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All Journal SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora
I Wayan Rusastra
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Veterinary

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Perspektif Pengembangan Ekonomi Kedelai di Indonesia Tahlim Sudaryanto; I Wayan Rusastra; nFN Saptana
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 19, No 1 (2001): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v19n1.2001.1-20

Abstract

EnglishSoybean as one of agricultural commodity plays an important role in the Indonesian' economy. The role intertwined in the food crops demand, consumption, trade, and the farmers' income. Technical as well as economical aspects are faced by the Indonesian government to promote local or domestic soybean, especially when it has to compete with the imported soybean. Presently, soybean farming system is financially profitable, taking the advantage of the Indonesian protection policy. Economically, soybean-farming system is inefficient due to inefficiency in using the domestic resources to meet the domestic demand and export promotion. This study concluded that several strategic policies that have to be taken by Indonesian' government to increase the competitiveness of local or domestic soybean are: (1) to promote suitable region specifically for soybean, (2) to increase soybean yield or productivity through introducing the high yield varieties adapted to the region, efficiency on the on-farm management, (3) import tax to protect domestic soybean, (4) to introduce the new post harvest technology (to minimize harvest losses) and other non-price policy. IndonesianKomoditas kedelai memegang peranan penting dalam ekonomi rumah tangga petani, konsumsi pangan, kebutuhan dan perdagangan pangan nasional. Pengembangan komoditas ini dihadapkan pada pemasalahan teknis, sosial-ekonomi, dan defisit perdagangan dan daya saing dengan kedelai impor. Usahatani kedelai menguntungkan secara finansial karena didukung oleh kebijaksanaan protektif. Komoditas kedelai secara ekonomi dinilai kurang efisien dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya  domestik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri dan lebih-lebih lagi untuk tujuan promosi ekspor. Kebijaksanaan strategis yang perlu di lakukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing kedelai nasional adalah pemilihan wilayah pengembangan yang sesuai, peningkatan produktivitas melalui penciptaan varietas dengan adaptasi dan potensi hasil yang lebih tinggi serta perbaikan manajemen usahatani, kebijaksanaan tarif impor yang memadai untuk mendorong adopsi teknologi dan peningkatan produksi. Disamping peningkatan produktivitas dan efisiensi, perlu terus diupayakan  peningkatan stabilitas hasil, penekanan senjang hasil, kehilangan hasil saat panen dan pengolahan, serta kebijaksanaan nonharga lainnya.
Farmers Adaptation of Post Conversion Land in Subang District, West Java, Indonesia Paulus Basuki Kuwat Santoso; Widiatmaka Widiatmaka; Supiandi Sabiham; Machfud Machfud; I Wayan Rusastra
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 21 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Subang Regency has an important role as the rice supplier area. As one of the rice production centers in Indonesia, rice farmers address rice fields as an asset or resource. As an asset, farmers conduct rice farming activities in the rice fields with economical orientation and rely on their food source mainly from the rice production. Conversions of paddy fields have changed the socioeconomic balancing amongst the farmers. They responded to the changes by adapting to new conditions, thus farmers’ post-conversion responses are an interesting aspect to study. This research aimed to understand the rice farmers adaptations, which was involved 15 key informants using in-dept interviews and purposive sampling method of 164 respondents. The analysis of the interview results used the concept of adaptation based on objectives, timing, and then strengthened with relevant documents for the study area. This study found, that: 1) farmers tried to make adjustments in using the compensation funds, livelihood, professions, farming, and household needs; 2) farmers’ adaptation are their way to earn the income and maintain their livelihood, and 3) some farmers firmly stated that their adaptations have made newly more prosperous conditions for them.
DAMPAK KRISIS MONETER DAN KEBIJAKSANAAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP DAYA SAING AGRIBISNIS AYAM RAS PEDAGING DI JAWA BARAT SAPTANA -; I WAYAN RUSASTRA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 1, No. 1 Februari 2001
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Monetary and economic crisis started on the mid of 1997 has negative impact on theperformance and sustainability of poultry industry in this country. The main problem facedby broiler industry, namely: (1) Most of feed stuff are highly dependent on import; (2) Thestructure of input and output market are olygopolistic in nature; (3) Cooperative farming isnot consistently implemented; and (4) The price of input factor increased threefold due tomonetary and economic crisis. Based on those backgrounds, the objective of this study is toanalysis the impact of government policy on financial and economic feasibilities of broileragribusiness. The finding of the respective study conducted in two district (Bogor andTasikmalaya) indicated that: (1) Because of economic crisis, financial and economicprofitability of broiler industry decreases; (2) Private Cost Ratio (PCR) increased from 0,753– 0,873 to 0,851 – 0,989 due to crisis, indicating lower financial competitiveness; (3) Thevalue of DRCR before and after crisis are 0,727 – 0,976 vs. 0,790 vs. 0,917 which reveallower economic competitiveness; and (4) The value of Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC)during the economic crisis showed that broiler industry experiencing disincentive for bothinput and output market. The implication of this study in relation with the development ofbroiler industry facing the economic globalization are as follows: (1) The vertical integrationand cooperation between smallholder broiler farming and input/output industry should bestrengthening in synergistic manner; (2) In order to generate foreign exchange and highervalue added through export and product development as well as product differentiation,vertical integration for all agribusiness subsystem in broiler industry should be implemented;and (3) The establishment of cooperative broiler farming system should be conducted in theregional news of potential market and feed stuff producing regions.
KEBIJAKAN TARIF IMPOR PAHA AYAM DALAM MELINDUNGI INDUSTRI PERUNGGASAN NASIONAL MASDJIDIN SIREGAR; I WAYAN RUSASTRA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (96.482 KB)

