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All Journal Ilmu Hukum Prima Madani Legal Review Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Asia Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (ABDIRA) Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah PASAI : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Neraca Keadilan International Journal for Advanced Research
Junaidi Lubis
Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Hukum Dan Pendidikan, Universitas Battuta
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Comparison of Legal Systems in Democratic and Autocratic Countries: Implications for Human Rights Junaidi Lubis; Melky Suhery Simamora; Siti Aisyah Binti Rahman; Muhammad Salim Fauzi; Muhammad baddawi kurniadi
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 2: August 2024
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/4q7nk389

Abstract

This study examines the comparative effectiveness of legal systems in democratic and autocratic countries in upholding and promoting human rights. Democratic systems, characterized by judicial independence, transparency, and accountability, generally provide a robust framework for protecting individual freedoms and ensuring equitable governance. In contrast, autocratic systems, marked by centralized power and limited oversight, often prioritize political stability over the protection of human rights, resulting in systemic abuses and marginalization of vulnerable groups. The research explores key dimensions such as judicial autonomy, freedom of expression, political participation, and the role of civil society, highlighting stark differences in how these systems function. The findings reveal that democracies offer stronger institutional mechanisms for addressing human rights challenges, including access to justice, legislative inclusivity, and adherence to international norms. Autocratic regimes, however, frequently exploit legal systems to maintain control, using laws as tools for oppression and surveillance. The study underscores the critical role of governance structures in shaping human rights outcomes, advocating for the strengthening of democratic institutions and global human rights standards. Future research should delve into hybrid systems and transitions between governance types to further elucidate their impact on human rights.
The Influence of Globalization on the Harmonization of International and National Law Junaidi Lubis; Melky Suhery Simamora; Bambang Sutejo; Dedek syafrizal
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 3: October 2024
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ny5gv396

Abstract

Globalization has had a significant impact on the harmonization of international and national laws, affecting areas such as trade, environment, and human rights. This study explores the impact of globalization on legal harmonization, identifying key drivers such as economic integration, technological advancement, and the role of international organizations. It also highlights emerging challenges, including legal pluralism, cultural resistance, and disparities in institutional capacity across countries. Using a qualitative approach, legal analysis is conducted to identify patterns of convergence and divergence across legal systems, including common law, civil law, and hybrid legal systems. Case studies such as the implementation of the Paris Agreement, the adaptation of WTO trade law standards, and the mainstreaming of human rights in developing countries reveal the success rates and obstacles in harmonization. The results show that while harmonization promotes global cooperation and reduces legal protection, challenges remain. Fragmentation of international law, geopolitical tensions, and differences in local values ​​are key barriers. To address these, the study recommends an adaptive framework, enhanced multilateral cooperation, and investment in developing country capacity building. In conclusion, legal harmonization requires a balance between global norms and local relevance, so as to create an inclusive and effective legal system. A collaborative approach involving stakeholders across borders is key to bridging the gap between international standards and national realities.
The Legal Implications of Business Agreements in the Digital Era: A Case Study on E-Commerce Chairus Suriyat; Tina Muhardika Handayani; Junaidi Lubis
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 4: December 2024
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/n3hybq50

Abstract

The rapid growth of e-commerce has introduced numerous legal challenges that businesses must navigate to ensure the effectiveness and security of their digital transactions. This research examines the legal implications of business agreements in the digital era, focusing on the e-commerce sector. Key legal concerns addressed in the study include the enforceability of electronic contracts, data privacy compliance, intellectual property protection, consumer rights, and jurisdictional issues. Through a case study methodology, data was collected from industry experts, legal professionals, and businesses involved in e-commerce. The findings reveal that many e-commerce businesses struggle with ensuring the clarity and enforceability of electronic contracts, particularly in click-wrap and browse-wrap agreements. Additionally, data privacy regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), present significant compliance challenges, especially for businesses operating across multiple jurisdictions. Intellectual property protection is another critical issue, as businesses selling digital products face increased risks of piracy and unauthorized use. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of consumer protection, emphasizing the role of transparency and clear return policies in minimizing legal disputes. In conclusion, the research suggests that e-commerce businesses must adopt proactive legal strategies, including better contract management and adherence to data protection laws, to mitigate risks and thrive in the digital marketplace.
Legal Analysis of Land Dispute Resolution Based on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Juliaya Maria; Junaidi Lubis; M Salim
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 5: February 2025
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/qkf86s18

