Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KEMENYAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ORGANIK Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 8 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

This experiment is intended to improve the quality of the several types of benzoin by using an aceton solvent. The benzoin consisted of four samples with decreasing order of quality: "mata kasar", "mata halus", "jurur" and "abu". All of these samples were obtained from Tarutung North Sumatera. A general linear models procedure in the SAS computer package was employed to analyze the effect of the acetone solvent extraction and benzoin quality on physico chemical properties of benzoin.Results showed that the acetone solvent extraction. type of benzoin and the interaction of both gave a highly significant effect on moisture contens. Softening points, number of saponifications, solubility in ethanol. ash contents. benzoin acid, calculated as cinnamic acids; except the effect of interaction on softening points. Furthermore, the LSD analysis between means indicated that there were significant differences on physico - chemical properties among the type of benzoin, exclude the means value of solubility in alcohol between "mata kasar" and "mata halus". and between "jurur" and "abu". There was also no significant difference on an ash content means value between "mata kasar" and "mata halus". This aceton solvent extraction increased tire quality of "mata kasar" and "mata halus" benzoin to meet the first and tire second quality requirement of the Indonesian National Standard. respectively. However, the softening point of jurur benzoin did not meet second quality requirement of this standard. Overall, the aceton solvent extraction can improve the quality of benzoin as indicated by an increase in benzoin value, calculated as cinnamic acids, and a decrease in dirt content value.

ANATOMI KAYU GAHARU (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) DAN BEBERAPA JENIS SEKERABAT Y I Mandang; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 2 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Anatomical characteristics of five "gaharu " wood species, Aquilaria malaccensis. Aetoxyl sympetalum. Gonystylus bancanus, Gonystylus macrophyllus, and Gyrinops versteeghii were described and compared, to find out how to identify and differentiate gaharu wood by their taxa. The knowledge of the difference between Aquilaria malaccensis, which has been listed in Appendix II CITES. from other gaharu wood that have not been listed, would be advantages in supporting the conservation of A. malaccensis as well as in promoting the utilization of the other gaharu wood species.The result of study indicated that all gaharu wood examined have several same features: 1) fibers with distinctly bordered pit at radial face and tend to be arranged in two series: 2) intervessel pit small, .4-7 microns: 3) rays of commonly uniseriate. Both Aquilaria malaccensis and Gyrinops versteeghii have included phloem, while the other three gaharu wood species do not contain included phloem. Aquilaria malaccensis that has been listed in Appendix II CITES could be differentiated from Gyrinops versteeghii based on vessel characteristics. aquilaria malaccensis has medium vessel diameter, 100-200 microns, frequency less than 10 vessels per sq. mm. and radial multiples of 2-4 cells. Gyrinops versteeghii has moderately small vessel diameter, less than 100 microns, frequency more than 10 vessels per sq. mm, and radial multiples of 2 -6 cells.Aetoxylon sympetalum and Gonystylus spp. are together characterized by the presence of aliform and confluent parenchyma and the occurrence of prismatic and styloid crystals in ray tissue. The presence of very thick walled fibers and rays of 1-2 to 3 seriate wide, could be used to differentiate Actoxylon sympetalum from Gonystylus spp. The latter have fibers of medium thickness and rays of commonly uniseriate.

PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU PEMASAKAN BIJI KEMIRI TERHADAP SIFAT MINYAKNYA Erra Yusnita; Bambang Wiyono; Dendi Setyawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 17, No 2 (1999): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh suhu dan waktu pemasakan biji kemiri terhadap sifat fisiko - kimia minyak kemiri, sehingga didapat kondisi pemasakan biji yang terbaik : Rancangan percobaan yang dipergunakan adalah Acak Lengkap Faktorial,yang terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu suhu pemasakan (A) dan waktu pemasakan (B). Faktor A dalam 3 taraf yaitu 950C, 1050C, 1150C, sedangkan faktor B dalam 4 taraf yaitu 20, 30, 40, 50 menit.Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu pemasakan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap rendemen, bobot jenis, indeks bias dan bilangan peroksida minyak kemiri. Waktu pemasakan berpengaruh nyata pada viskositas dan kadar asam lemak bebas, tetapi berpengaruh sangat nyata pada bilangan iod. Juga didapatkan bahwa suhu dan waktu pemasakan, serta interaksi kedua faktor berpengaruh sangat nyata pada bilangan penyabunan minyak kemiri. Interaksi kedua faktor hanya berpengaruh terhadap kejemihan (transmisi).Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak kemiri yang tinggi dengan sifat fisiko kimia yang baik diperoleh dari kombinasi suhu 950C dan waktu pemasakan 30 menit, yaitu 52,72 %, dengan sifat fisiko kimia yang dapat bersaing dengan minyak biji rami yaitu : bobot jenis 0,9268, indeks bias 1,4739, viskositas 50,37 cp, transmisi 79,30 %, kadar asam lemak bebas 1,6380%, bilangan iod 158,75, bilangan peroksida 1,1572 mg 02 per 100 gr, dan bilangan penyabunan 191.12. Altematif lain kombinasi suhu dan waktu pemasakan adalah pada suhu 105°C dan waktupemasakan 20 menit.