Abstract

The objectives of this paper are to analyze the competitiveness and comparativeadvantage of broiler production and to recommend alternative policies on import tariff andnon-import tariff barriers for chicken leg-quarter (CLQ), aimed at protecting the nationalbroiler industry. The results of the analysis indicate that Indonesia has the comparativeadvantage of whole chicken, but not in the form of parting chicken, particularly CLQ. Underan assumption that the profit of broiler industry is at least 20 percent of the total broilerproduction costs, the import tariff rate for CLQ should be 100 percent of CIF value of US$630/ton. Should the profit be 25 percent and 30 percent of the total broiler production costs,the fair tariff rates would be 110 percent and 120 percent. Such an import tariff policy forCLQ should be complemented by several strategic non-tariff policies, i.e.: (i) ASUH policy(save, healthy, whole and halal) which is considered comprehensive and effective; (ii) overallreview on the implementation of halal conditions in USA; (iii) import quantity barrier forCLQ as raw material for processed meat industry; (iv) smuggling abolition and lawenforcement as the consequences of a high import tariff implementation; and (v) for theurgency and the economic viability of the national broiler industry, it is essential to carry outpolitical lobby to limit or even to stop CLQ export from USA to Indonesia.
KINERJA DAN PERSPEKTIF PENGEMBANGAN MODEL AGROPOLITAN DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI WILAYAH BERBASIS AGRIBISNIS I WAYAN RUSASTRA; HENDIARTO -; KHAIRINA M. NOEKMAN; ADE SUPRIATNA; WAHYUNING K. SEJATI; DERI HIDAYAT
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 5, No. 2 Juli 2005
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

The implementation of agropolytant have strong justification and considered to be abreakthrough program to strengthen the achievement of agribusiness development for the benefit ofthe farmers as well as regional economic development. The study consists of two main activities, i.e.:(a) To evaluate the concept and the achievement of agropolytant program; and (b) To assess the ongoingagropolytant pilot project. The strengthening of agropolytant development has to be facilitatedwith suitable strategic policies of domestic price stability, better accessibility to input market andprocessing, better urban functionality, and accelerated rural-urban flow for the benefit of rural people.In addition, the policy of agropolytant program credit scheme (BLM) have to be complemented andfacilitated with strong self-help farmer group and cooperative marketing institutional development.Agropolytant development has been able to improve farmer income, but absolutely the farmer incomeis still low, due to restricted resource endowment. Agropolytant program working group (Pokja) atregency level has well functionality, and Agropolytant Regional Management Agency (BPKAP) atprovincial and regency level are badly needed. The existence of BPKAP will have important role insupporting the efectivity, performance, and accountability of agropolytant program. Governmentsupport have been implemented well. The achievement of those facilities have to be complementedwith proper incentive system for all parties participated in agropolytant development program.
KEBIJAKAN TARIF IMPOR PAHA AYAM DALAM MELINDUNGI INDUSTRI PERUNGGASAN NASIONAL MASDJIDIN SIREGAR; I WAYAN RUSASTRA
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (96.482 KB)

