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Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Tanaman Sela terhadap Pertumbuhan Lada Perdu Serta Hasil Tanaman Sela Yulius Ferry; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p151-156

Abstract

Penanaman tanaman sela di antara tanaman lada perdu merupakan salah satu strategi dalam upaya mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya pertanian dan sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan usahatani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cahaya Negeri, Lampung Utara, mulai tahun 2010 sampai 2011. Tujuannya adalah memperoleh kombinasi jarak tanam lada perdu dengan jenis tanaman sela yang sesuai untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman lada sebagai tanaman pokok serta meningkatkan hasil dan pendapataan tanaman sela. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam lada (J) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : (J1) 1 x 3 meter, (J2) 1 x 4 meter (J3) 2 x 3 meter, dan (J4) 2 x 4 meter. Faktor kedua adalah jenis tanaman sela (S) yang terdiri dari : (S1) tanaman kacang tanah, dan (S2) tanaman sela kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) jarak tanam lada perdu 1 x 3 m cukup sesuai untuk ditanami tanaman sela kacang tanah maupun kacang hijau karena dengan jarak tanam tersebut dapat mendukung bagi pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif lada serta dapat memaksimalkan hasil dan pendapatan tanaman sela, dan (2) penanaman tanaman sela kacang tanah dan kacang hijau di antara lada perdu sebaiknya dilakukan secara rotasi, kacang tanah ditanam pada fase vegetatif, sedangkan kacang hijau ditanam pada fase generatif tanaman lada.  Effect of Plant Spacing and Intercrops on The Growth of Pepper and Yield of IntercropsABSTRACT Growing of intercrops planted among of bushy pepper cultivation is one of strategies in optimizing agricultural resources utilization and increasing farmers’ income. The experiment was conducted at Cahaya Negeri Experimental Station, from 2010 until 2011. The experiment was aimed to investigate the compatibility of bushy pepper growing and the kind of intercrops to support the growth and increase in yield of the crop and additional income from the intercrops. The factorial design based randomized complete block with three replication was used in this study. The first factor was bushy pepper spacing (J) consisted of four levels : (J1) 1 m x 3 m, (J2) 1 m x 4 m, (J3) 2 m x 3 m, and (J4) 2 m x 4 m. The second factor was the kind of intercrops (S) consisted of two levels : (S1) Peanut and (S2) Mungbean. Result showed that : (1) The 1 m x 3 m of bushy pepper spacing is quite suitable for growing peanut or mungbean as intercrops based on vegetative and generative growth measures of bushy pepper and maximize in yields and additional income from the intercrops, and (2) peanut and mungbean were suggested to be intercrops in bushy pepper growing in rotation of cropping system, whereas peanut and mungbean should be planted within the vegetative and generative phases of bushy pepper, respectively.
Evaluasi Ukuran Biji Beras, Kadar Kafein, dan Mutu Cita Rasa Lima Kultivar Kopi Arabika Enny Randriani; Dani Dani; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n1.2014.p49-56

