mukhlasul Abidin Ahmad Tholabi Ainul Azizah Anang Suindro Anggi Tamamia Septanti Anisa Solekha Annisa Zerlina Cindy Gayatri Bagus Eko Tri Cahyono Bayu Dwi Anggono Chairil Lailia Maharani Dani Harianto Dominikus Rato Dyah Ochtorina Susanti Emanto Fahamsyah Ermanto Fahamsyah Fania Putri Pradana Fendi Setyawan Firman Floranta A Indyravastha Rezhana Iqbal Habibie Khaulah Sayu Ramadhani M. Khoidin M. Noor Harisudin Moh. Reza Dedi Putra Muh Fanny Chamdani Novia Eka Maghfiroh Nurin Dyasti Pratiwi Nuzulia Kumala Sari Nuzulia Kumala Sari Rahmadi Indra Tektona Rama Dwijaya Rastra Ardani Irawan Suparman Suwardi