Abstract

The objectives of this paper are to analyze the competitiveness and comparativeadvantage of broiler production and to recommend alternative policies on import tariff andnon-import tariff barriers for chicken leg-quarter (CLQ), aimed at protecting the nationalbroiler industry. The results of the analysis indicate that Indonesia has the comparativeadvantage of whole chicken, but not in the form of parting chicken, particularly CLQ. Underan assumption that the profit of broiler industry is at least 20 percent of the total broilerproduction costs, the import tariff rate for CLQ should be 100 percent of CIF value of US$630/ton. Should the profit be 25 percent and 30 percent of the total broiler production costs,the fair tariff rates would be 110 percent and 120 percent. Such an import tariff policy forCLQ should be complemented by several strategic non-tariff policies, i.e.: (i) ASUH policy(save, healthy, whole and halal) which is considered comprehensive and effective; (ii) overallreview on the implementation of halal conditions in USA; (iii) import quantity barrier forCLQ as raw material for processed meat industry; (iv) smuggling abolition and lawenforcement as the consequences of a high import tariff implementation; and (v) for theurgency and the economic viability of the national broiler industry, it is essential to carry outpolitical lobby to limit or even to stop CLQ export from USA to Indonesia.
Perspektif Global Penelitian untuk Pembangunan: Antisipasi Lingkungan Strategis dan Agenda R&D Pertanian I Wayan Rusastra
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 30, No 1 (2012): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v30n1.2012.49-58

Abstract

EnglishIn the globalization context the perspective contribution and redefinition of agricultural sector are changing. The multifunctional roles and inclusiveness of agriculture become stronger with their ultimate goals as a source of growth and employment, food security enhancement and poverty alleviation, as well as sustaining natural resources and agricultural development. Two fundamental global trends to take into account are inter-temporal strategic environment and anticipative agricultural R&D for development. Global strategic environment consists of biofuel development, climate change, sustainable agriculture, gender mainstreaming, and food-fuel-financial crises. On the other hand, the anticipative agricultural R&D global to get more attention is international trade transparency, technology role and food demand, incentive and investment reformation, structural transformation, and the harmonization of food security and food sovereignty development. Both aspects should be adapted and synergized in the thematic program planning and priority setting of agricultural research for development. The end target is the relevancy and effectiveness of agricultural research and achievement of agricultural development. IndonesianDalam perspektif global, telah terjadi pergeseran kontribusi dan redifinisi peran multifungsi sektor pertanian. Urgensi tentang multifungsi dan inklusifitas peran sektor pertanian semakin menguat, dengan sasaran sebagai sumber pertumbuhan dan kesempatan kerja, ketahanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan, pelestarian sumberdaya dan keberlanjutan pembangunan pertanian. Dua perkembangan fundamental global yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah dinamika lingkungan strategis dan R&D pertanian untuk pembangunan. Dinamika lingkungan strategis global mencakup pengembangan biofuel, perubahan iklim, pertanian berkelanjutan, pengarusutamaan gender, serta krisis energi, pangan, dan finansial global. Sementara itu antisipasi R&D pertanian global yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah transparansi perdagangan, peran iptek dan kebutuhan pangan, reformasi insentif dan investasi, transformasi struktural, serta harmonisasi ketahanan pangan dan kedaulatan pangan. Kedua aspek tersebut perlu diadaptasikan dan disinergikan dalam perumusan program tematik dan penetapan skala prioritas R&D pertanian untuk pembangunan. Sasaran akhirnya adalah relevansi dan efektifitas R&D dan keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian nasional.
Prospek Pengembangan Pola Tanam dan Diversifikasi Tanaman Pangan di Indonesia I Wayan Rusastra; Handewi Purwati Saliem; nFN Supriyati; nFN Saptana
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 22, No 1 (2004): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v22n1.2004.37-53