Abstract

Perbaikan mutu fisik, biokimia, dan cita rasa berbasis kultivar penting dilakukan saat ini untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar global. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keragaman ukuran biji, kadar kafein, dan mutu cita rasa lima kultivar kopi Arabika, yaitu ABP-1, ABP-2, ABP-3, AGK-1, dan S-795. Kelima kultivar tersebut ditanam pada tahun 2008 oleh petani di Desa Marga Mulya, Kecamatan Cikandang, Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 1.300 m di atas permukaan laut. Biji dari masing-masing kultivar dipanen pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2013 melalui prosedur pengolahan basah. Sampel sebanyak 100 biji beras dari masing-masing kultivar diambil secara acak untuk pengukuran panjang, lebar, tebal, dan bobot 100 biji beras. Pengukuran tersebut diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Analisis varian satu arah dan analisis gerombol dilakukan terhadap data hasil pengukuran. Selain itu, sampel sebanyak 500 gram biji beras dari masing-masing kultivar digunakan untuk pengujian mutu fisik, kimia, dan cita rasa. Ukuran biji beras diklasifikasikan berdasarkan standar SNI 01-2907-2008, sedangkan kandungan kafein diuji berdasarkan prosedur Official Method of Analysis AOAC. Penilaian mutu seduhan mengacu kepada protokol Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa biji beras kultivar ABP-1, ABP-2, AGK-1, dan S-795 termasuk dalam kategori besar, meskipun berdasarkan analisis gerombol terbagi ke dalam dua kelompok. Hanya kultivar ABP-3 yang memiliki ukuran biji beras tergolong kecil dan mengelompok sendiri. Kandungan kafein biji kultivar ABP-1, ABP-2, dan S-795 di bawah 1%, sedangkan ABP-3 dan AGK-1 lebih besar dari 1%. Meskipun demikian, semua kultivar yang diuji termasuk dalam kategori spesialti karena nilai akhirnya mencapai > 80,00.Kata Kunci: Kopi Arabika, spesialti, seleksi, spesifik lokasiCultivar-based quality improvement of Arabica coffee is very important in order to increase competitiveness of Indonesian coffee product in global market. The objectives of this study were to identify the diversity of green bean size, levels of caffeine, and quality among five Arabica coffee cultivars that cultivated by farmers in West Java, ABP-1, ABP-2, ABP-3, AGK-1, and S-795. The research was conducted at 1.300 m above sea level in Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Ripe cherries samples of each cultivars grown in the same area was taken in July-August 2013. Seeds were separated from the rind using wet processing procedure. Sample of 100 green beans were randomly taken for measurement of length, width, thickness, and weight of 100 green beans. Measurements were repeated three times and collected data were analyzed with analysis of variance and analysis of clusters methods. In addition, samples of 500 grams of green beans were taken from each cultivars and subsequently used for testing the quality of the physical, chemical and cupping. Green bean size was determined according to SNI 01-2907-2008, while caffeine content was analysed using AOAC Official Method of Analysis. Cupping test protocol was refer to the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) method. The results showed that green bean size of ABP-1, ABP-2, AGK-, and S-795 cultivars were classified as large, even though they were clustered into two distinct groups. On the other hand, ABP-3 cultivar produced a small green bean size and solely separated into third group. Caffeine content of ABP-1, ABP-2, and S-795 cultivars were of < 1%, meanwhile ABP-3 and AGK-1 cultivars were of >1%. However, the quality and taste of all cultivars have very good cup quality (score> 80) and meets the criteria for specialty coffee.
Analisis Daya Gabung dan Korelasi Karakter Jumlah Buah Kakao pada Persilangan Setengah Dialel Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Cici Tresniawati; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p99-108

Abstract

Analysis of combining ability and correlation between characters in cacao plays an important role and benefits in an effort to obtain superior high-yield genetic material. This analysis makes it easy to find out the best combination of parents in producing superior progeny. The study aimed to analyze the combining ability and correlation of cacao pod numbers in F1 population generated from half-diallel crossing. The study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Sukabumi, West Java, at an altitude of 450 m above sea level with Latosol soil type and B climate type (Schmidt and Fergusson), from 2014 until 2018. The experiment was arranged using a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 combinations of half-diallel crossing method that were repeated three times. The parental genotypes used were ICCRI 03, TSH 858, DR 1, ICS 13, and SCA 6. The variables observed were the number of healthy pods, number of rotten pods, number of cherelle wilts, and total pod numbers. The combining ability was analyzed using the Griffing 4 method, while correlation analysis was carried out phenotypically and genotypically.The results showed the action of non-additive genes in the F1 generation and three combinations of crosses, namely ICCRI 03 x TSH 858, TSH 858 x DR 1, and ICS 13 x SCA 6 had the opportunity to be developed into superior hybrids. In addition, it is known that there were phenotypic and genotypic positive correlations between the observed pod component characters.
Kompatibilitas Lima Klon Unggul Kakao Sebagai Batang Atas dengan Batang Bawah Progeni Half-Sib Klon Sulawesi 01 Dibyo Pranowo; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n1.2016.p29-36

Abstract

Perbanyakan tanaman kakao melalui teknik sambung (grafting) paling banyak diterapkan oleh petani. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan penyambungan tanaman adalah tingkat kompatibilitas antara batang atas dengan batang bawah yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi tingkat kompatibilitas lima klon unggul kakao, yaitu Sulawesi 01, Sulawesi 02, Sca 6, MCC 01, dan MCC 02,  sebagai batang atas dengan progeni half-sib klon Sulawesi 01 sebagai batang bawah. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP). Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat 450 m dpl dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B (Schmidt & Fergusson), mulai bulan April sampai September 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan kombinasi penyambungan dan lima ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke-14, 21, dan 28 setelah penyambungan terhadap persentase total hasil sambungan yang hidup, hasil sambungan yang telah dan belum bertunas, serta kecepatan munculnya tunas. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, korelasi, dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase benih hasil sambungan yang bertahan hidup, persentase benih hasil sambungan yang bertunas, dan kecepatan munculnya tunas hingga hari ke-28 setelah penyambungan bervariasi antar klon batang atas. Berdasarkan ketiga parameter tersebut, klon Sulawesi 01, Sulawesi 02, dan Sca 6 memiliki tingkat kompatibilitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan MCC 01 dan MCC 02. Hasil penelitian dapat dimanfaatkan untuk perbanyakan bibit menggunakan teknik sambung dalam mendukung program peremajaan dan atau rehabilitasi kakao.
Pengujian Umur Simpan Kopi Arabika Bubuk Pada Jenis Kemasan dan Suhu Simpan Yang Berbeda Elsera Br Tarigan; Edi Wardiana; Handi Supriadi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 8, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v8n1.2021.p37-48

