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Penerapan sakralitas pada arsitektur Vihara - Museum Buddha Singgih Salim; Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo; Yuswadi Saliya
ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur Vol 7 No 1 (2022): ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur | Januari 2022 ~ April 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1087

Buddhism is one of the oldest religions in the world, and the development has led to a great change in the typology of Buddhist architecture, and caused a complex scope of the concept. This complexity is due to the absence of architectural literature that regulates the addition of supporting functions, such as profane and sacred value, in improving Buddhists' education. However, the addition of a profane function reduces sacred value and act of worship, opposes architectural design, and defiles ritual activities. Furthermore, one of the functions that provide education as well as a personal approach to Buddhism is the museum. This research aims to examine the contextual relationship between main and supporting functions, namely the sacred (worship building) and the profane (museum), respectively. And also, to display the sacred value through architectural characteristics. The analytical method used the theory of sacredness and contextuality. This was further elaborated in various architectural scopes to produce a relationship between temples and museums, that apply sacred values according to Buddhist philosophy. The research leads to differences in principles application, such as orientation, hierarchy, boundary scope, geometric shapes, symmetry, repetition, material appearance, shape synergy, zoning, processions, atmospheric ambiguity, symbolic objects, boundary guards, and gathering areas.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SITIHINGGIL OF THE PALACES IN CIREBON WITH MAJAPAHIT ARCHITECTURE BASED ON SHAPE AND SPATIAL TRANSFORMATION Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jia.v7i1.13211

There is an important old element in Kasepuhan and Kanoman Palaces called Sitihinggil. The Sitihinggil complex refers to Majapahit relics located deep in East Java. This research aims to recognize Majapahit architectural patterns in Sitihinggil Keraton in Cirebon, so it is expected that architectural relationships from the Pre-Islamic-Majapahit to the Islamic period will be identified, especially in residential buildings. The research method is carried out through a typological comparison between relics of Majapahit buildings and Sitihinggil in their architectural transformation. The study has been conducted by examining the shape transformation and the spatial pattern of the mass-spatial arrangement, figure, and ornamentation through the real form of reconstruction results and the relief picture of the Majapahit temple. This study shows a strong architectural relationship between the Sitihinggil in Kasepuhan and the architectural patterns of Majapahit era. At the same time, the Kanoman palace has changed more dynamically. Both show an architectural transformation, but Majapahit traces can still be recognized by persistent patterns such as mass patterns, figures, ornaments, and gates. This phenomenon illustrates the spirit of preservation of the past, even though the religious orientation has changed.

Influence of Mahayana-Vajrayana School on the Sacred Characteristics of Theravada Vihara in Indonesia Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo; Singgih Salim
Khazanah Theologia Vol 4, No 1 (2022): Khazanah Theologia
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/kt.v4i1.17872

After Buddha parinibbana, difference of views between his disciples in interpreting Dhamma result in the creation of three main Buddhist schools: Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. With slightly different philosophies, these schools also have their own unique architectural characteristics to represent sacredness. However, due to the absence of any architectural literature, wide interpretations of Buddhist teachings, and acculturation with local culture, sacred characteristics of Buddhist architecture became mixed and difficult to distinguish. This research aims to study the influence of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools on the sacred characteristics of Theravada Buddhist architecture in Indonesia. Elaboration of Buddhist architecture and sacredness theory are used to analyse case study in surrounding environment, figure, mass structure, spatial planning, and ornamentation scope to obtain comprehensive acculturation picture of Mahayana and Vajrayana philosophy on Theravada vihara in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the circular shape that was characteristic of the early Theravada school in the architectural form of the monastery began to be abandoned and the use of anthropomorphic Buddha and iconic symbols as ornamentation elements which were only known in the development of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools.

Telaah Nilai Kontekstualitas pada Konfigurasi Rancangan Masjid Menara Kudus Muhammad - Rakha; Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Jurnal Arsitektur TERRACOTTA Vol 3, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Itenas, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/terracotta.v3i3.7015