Abstract

This study explores the legal dimensions of resolving land disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in Indonesia. Land disputes remain a persistent problem in the country, often caused by overlapping land claims, unclear land titles, and conflicting interests between communities, corporations, and government entities. Litigation processes are frequently prolonged and costly, which emphasizes the need for effective alternatives. This research aims to analyze how ADR can serve as a viable and just solution by examining its practical application, legal foundation, and societal impact. Using a qualitative approach supported by empirical data from interviews, case studies, and regulatory reviews, this study finds that ADR mechanisms—particularly mediation and negotiation—are capable of offering faster and more flexible dispute resolution compared to litigation. ADR also enables the inclusion of customary values and local wisdom, which is essential in regions where land ownership is deeply tied to tradition and community identity. However, the study also identifies major obstacles, including inconsistent regulatory support, lack of trained mediators, and limited access in rural areas. To maximize ADR’s effectiveness, the study recommends regulatory reform that specifically addresses land-related ADR, greater governmental and non-governmental support in ADR implementation, and public education to improve understanding and trust in these mechanisms. By strengthening ADR frameworks, Indonesia can create a more accessible and culturally responsive system of justice for land disputes. This research contributes to the broader discourse on legal reform and sustainable conflict resolution within the agrarian sector.
Juridical Analysis of Consumer Protection in Electronic Transactions Chairus Suriyat; Muhammad Salim Fauzi; Junaidi Lubis; Bambang Sutejo; Irma Herliza Rizki
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/s7f3jc40

Abstract

The increasing use of electronic transactions in the digital age has raised significant concerns regarding consumer protection. Consumers face various risks, such as fraud, product mismatch, delivery delays, and misuse of personal data. This research aims to analyze the juridical framework governing consumer protection in electronic transactions, particularly in Indonesia, where digital commerce is rapidly expanding. By applying a normative juridical method and qualitative analysis, the study reviews existing legislation, including Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, and evaluates its effectiveness in addressing current digital challenges. Findings show that despite having a legal framework, the enforcement and application of consumer protection laws in digital transactions remain limited and inconsistent. Many platforms do not fully comply with legal requirements related to transparency, dispute resolution, and data protection. The study includes statistical data and visual aids such as charts and tables to illustrate the scale of consumer issues in the digital environment. It concludes that there is a need for legal reform, stronger regulatory oversight, and greater platform accountability. Additionally, increasing public awareness and utilizing Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms can enhance consumer protection in the growing e-commerce ecosystem.
Smart Contracts and Virtual Property Disputes in the International Metaverse Economy salim; Arif; Junaidi Lubis; Chairus Suryati; Bambang Sutejo; Irma Herliza Rizki
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2025
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/2zz3b072

Abstract

The rapid advancement of blockchain technology and the emergence of the metaverse as a cross-border digital economy have triggered new legal challenges, particularly concerning smart contracts and virtual property disputes. Smart contracts—self-executing agreements coded on blockchain—offer efficiency and transparency but raise critical questions about legal validity, jurisdiction, and dispute resolution when conflicts arise between parties from different countries. In the context of virtual ownership such as digital land, NFTs, and in-world assets, diverging national legal systems complicate the enforcement of rights over virtual property. This study analyzes how smart contracts are utilized in virtual property transactions and examines the evolving international legal approaches to disputes arising from such agreements. The research highlights the urgent need for an adaptive global legal framework, cross-jurisdictional recognition of digital rights, and the role of blockchain-based arbitration bodies as alternatives to traditional dispute resolution. It also explores the relevance of traditional contract law principles in decentralized virtual environments and the regulatory challenges related to digital identity and evidentiary standards. With a multidisciplinary approach, this abstract offers insights into the importance of legal harmonization and international collaboration in supporting a fair, predictable, and legally secure metaverse ecosystem.
Legal Protection for People with Mental Disabilities in the Criminal Justice System Debi Masri; M. Salim; Junaidi Lubis; Grace Tan Mei Ling
International Journal For Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ppgshq88

