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All Journal Journal of Mechanical Science and Engineering AUSTENIT PETRA : Jurnal Teknologi Pendingin dan Tata Udara Jurnal Inovator JURNAL CRANKSHAFT AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) MACHINERY: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan
Dodi Tafrant
Politeknik Negeri Sriwjaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Effect of Holding Time on Hardness and Microstructure of AISI 1045 Steel after Carburizing-Quenching Process Dodi Tafrant; Rachmat Dwi Sampurno; Syamsul Rizal; Dwiki Ramadhani; Ridho Dwi Nopransyah; Wan M. Alif Alhafidz
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i2.1067

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of carburising holding time on the hardness and microstructure of AISI 1045 medium-carbon steel after quenching. The carburising process was conducted at 900°C using 100% coconut shell charcoal as the carburising medium, with holding times of 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. After carburising, the specimens were directly quenched in lubricating oil without reheating. Five specimens were prepared for each treatment condition, and hardness testing was performed according to ASTM E18 using the Rockwell B hardness scale (HRB). Five hardness measurements were conducted on each specimen to ensure repeatability. The results indicate that increasing holding time improved hardness and promoted martensitic transformation due to deeper carbon diffusion. The average hardness increased from 81.46 HRB for untreated specimens to 94.45 HRB for specimens carburized for 120 minutes. ANOVA analysis confirmed that holding time significantly affected hardness values, and regression analysis yielded an R² of 0.962. Microstructural observations revealed increasing martensite formation with longer holding times. The findings demonstrate that carburizing holding time plays an important role in improving the surface characteristics of AISI 1045 steel. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
Co-Authors Ahmad Imam Alimedi, Alimedi Andhika, Muhammad Arjuna Pratama Arnoldi, Dwi Aryaputra, Ade Dwiki Ramadhani Effendi, Sairul Ella Sundari Fernandes, Yogi Eka Fitriani, Devita Dinda Hendradinata, Hendradinata Hidayat, Randy Ismail, Iskandar Karmin Karmin, Karmin Ma’arif, Syamsul Muhammad Faizal muhammad rizki harahap Mulyadi Mulyadi Muzafar, M. Agil Ozkar F. Homzah, Ozkar F. Putri, Fenoria Rachmat Dwi Sampurno Raihan, Muhammad Sultan Ramadhan, Surya Rasid, Muhammad Rasid, Muhammad Rasid Ridho Dwi Nopransyah Rizky Brillian Yuliandi Safei Safei Sampurno, Rachmat Dwi Sani, Almadora A. Sani, Almadora Anwar Suparjo Syamsul Rizal Taufikurahman Wan M. Alif Alhafidz