PENGARUH BAHAN BAKU DAN PEREKAT UREA-FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT PAPAN SERAT Rena M Siagian; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Properties of hardboard are not only effected by the raw material used and the basic manufacturing process employed but influenced by subsequent processing of treatment such as gluing, impregnation, heat treatment and oil tempering. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of raw material and urea-formaldehyde adhe11ive on hardboard properties. The raw material comprise of yute (Corchorus capsularis L), rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffae L), kena; (H. cannabinus), linum (Linum usitatissimum L), dan lamtorogung (Leucaena leucocephalla). The level of the urea-formaldehyde adhesive incooperated in the experiment were 0 and 1.5 per cent based on oven dry pulp.The results indicate that the raw material used for hardboard making has a significant effect on pulp yield, alkali consumption, water absorption, tensile strength parallel to surface, and modulus of rupture. Tensile strength parallel to surface of hardboard was significantly effected by adding urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The hardboard made of kenaf has the highest tensile strength parallel to surface, and modulus of rupture, and high water absorption. For decreasing the latest properties, perhaps phenol formaldehyde. can be added to the stock.

EKSTRAKSI LILIN DAUN PINUS DENGAN TEKNOLOGI SUPERKRITIKALFLUIDA CO2 Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 7 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.7.283-292

The objectives of this research is to study the influence of flushing activities on crude waxes yield, and to study the extraction of waxes from pine needles by using supercritical fluid C02 technology. The extraction was carried out at an 400C extraction temperature and at various extraction pressures. consisting of 9,14,24 and 30 MPa. Crude waxes were precipitated in the first cold trap at 6-7 MPa intermediate pressure and 00C, and the rest of it was precipitated in the second cold trap at an 0,1 MPa with a similar temperature. After extraction, it was always followed by flushing activities through two steps to get waxes which still remained in the valves and or in the line on the system. First flushing was performed with supercritical fluid extraction without any sample in the extraction cell. The second flushing was conducted with a chloroform solvent. Pure waxes of were purified and analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).Results indicated that the flushing activities with supercritical fluid extraction without any sample in the extraction cell followed by a chloroform solvent had agreat effect on crude waxes yield. At a 30 MPa extraction pressure and at an 40°C extraction temperature, supercritical fluid extraction with flushing gave crude wax yield four time greater than the cude waxes yield obtained by supercritical fluid extraction without any flushing, even to the crude waxes yield from the chlorofrom solvent extraction. The increase in extraction pressure caused an increase in crude waxes, both obtained from the first and the second cold traps. Moreover, HPLC analysis of pure waxes revealed that the elution of pure waxes took 3.70 - 3.90 minutes. lt was also shown that an increase in extraction pressure led to an increase in pure waxes.

ANAUSIS KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK TERPENTIN DARI CIANJUR DAN REKALONGAN TIMUR Abdul Hakim Lukman; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 6 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.8.6.243-246

77&e purpoae of the study is to identify chemical oomponents of turpentine oils from Ciaft.;ur, West Java, and Pekalongan flmlD', Central Java. The analysia was conducted using Gas Chromatography method, The relative retention time of . thfl standard solution. before the emergence of apinene peak was predetermined prior to the analyaisof the apine111 of the 1amplea.The peak areaof each chemical components was then calculated by normalization method .• • . 7'ae ~lta showed !hat there are res~ctively, _ 12 and 7 compo.nent8.of turpe'!ti1!Bidenti.fied from samples.from CiatVuraruf Pekalongan TimlD'. The chemical components of turpentine 011 'from Cnrvur corm.fed of a and IJp1nene, camphene, 113carene, limonene, IJphellandrene,a and 'Yterpinene,p-cymene, terpinolene, cilryophyllene, and humulene.7Jaoae from Pekalongan Timur comprised a and fJpinene,camphene, 113carene, terpinene, limonene, and caryophyllene.'IJaeJ.pineneforms the mayor portion of turpentine oil, amounting to 72.9% from Cianjur and 71.3% from Pekalongan flmw.