Abstract

EnglishAgricultural diversification policy has been developed since 1975 with the aim of strengthening food self-sufficiency program. This policy is followed up by research and development on cropping patterns in various agro-ecosystems with the target of providing know-how and locally specific technologies. In the future, it is necessary to evaluate potencies, impacts, constraints, and development prospect of the diversification program. Recommended cropping patterns in terms of higher production and income are not sustainable. Some required supporting policies are supply of seeds of secondary and vegetables crops, development program credit, labor-saving technology, coordinated supply of irrigation water, and extension improvement. At national level, it is necessary to develop physical infrastructure and agro-industry institution mainly for secondary and vegetable crops as the strategic precondition for agricultural diversification acceleration.IndonesianKebijakan diversifikasi usahatani telah dikembangkan sejak tahun 1975 dalam rangka memantapkan program swasembada pangan. Kebijakan ini ditindaklanjuti dengan penelitian dan pengembangan pola tanam pada berbagai agroekosistem, dengan sasaran penyediaan teknologi tepat guna spesifik lokasi. Pengembangan diversifikasi ini perlu dievaluasi potensi, dampak, kendala dan prospek pengembangannya di masa depan. Potensi pola tanam rekomendasi dalam bentuk tingkat produksi dan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi dalam pengembangannya ternyata tidak berkelanjutan. Beberapa kebijakan pendukung yang diperlukan adalah penyediaan bibit palawija dan sayuran, kredit program pengembangan, teknologi hemat tenaga kerja, koordinasi penyediaan air irigasi, dan peningkatan kinerja penyuluhan. Pada tataran makro dibutuhkan pengembangan infrastruktur fisik dan kelembagaan agroindustri (palawija dan sayuran) sebagai prakondisi strategis akselerasi diversifikasi pertanian.
PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES APPROACH TO REDUCE FLOOD IN CILIWUNG WATERSHED Tri Ratna Saridewi; Setia Hadi; Akhmad Fauzi; I Wayan Rusastra
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.2.619

Abstract

Spatial planning has already been stipulated in Ciliwung Watershed, but its implementation is often not in line with the rapid development activities.  To fulfill space demand, agricultural and forest areas are converted into open or built-up areas because the economic appreciation of forest and agricultural land is lower than that of open or built-up areas. Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is a tool designed to overcome environment mismanagement, which is beneficial for the lives of rural communities.  PES should be considered in the formulation of spatial planning. This study was aimed to develop optimum land use pattern in reducing flood in Ciliwung Watershed, using PES approach. This study used a dynamic system approach, consisting of submodels for land use pattern change, runoff, value of farmland, upstream subsidy policy, population dynamics and environmental services.  The results showed that the PES policy should be able to maintain the existence of paddy fields and dryland farming areas and to reduce runoff if it is implemented in the form of a guaranteed access to the market, and held in conjunction with efforts to prevent land conversion and to implement reforestation policies.  The optimum land use pattern under this condition shall be reached in 2023, which consisted of 0.82% water bodies, 10.74% forest areas, 70.34 % built-up areas, 8.16% dryland farming areas, 4.97% grassland areas, 2.39% paddy fields areas and 2.58% open areas. This land use pattern can reduce runoff in Ciliwung River from 972.04 to 850 cm, and this level is considered to be flood-free.  Communities living in the upstream areas are the most effective managers of the watershed.
Co-Authors Ade Supriatna Akhmad Fauzi Amiruddin Syam Arti Djatiharti Atang Sutandi CHAERUL MUSLIM Delima H.A. Darmawan DERI HIDAYAT Effendi Pasandaran Faisal Kasryno Gelar Satya Budhi Handewi Purwati Saliem HENDIARTO - KHAIRINA M. NOEKMAN Machfud Machfud Masdjidin Siregar nFN Ashari nFN Erwidodo nFN Saptana nFN Sumaryanto nFN Supriyati Nizwar Syafa'at Pantjar Simatupang Paulus B.K. Santoso Rosmijati Sayuti SAPTANA - Setia Hadi Sjarifuddin Baharsjah SRI HERY SUSILOWATI Tahlim Sudaryanto Tri Ratna Saridewi Tri Ratna Saridewi Victor T. Manurung WAHYUNING K. SEJATI Widiatmaka Yusmichad Yusdja