Abstract

This study explores legal protection for individuals with mental disabilities within the international criminal justice system. While international conventions such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) provide a foundation for the basic rights of people with mental disabilities, the implementation of such protections within the criminal justice system remains limited. Many countries face challenges in providing adequate accommodations for people with mental disabilities during arrest, interrogation, and trial processes. This research examines the gap between international legal principles and their practical application, focusing on the mechanisms needed to support individuals with mental disabilities in both legal decisions and humane treatment. Additionally, the study explores how principles of legal capacity and supported decision-making can be integrated into existing legal frameworks, and the challenges faced in their implementation. The findings suggest the importance of adopting more inclusive policies and special accommodations to ensure that people with mental disabilities can enjoy their rights in the criminal justice process without discrimination. The paper recommends increased training for law enforcement officials and regulatory reforms that are more responsive to the needs of this group.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana terhadap Bangunan Liar di Kota Medan Studi pada Dinas Perumahan, Kawasan Permukiman, Cipta Karya dan Tata Ruang Junaidi Lubis
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 9 (2026): Tema Hukum Agraria dan Pertanahan
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v7i9.3998

Abstract

The rapid rate of population growth and physical development in Medan City has direct implications for the increasing need for residential space and business premises. However, this condition also triggers the rampant erection of illegal buildings that do not have official permits or violate regional spatial plans. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement against illegal building violations in the city of Medan, with a focus on the Housing, Residential Areas, Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning Office of the City of Medan, as well as identifying factors that are obstacles in its implementation. The research method used is empirical legal research with a normative juridical approach. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews with the Medan City Housing, Settlement Area, Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning Office and the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) as the enforcer of local regulations, supported by field observations. Secondary data was collected through a study of documents on laws and regulations and related legal literature. The results of the study show that criminal law enforcement against illegal building founders in Medan City has not been running optimally. Relevant agencies tend to prioritize administrative sanctions in the form of warning letters, sealing and physical dismantling, while criminal sanctions are rarely applied due to the complexity of the judicial process. The main obstacles in law enforcement include weak supervision systems in the field, limited apparatus resources, low public legal awareness and obstacles to cross-agency coordination in the execution of control. This study concludes the need to strengthen the supervisory function, simplify coordination between agencies and apply consistent criminal sanctions as the last resort (ultimum remedium) to create orderly development in the city of Medan.
Penanggulangan Tawuran Antar Kampung Di Kecamatan Medan Belawan Oleh Kepolisian Sektor Medan Belawan Junaidi Lubis; Muhammad Eddy Syahputra; Haris Dermawan; Muhammad Koginta Lubis
Madani Legal Review Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Madani Legal Review
Publisher : FAKULTAS HUKUM UM PAREPARE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/malrev.v10i1.4374