Abstract

Coffee is a beverage that is widely consumed around the world. Proper packaging and storage temperature may extend shelf life of ground coffee. The study aimed to analyze the shelf life of ground Arabica coffee stored in different packaging types and temperature, conducted at smallholder coffee plantations in Garut Regency and the Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from June to August 2018. A completely randomized design in factorial was used with 3 factors and 2 replications. The first factor was the packaging type  which consisted of 3 types: thick alumunium  foil 65m (AF65), thick alumunium  foil 130m (AF130), and thick lamination 114m (L144). The second factor was the storage temperature which consisted of 3 levels: 25 oC, 35 oC, and 45 oC, while the third factor was the storage period which consisted of 5 levels: coffee unstored, and coffee stored for 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks. The variables observed were the water and fat content, and the analysis of shelf life was carried out using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Test) method. The results showed that during storage, the water content increased, whereas the fat content decreased. Fat content is a critical variable in determining the shelf life of coffee. The coffee in AF130 packaging has longer shelf life than in AF65 and L144. To extend the shelf life of coffee packaged in AF130 and L144 is best kept at 45 oC whereas coffee in AF65 packaging  is ideally at 25 oC.
Penentuan Karakter Tanaman Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Kemiri [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.] Cici Tresniawati; Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Indah Sulistyorini; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p127-134

Abstract

Candlenut [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.] is a perrenial plant that has high economic value. Information about vegetative and generative characters, as well as yield components that influence the yield is needed in the early stages of selection process in plant breeding. Selection of these characters can be done using Sequential Path Analysis (SPA) according to the plant development cycle, and then confirm the model using the Structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The aim of this study was to determine the vegetative characters and yield components that influence the candlenut production. The research was carried out at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to December 2018. Plant materials used in this study was 129 candlenut trees at 9 years old which were planted with a spacing of 10m x 10m. The data were analyzed using SPA followed by model confirmation using SEM method. The results showed that the production of seed was directly and positively influenced by the leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, seed weight, and number of fruits per tree, while the effect of stem height character is indirectly. Based on these results, plant selection based on vegetative characters such as leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, stem height character, number of fruits per tree and seed weight can be used to obtain high-yielding candlenut plants.
Penentuan Karakter Pembeda Dua Populasi Kopi Arabika di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon melalui Penggunaan Fungsi Diskriminan Edi Wardiana; Dibyo Pranowo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p109-116

