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All Journal ComEngApp : Computer Engineering and Applications Journal IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI) Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer KLIK (Kumpulan jurnaL Ilmu Komputer) (e-Journal) JOIN (Jurnal Online Informatika) Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA Jurnal Komputasi Sebatik Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Jurnal Informatika dan Rekayasa Elektronik Jurnal Mnemonic Bubungan Tinggi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Computer Science and Information Technologies Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Journal of Data Science and Software Engineering Jurnal Informatika Polinema (JIP) Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics
Rudy Herteno
Unknown Affiliation
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Health Professions Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Other

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The Effect of Smote-Tomek on the Classification of Chronic Diseases Based on Health and Lifestyle Data Muhammad Adika Riswanda; Friska Abadi; Muhammad Itqan Mazdadi; Mohammad Reza Faisal; Rudy Herteno
Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v8i1.324

Abstract

Machine learning models for chronic disease prediction are often trained on imbalanced healthcare datasets, where non-disease cases dominate. This condition can lead to misleadingly high accuracy while failing to identify patients with chronic diseases, limiting clinical usefulness. This study aims to analyze the impact of class imbalance on model performance and to evaluate the effectiveness of the SMOTE–Tomek resampling technique in improving chronic disease prediction. This research provides empirical evidence that accuracy alone is insufficient for evaluating healthcare models and demonstrates that imbalance-aware preprocessing is essential for valid and reliable chronic disease detection. Five classification models, such as Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost, were evaluated on a lifestyle-based chronic disease dataset under two conditions: without resampling and with SMOTE–Tomek. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC. Without SMOTE–Tomek, all models failed to detect chronic disease cases, producing near-zero recall and F1-scores despite accuracy exceeding 80%. After applying SMOTE–Tomek, substantial improvements were observed across all models, particularly in recall and AUC. Support Vector Machine achieved the best overall performance, with an accuracy of 92.9%, a precision of 92%, a recall of 93.9%, an F1-score of 0.93, and an AUC of 0.98. The findings confirm that handling class imbalance is a prerequisite for meaningful chronic disease prediction. The consistent increase in recall and AUC across all evaluated models confirms that the improvement stems from enhanced class separability rather than metric inflation. The proposed approach supports more reliable early screening and decision-support systems in preventive healthcare
Co-Authors Abdullayev, Vugar Achmad Zainudin Nur Adawiyah, Laila Adela Putri Ariyanti Aflaha, Rahmina Ulfah Ahmad Juhdi Ahmad Rusadi Akhtar, Zarif Bin Al Ghifari, Muhammad Akmal Al Habesyah, Noor Zalekha Alfando, Muhammad Alvin Andi - Farmadi Andi Farmadi Andi Farmadi Andi Farmadi Angga Maulana Akbar Antoh, Soterio Arifin Hidayat Aryanti, Agustia Kuspita Athavale, Vijay Anant Azizah, Azkiya Nur Azizah, Siti Roziana Bahriddin Abapihi Dendy Fadhel Adhipratama Dendy Dodon Turianto Nugrahadi Dwi Kartini Dwi Kartini, Dwi Emma Andini Faisal, M. Reza Fatma Indriani Fauzan Luthfi, Achmad Fayyadh, Muhammad Naufaldi Febrian, Muhamad Michael Friska Abadi Ghinaya, Helma Hermiati, Arya Syifa Huynh, Phuoc-Hai Irwan Budiman Irwan Budiman Itqan Mazdadi, Muhammad Junaidi, Ridha Fahmi Lilies Handayani Lisnawati Lumbanraja, Favorisen R M Kevin Warendra Mariana Dewi Miftahul Muhaemen Muflih Ihza Rifatama Muhammad Adika Riswanda Muhammad Alkaff Muhammad Anshari Muhammad Azmi Adhani Muhammad Denny Ersyadi Rahman Muhammad Itqan Mazdadi Muhammad Noor Muhammad Reza Faisal, Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rizky Mubarok Muhammad Sholih Afif Muhammad Syahriani Noor Basya Basya Muliadi Muliadi MULIADI -, MULIADI Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Nabella, Putri Nafis Satul Khasanah Ngo, Luu Duc Noor Hidayah Noryasminda Nur Hidayatullah, Wildan Nurdiansyah Nurdiansyah Nursyifa Azizah Oni Soesanto Pratama, Muhammad Yoga Adha Putri Nabella Putri, Nitami Lestari Radityo Adi Nugroho Rahmad Ubaidillah Rahmat Ramadhani Raidra Zeniananto Ramadhan, As`'ary Reza Faisal, Mohammad Rizky Ananda, Muhammad Rozaq, Hasri Akbar Awal Saputro, Setyo Wahyu Saragih, Triando Hamonangan Setyo Wahyu Saputro Siti Aisyah Solechah Suci Permata Sari Suryadi, Mulia Kevin Tri Mulyani Ulya, Azizatul Vina Maulida, Vina Wahyu Ramadansyah Wahyu Saputro, Setyo Zaini Abdan Zamzam, Yra Fatria