Abstract

Fenomena tauran antar kampung di Kecamatan Medan Belawan telah menjadi isu sosial dan kriminal yang terus-menerus, mengganggu keamanan dan membahayakan keselamatan warga. Ciri khas daerah pesisir dengan populasi yang padat dan perkembangan ekonomi yang rendah menjadi penyebab terjadinya konflik antar kelompok yang terus berlangsung. Kepolisian Sektor Medan Belawan memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga ketertiban umum melalui berbagai upaya untuk meredam kejahatan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengevaluasi langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh Polsek Medan Belawan dalam mengatasi tauran antar kampung serta mengenali berbagai faktor yang menghalangi penegakan hukum dan pencegahan konflik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kriminologis. Sumber data primer diambil melalui wawancara mendalam dengan penyidik Polsek Medan Belawan, dan juga melakukan peninjauan langsung di lapangan. Proses analisis data dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif analitis. Upaya Polsek Medan Belawan dalam menanggulangi tauran antar kampung menggunakan dua taktik utama, pertama mencegah kejahatan dengan cara mengunjungi masyarakat langsung dengan cara mengumpulkan para tokoh yang ada untuk membangun sinergitas dan membangun kampung yang tertib, aman dan damai tanpa tauran dan melakukan patroli di jam-jam rawan. Kedua, menindak tegas seluruh pelaku yang melakukan tauran dan membahayakan keselamatan masyarakat. Namun dalam hal ini masih ada saja tantangan yang dihadapi, seperti masih ditemukan akun media sosial masyarakat menyebar hasutan. Penanganan tauran antar kampung di Kecamatan Medan Belawan membutuhkan kerja sama semua pihak agar bersinergi mencipatakan suasana yang aman dan damai dalam lingkungan masyarakat.
PENYULUHAN HUKUM PENCEGAHAN TINDAK PIDANA PERUNDUNGAN (BULLYING) DI LINGKUNGAN SMK KUTALIMBARU Muhammad Arif; M. Koginta Lubis; Junaidi Lubis
Community Development Journal : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/cdj.v7i3.58668

Abstract

Perundungan di lingkungan sekolah menjadi sebuah masalah serius yang mengancam kesehatan fisik dan mental pelajar. Data dari Kabupaten Deli Serdang mencatat terdapat 144 anak menjadi korban kekerasan pada tahun 2023. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman hukum siswa SMK Kutalimbaru mengenai pencegahan tindakan perundungan dengan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 serta Permendikbudristek Nomor 46 Tahun 2023. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan hukum, yang terdiri dari ceramah interaktif, diskusi tentang kasus, dan peran simulasi, serta evaluasi menggunakan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam literasi hukum siswa, terutama dalam mengenali enam bentuk kekerasan dan sanksi pidana yang terkait. Rata-rata pemahaman siswa mengalami kenaikan sekitar 28% setelah penyuluhan, yang berhasil mengubah cara pandang siswa dari menerima kekerasan verbal menjadi memahami aspek hukum yang ada. Kesimpulan dari program ini menekankan pentingnya pendidikan hukum yang terencana sebagai alat utama dalam mendukung pembentukan Tim Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan untuk menciptakan sekolah yang aman dan menyenangkan bagi anak sekolah.
Co-Authors Ahmad Braja Wahyu Alexius Saroniat Harefa Andi Hakim Lubis Anggita Lubis Anisah bt Ahmad Arif Bambang Sutejo Chairus Suriyat Chairus Suriyati Chairus Suryati Debi Masri Dedek syafrizal Delina Giawa Dermawan, Haris Faziatul Amillia Mohamad Basir Gebi Yohana P Panggabean Grace Tan Mei Ling Hari Gunawan Nasution Haris Dermawan Henry Robi Tanauma Irma Herliza Rizki Juliandi Juliandi Juliaya Maria Juliya Maria Juliya Maria Leni Indrayani Lubis, Muhammad Koginta M Salim M. Koginta Lubis M. Salim Melky Suhery Simamora Mina Mina Muammar Rinaldi Muhammad Arif Muhammad baddawi kurniadi Muhammad Eddy Syahputra Muhammad Koginta Lubis Muhammad Salim Fauzi Putri Juniarti Said Rizal salim Siti Aisyah Binti Rahman Talita Syamantha Tengku Emilia Angraini Tika Rohani Zega Tina Muhardika Handayani Wahyu Hadi Wijaya