Abstract

Keragaman fenotipik dari beberapa genotipe tanaman karena pengaruh genetik dan lingkungan (GxE) dapat dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan sehingga akan dapat diketahui informasi tentang karakter-karakter pembeda dari genotipe yang diuji. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Desember 2010 sampai Mei 2012, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakter-karakter yang dapat menjadi pembeda dua populasi kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan 2) yang ditanam di KP. Pakuwon melalui pendekatan fungsi diskriminan. Contoh tanaman kopi varietas Kartika 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebanyak 20 tanaman dipilih secara sistematik, kemudian diamati pada umur 14-17 bulan setelah tanam terhadap 20 peubah morfologi tanaman. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 4 karakter pembeda dua varietas kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2), yaitu jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah ruas/cabang, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah. Varietas Kartika 1 memiliki jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah lebih tinggi daripada Kartika 2, sedangkan jumlah ruas cabangnya lebih rendah. Keempat karakter tersebut secara nyata dapat membedakan kedua varietas kopi dengan tingkat validitasnya sebesar 82,5%. Hasil penelitian ini didasari oleh teori GxE dan dapat memberikan implikasi bagi kajian dan penelitian-penelitian berikutnya dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan atau mutu hasil kopi, khususnya Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP. Pakuwon. .Determination of Characters to Distinguish Two Population of Coffea Arabica at Pakuwon Experimental Station by Discriminant Function Phenotypic variability of several plant genotypes is affected by genetic (G) and environment (E) factors, known as GxE. The GxE can be analyzed through discriminant functions being able to know information several characters as differentiator of genotypes. A study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (KP. Pakuwon), Sukabumi, from December 2010 to May 2012. To identify the characters being able to distinguish two populations of Coffea arabica (Kartika 1 and 2), the discriminant function was used.  Sistematic sampling of 20 sample plants of Kartika 1 and 2 each was used in this study. As many as 20 variables of plant morphology were observed for 14-17 months after planting. Data collected were analyzed by discriminant function. Results showed that there are four characters being able to distinguish two varieties of Coffea arabica ( Kartika 1 and 2) namely: total number of branch/plant, number of internode/branches, number of bunch/ branch, and dry weight of fruit. The total number of branch/plant, number of bunch/branch, and dry weight of bean of Kartika 1 were higher than those of Kartika 2, while the number of internode/branches was lower. These fourth characters were significantly able to distinguish the two varieties of coffee with 82.5% validity rates. This result was based on GxE theory and may have implications for improvement of productivity and quality of coffee, for future study.
Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi dan Jenis Trichoderma terhadap Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Bibit Tanaman Karet Widi Amaria; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n2.2014.p79-86

Abstract

Pemanfaatan agens hayati berupa jamur antagonis Trichoderma mempunyai peluang dalam mencegah maupun menekan serangan jamur akar putih (JAP) pada bibit tanaman karet. Oleh karena itu, Trichoderma dapat diaplikasikan sebelum maupun setelah infeksi patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui waktu aplikasi dan jenis Trichoderma yang efektif dalam mengendalikan penyakit JAP pada bibit karet. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri) Sukabumi, mulai bulan Mei sampai November 2013. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acak kelompok faktorial dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dua waktu aplikasi Trichoderma (sebelum dan setelah infeksi patogen), faktor kedua adalah empat jenis Trichoderma (Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma amazonicum, dan Trichoderma atroviride). Di samping itu, digunakan petak kontrol (tanpa Trichoderma) untuk melihat efektif-tidaknya penggunaan Trichoderma. Bibit karet menggunakan klon AVROS 2037 hasil okulasi umur 3 bulan. Peubah yang diamati meliputi gejala penyakit JAP, masa inkubasi patogen, dan intensitas serangan JAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembibitan karet penggunaan agen hayati Trichoderma lebih efektif bila diaplikasikan sebelum ada infeksi patogen karena dapat memperpanjang masa inkubasi patogen dan menekan serangan JAP masing-masing 60,49 hari dan 78,36% dibandingkan kontrol, serta 51,62 hari dan 71,14% bila dibandingkan aplikasi setelah ada infeksi. Trichoderma yang diaplikasikan setelah infeksi patogen hanya efektif menekan serangan JAP sebesar 25% dibandingkan kontrol. T. virens dan T. amazonicum paling efektif bila diaplikasikan sebelum infeksi patogen, sedangkan apabila tanaman telah terinfeksi patogen maka dianjurkan menggunakan T. virens, T. amazonicum, atau T. atroviride.Kata kunci: Karet, jamur akar putih, Trichoderma, intensitas serangan, masa inkubasi patogenThe utilization of biological agents such as fungal antagonist of Trichoderma has the opportunity to prevent and suppress the attacks of white root diseases (JAP) in rubber seedlings. Therefore, Trichoderma can be applied before or after pathogen infection. The objectives of this study were to determine the application time and Trichoderma types which effective in controlling white root fungi in rubber seedlings. The research was carried out in the Screen house of Indonesian Industrial and Beverages Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from May to November 2013. The randomized complete block design in factorial two factors and three replications was used in this study. The first factor: two times of Trichoderma application (one week before and after pathogen infections), whereas the second factor: four types of Trichoderma (Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma amazonicum, and Trichoderma atroviride). In addition, the control plot (without Trichoderma application) was also used to investigate the effectiveness of Trichoderma application. Rubber seedling used in this study was 3 months old AVROS 2037 clone that obtained from grafting. The variable observed were symptom of JAP diseases, pathogen incubations period, and attacks intensity of JAP. The results showed that the use of Trichoderma biological agents in rubber seedling more effective when applied before pathogen infection, because it can prolong the incubations period and suppress pathogenic attack of JAP at about 60.49 days and 78.36%, respectively compared to the controls, and 51.62 days and 71.14% compared to the application after pathogen infections. The application of Trichoderma after pathogen infections only effective to suppress JAP attacks at about 25% compared to the control. T. virens and T. amazonicum most effective when applied before pathogen infection, whereas if the plant has been infected with a pathogen, it is recommended to use T. virens, T. amazonicum, or T. atroviride.
Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Kualitas Biji Empat Klon Kopi Robusta di Tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning, Lampung Utara Rusli Rusli; Sakiroh Sakiroh; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n2.2015.p107-112

