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Eko Hary Pudjiwati
Universitas Borneo Tarakan
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Cucumber-Peanut Intercropping: The Effects on Vegetative Growth and Yield Productivity Mardhiana; Eko Hary Pudjiwati; Nurul Chairiyah; Junarius bin Yakobus; Muh. Adiwena
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i1.12758

Abstract

Intercropping is acknowledged as an effective agricultural intensification strategy for limited land. Planting time is an important factor in intercropping systems because it may intensify canopy overlap and shading, particularly because both crops rely on the C3 photosynthetic pathway, potentially reducing growth and yield. This study examined the effect of different planting times for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The study was conducted from October 2023 to February 2024 with a one-factor randomized block design. Five treatments were applied: simultaneous planting and cucumber planting at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after peanuts, each replicated five times. Several data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F-test), followed by Tukey’s HSD test at the 5% significance level. This study confirms that differences in planting time between cucumbers and peanuts significantly affect soil macronutrient dynamics, growth and production, and land use efficiency. Soil macronutrient analysis showed that simultaneous planting (P1) resulted the highest soil nitrogen increase (0.38%). However, this treatment also caused a reduction in phosphorus to 15.15 mg per 100 g of soil and potassium to 13.48 mg per 100 g of soil. In contrast, excessive delay (P5) caused nitrogen to drop to 0.11% and phosphorus to decline to 14.19 mg per 100 g soil, despite potassium remaining relatively high (17.87 mg per 100 g of soil). Simultaneous planting produced the highest vegetative growth of cucumber, with an average of 40.68 leaves per plant, the greatest fruit length (22.16 cm), individual fruit weight (414.55 g), and total fruit weight per plant (2498.39 g). Delaying cucumber planting resulted in the lowest value of 828.45 g in P5. The highest pod weight was recorded in P1 at 62.46 g per plant. In contrast, planting cucumbers one week after peanuts (P2) resulted in the lowest peanut yield, at only 47.14 g per plant. All treatments achieved LER values greater than 1, confirming the superiority of intercropping over monoculture. The highest LER was obtained in P1 (1.61). In conclusion, simultaneous planting of cucumbers and peanuts provides the most optimal balance between soil nutrient utilization, crop growth, yield, and land use efficiency. Therefore, synchronized planting time is a key management strategy for improving productivity and sustainability in cucumber–peanut intercropping systems under limited land conditions.
Kajian Ketahanan Terinduksi Cabai Rawit Terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Menggunakan Kitosan: Study of Induced Resistance in Chili Pepper Against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Using Chitosan Eko Hary Pudjiwati; Siti Zahara; Nur Indah Mansyur
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v14i1.7913

Abstract

Penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides merupakan kendala utama dalam budidaya cabai rawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi kitosan sebagai agen penginduksi ketahanan tanaman (ISR) dan biostimulan, serta membandingkan efektivitasnya dengan fungisida dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa berdasarkan waktu aplikasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan delapan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari Kontrol Negatif (P0-: tanpa inokulasi/pengendalian), Kontrol Positif (P0+: inokulasi penyakit), tiga variasi waktu aplikasi fungisida (P1, P2, P3), dan tiga variasi waktu aplikasi kitosan (P4, P5, P6). Waktu aplikasi yang diuji adalah dua minggu sebelum inokulasi, bersamaan inokulasi, dan dua minggu setelah inokulasi. Parameter yang diamati meliputi intensitas serangan antraknosa pada daun dan buah, efektivitas pengendalian, serta parameter pertumbuhan tanaman (jumlah akar, panjang akar, berat basah dan kering akar serta berat basah dan kering tajuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kitosan efektif dan setara dengan fungisida dalam menekan intensitas serangan antraknosa. Perlakuan aplikasi kitosan dua minggu sebelum inokulasi (P4) memberikan hasil yang paling optimal, yaitu intensitas serangan pada buah yang paling rendah (38,6%) dan efektivitas pengendalian yang paling tinggi (19,99%). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa aplikasi kitosan di awal berperan kuat dalam menginduksi sistem pertahanan tanaman sebelum patogen menyerang. Selain itu, kitosan juga berfungsi sebagai biostimulan yang signifikan meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif, ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan berat basah/kering serta perkembangan akar dan tajuk. Anthracnose disease, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a major constraint in chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) cultivation. This research aimed to investigate the potential of chitosan as an agent for inducing plant resistance (ISR) and as a biostimulant, while comparing its effectiveness with fungicides in controlling anthracnose based on different application timings. The study employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. Treatments included Negative Control (P0-: no inoculation/no control), Positive Control (P0+: disease inoculation), three variations of fungicide application timing (P1, P2, P3), and three variations of chitosan application timing (P4, P5, P6). The application timings tested were two weeks before inoculation, simultaneous with inoculation, and two weeks after inoculation. Observed parameters included the incidence and severity of leaf and fruit anthracnose, control effectiveness, and plant growth parameters (number of roots, length of roots, fresh and dry root weight, and fresh and dry shoot weight,). The results showed that the use of chitosan was effective and comparable to fungicides in suppressing anthracnose severity. The treatment involving chitosan application two weeks before inoculation (P4) yielded the most optimal results, exhibiting the lowest fruit anthracnose severity (38.6%) and the highest control effectiveness (19.99%). This indicates that early chitosan application plays a strong role in inducing the plant's defense system before patogen attack. Furthermore, chitosan also functioned as a biostimulant, significantly enhancing vegetative growth, as evidenced by the increase in fresh/dry weight and the development of both roots and shoots.
Co-Authors Aditya Murtilaksono Ai Siti Mariam Amarullah Amarullah Amarullah, Amarullah Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Dewi Sartika Duta Delon Asmina Eso Solihin Jamaludin Jamaludin Junarius bin Yakobus Mardhiana Mardhiana Maulana, Haris Muhammad Adiwena Nur Faradila Sari Nur Indah Mansyur Nuraida Binti Hamid Nurjanah Nurjanah Nurmaisah Nurmaisah Nurul Chairiyah Samjon Samjon Santoso, Dwi Siti Zahara Siti Zahara