STUDI PERBANDINGAN SIFAT-SIFAT MINYAK KENANGA DARI BLITAR, BOYOLALI DAN CIREBON Bambang Wiyono; Mohammad Rosid
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.288-291

The purpose of this research is to compare the phvsico-chemical properties of cananga oil from Blitar, Boyolali, and Cirebon with the Indonesian Insutrial Standard requirement. Cananga oils are obtained from the distiller in Blitar and Boyolali regencies. The distilling method used in these regencies are cohobations. The distilling time was 40 hours in Blitar and 36 hours in Boyolali, whereas, cananga oil properties from Cirebon was based on the literature. To find out the difference in properties, the student's t-test was applied.The results indicated that colour (visual), specific gravity, refractive index, ester number, and ester content of cananga oils from Blitar, Boyolali, and Cirebon have met Indonesian Industrial Standard requirement (Sll. 0026 - 73), except for the ester number and ester content of cananga oil from Boyolali. Based on the ester number, cananga oil from Cirebon had a better quality than that of Blitar or Boyolali. Cananga oil from Boyolali had the lowest quality. Crushing cananga flowers before distilling, decreased the ester number, ester content, and yield of the resulting oil. Therefore, the crushing of raw of the cananga flowers prior to processing was found unnecessary.

PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT DAN RATIO GETAH DAN VOLUME PELARUT TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA MINYAK KERUING Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 16, No 3 (1998): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1998.16.3.149-161

Penelitian ini merupakan lanjutan dari penelitian terdahulu dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui rendemen dan sifat fisiko-kimia minyak hasil ekstraksi minyak dari getah keruing dengan pelarut organik, sedangkan sasarannya adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi yang cocok untuk memisahkan minyak keruing dari getahnya. Getah hasil perebusan dolog dalam larutan garam dilarutkan dalam petroleum eter atau heksana, dievaporasi dan didistilasi untuk memperoleh minyak keruing murni.Untuk melihat pengaruh jenis pelarut dan ratio getah dan volume pelarut dianalisis dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial, sedangkan nilai rataannya dianalisis dengan uji Duncan menurut prosedur SAS.Rendemen minyak keruing kasar yang dihasilkan sekitar 33,07 % (b/b), sedangkan hasil pemurnian minyak kasar berwama jernih dengan rendemen sekitar 17,95 % dari getah. Minyak keruing murni ini mempunyai sifat berat jenis sekitar 0,9735-0,9771. indeks bias 1,4952-1,4989, putaran optik -13,04- -12,17, bilangan asam 0,3942-0,8792. bilangan penyabunan 3,4816-5,254, bilangan ester 2,752 -4,958 dan kadar sisa pelarut 1,013-3,910 persen (v/v). Jenis pelarut, petroleum eter dan heksana, tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen maupun sifat fisiko-kimia minyak, tetapi tingkat perbandingan getah don volume pelarut memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata terhadap rendemen, berat jenis, bilangan penyabunan dan bilangan ester, sedangkan kombinasinya hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap bilangan ester dan bilangan penyabunan. Semakin tinggi tingkat perbandingan pelarut cenderung menurunkan berat jenis, indeks bias, bilangan asam, bilangan penyabunan, bilangan ester dan meningkatkan kadar sisa pelarut dan putaran optik Kombinasi pelarut heksana atau petroleum eter dengan perbandingan getah dengan volume pelarut dapat digunakan untuk mengekstrak minyak keruing dari getahnya.

PENYULINGAN KULIT MASOI (CINNAMOMUM XANTHONEURON BL) BAGIAN 1 (Distillation of Masoi bark (Cinnamomum xanthoneuron BL.). Part I) PENGARUB CARA DAN WAKTU PENYULINGAN KULIT MASOI (The effect of distilling method and time) Abdul Hakim Lukman; Bambang Wiyono; Poedji Hestoeti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 7 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

This paper describes a preliminary experiment on the effect of dilstillation method and time on yield of The methods applied were cohobation and water-steam method with distilling times of 3, 9, 18, 30 and 36 hours, consecutivety. The result shows that the distilling time and method appears to have a highly significant effect on oil yisld and the cohobation methad produces higher oil yield compared with water-steam distillation.

PENGAROH DISTILASI.FRAKSIONASI BUNGAKENANGA TEJU{ADAP BILANGAN ESTER DAN SIFAT MINYAKNYA Bambang Wiyono; Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 5 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of fractional diatillation of cananga flower from Boyolalion the ester number and the oil properties. The properties were then evalw;ited based on the Ifido1U.1Bian Industrial Starrdard requirement for cananga oil. The fint (ractiOn was obtained during the fint 0 - 6 houn distilling time, the second fraction was from 6 - 10 houn, and third fraction '(rOm 11 - 15 hours." .The raulta showed that the ester number of oil ('r(lctiom and the refractive index of the second and third fractions have met with the 1ndonesian Industrial Standard requirement. The speci(ie gravity of oil fractions, hOwever, have not met with that standa~ 'ester number of the fint fraction had a higher value than that ot the secorid fraction, and gradually lower value for• the third fraction. It was found from this study- that the lint fraction obtained from cananga oil distillation renders the highest quality oil.

Title

Found 75 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 75 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 75 Documents
Search