Abstract

Recommendation of Robusta coffee fertilizer that available until now is only in general. In fact, the type and amount of fertilizer needed is highly dependent on environmental conditions, clones, and plant age. The study aimed to investigate the effect of combination doses of urea, SP36, and KCl fertilizer on growth, yield, and bean quality of four Robusta coffee clones cultivated in red-yellow podzolic soil type (PMK), North Lampung. The study was conducted at KP. Cahaya Negeri, North Lampung, with the altitude of 250 m above sea level, PMK soil type and climate type of C (Oldemand), from October 2011 to June 2014. The research was arranged in split plot design with four replications. The main plot was four Robusta coffee clones i.e. (K1) = BP 42; (K2) = BP 409; (K3) = BP 936; and (K4) = BP 939, while the subplot was four combination doses of urea, SP36, and KCl i.e. (P1) = 30:20:20 g/tree; (P2) = 40:30:30 g/tree; (P3) = 50:40:40 g/tree; and (P4) = 60:50:50 g/tree. The results showed that four Robusta coffee clones (BP 42, BP 409, BP 936, and BP 939) cultivated in PMK soil type, KP. Cahaya Negeri, North Lampung, had the same response to combination doses of urea, SP36 and KCl fertilizer. The combination doses of urea, SP36, and KCl of 50, 40, and 40 g/tree, respectively were optimal and efficient for growth and yield of those four clones until 2.5 years old. However, the dose has not yet been able to improve the quality of coffee beans.
Perubahan Biokimia dan Indikator Vigor Benih Kakao pada Lima Taraf Lamanya Penyimpanan Iing Sobari; Sumadi Sumadi; Santi Rosniawaty; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 3 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n3.2020.p163-178

Abstract

Selama masa penyimpanan, benih kakao mengalami berbagai proses yang akan berpengaruh terhadap kandungan cadangan makanannya dan akan berdampak terhadap kapasitas perkecambahan dan vigor benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan biokimia dan vigor benih kakao setelah disimpan maksimum 4 minggu dengan selang waktu 1 minggu. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu dan rumah kaca Balittri, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, mulai bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2019. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap dengan lima taraf perlakuan lamanya waktu penyimpanan benih yang diulang lima kali. Kelima perlakuan tersebut yaitu:(a) benih tanpa disimpan,(b) benih disimpan 1 minggu, (c) benih disimpan 2 minggu, (d) benih disimpan 3 minggu, dan (e) benih disimpan 4 minggu. Parameter yang diamati selama penyimpanan adalah perubahan biokimia benih dan banyaknya benih yang berkecambah, sedangkan selama perkecambahan adalah indikator vigor benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan benih kakao selama 1-4 minggu menyebabkan penurunan kandungan lemak benih, sedangkan asam lemak bebas, protein, dan persentase benih berkecambah meningkat. Sampai umur 21 hari setelah semai, penyimpanan benih meningkatkan daya hantar listrik, tetapi menurunkan kecepatan tumbuh, potensi tumbuh maksimum, viabilitas, dan panjang hipokotil. Benih yang disimpan selama satu minggu masih memiliki vigor yang baik (viabilitas 80%), sedangkan benih yang disimpan selama 2-4 minggu menurun tingkat vigornya (viabilitas maksimum sekitar 54,4%).
Co-Authors Baharuddin Baharuddin Bariot Hafif Budi Martono Cici Tresniawati Dani Dani DIBYO PRANOWO Elsera Br Tarigan Elsera Br Tarigan ENNY RANDRIANI Gusti Indriati Handi Supriadi Iing Sobari Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono Indah Sulistyorini Khaerati Khaerati Khaerati Khaerati Nur Kholilatul Izzah Nur Kholilatul Izzah Nur Kholis Firdaus Rita Harni Rita Harni Rusli Rusli Saefudin Saefudin Sakiroh Sakiroh Santi Rosniawaty Sumadi Sumadi Widi Amaria Widi Amaria YULIUS FERRY