Dewasa ini, semakin banyak dijumpai rancangan arsitektur yang berusaha tampil berbeda tanpa mempedulikan konteks lingkungan sekitarnya. Kurang disorotinya kontekstualitas dalam rancangan menjadi fenomena yang mengkhawatirkan, khususnya bagi bangunan maupun kawasan bersejarah. Pasalnya, arsitektur yang tidak kontekstual membuat keharmonisan dan kesan kesatuan antar bangunan dan sekitarnya menjadi berkurang. Penelitian ini pada dasarnya berusaha memfokuskan pada pembahasan kontekstualitas pada rancangan Masjid Menara Kudus yang telah mengalami adisi, ekspansi dan renovasi. Dilakukannya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana nilai kontekstualitas rancangan terwujud pada rancangan Masjid Menara Kudus, beserta aspek-aspek apa saja yang mempengaruhinya. Analisis pada penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori tipomorfologi arsitektur yang digunakan untuk membedah konfigurasi rancangan objek studi dan teori kontekstualitas yang digunakan untuk menalaah pendekatan-pendekatan kontekstual beserta aspek-aspek apa saja yang menjadi indikatornya. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan temuan bahwa terdapat dua lingkup rancangan yang memiliki nilai kontekstualitas yang ideal dan dua lingkup rancangan lainnya yang kurang mencerminkan konsep rancangan kontekstual pada Masjid Menara Kudus. Pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan lima aspek rancangan yang berperan penting mempengaruhi nilai kontekstualitas Masjid Menara Kudus.

ADAPTIVE REUSE GUIDELINES ON WARENHUIS MEDANANDURBAN HERITAGE ENVIRONMENT Denny Winata; Rumi Rosaline Tobing; Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Ide dan Dialog Desain Indonesia (Idealog) Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Idealog Vol 8 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Telkom

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25124/idealog.v8i1.5508

Heritage buildings indicate the rich history of Indonesian civilization by its relation to history, culture, politics, and economics. Warenhuis as a class A heritage building within Medan’s historic district, play an important role in trading commodity. It possesses immense historical and cultural significancedespite being poorly maintained and neglected. The building suffered serious damage due to a fire outbreakand has not been revitalized. Furthermore, the adaptive reuse approach provides development guidelines that preserve and optimize the historic building’s tangible and intangible qualities. Urban regeneration guidelinesfor the surrounding heritage environment also need to be maintained to maintain the spatial qualityof Warenhuis Medan. Adaptive reuse is implemented in the revitalization of historical architecture andtheregeneration of Medan’s Warenhuis environment. This qualitative study uses case studies research methodtoproduce revitalization guidelines on Medan’s Warenhuis and development guidelines on its historical urbanspaces. Theoretical foundations, such as building adaptation theory, heritage regulations, and tradingcityconcept are used to dissect case studies. Battersea Arts Centre and Beloit College Powerhouse. Objectives of this research are to formulate and to implement adaptive reuse concept in the revitalization of Warehuisarchitecture and the development of its historic environment. Theoretical reference in this study includesbuilding adaptation theory and heritage law that are used to analyse case studies Battersea Arts Centre andBeloit College Powerhouse. The objectives are to formulate and to adapt adaptive reuse in revitalizeWarenhuis and its surrounding environment. The objectives were achieved by identifying Warenhuis’ urbancontext and heritage characteristics based on four factors in adaptation building: legal & economy, culture&social, and built environment. Research findings generates 7 points of heritage revitalization guidelines onWarenhuis and 12 points of guidelines in its urban regeneration. Keywords : adaptive reuse, building adaptation, heritage, Medan’s Warenhuis

Traces of Islamic Architecture in the Design of the 'Gedung Sate' in Bandung Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 7, No 3 (2023): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jia.v7i3.16932

Gedung Sate was built to accommodate various architectural styles derived from local and foreign elements. The local elements have been widely studied, such as those relating to the architecture of the 'Candi' on the island of Java. Many external elements are associated with the Moorish European style and that of the Dutch. However, according to the elements, it also indicates the existence of Indian Islamic architecture, the Mughal style. This study of the Islamic elements of Mughal India has not been pursued or presented any further. This study aims to identify the traces of Islamic architecture in the Gedung Sate, especially those derived from the Mughal, Moorish and local styles. This research method used a qualitative approach by studying the morphology of Gedung Sate and Mughal or Moorish buildings to identify the relationship between their architectural elements. The results show that Gedung Sate does indeed show the use of Mughal architectural elements, especially in the outer layout and mass, processing of the figure section, and the ornamental exterior column, while the Moorish influence is more visible in the processing of curved elements and column heads and slender interior columns showing light elements. The idea of using Islamic architecture is carried out to represent the splendor in the typology of new buildings in the prospective capital city of the Netherlands Indies, namely Bandung. Indian architecture is used as a reference because it is considered to have a close relationship with Candi as an important resource in Java.

STUDI TRANSFORMASI ARSITEKTUR CANDI BATU DIENG DITINJAU DARI ANATOMI, TEKTONIKA, PROPORSI, TATA RUANG DAN MASSA SERTA WUJUD REKONSTRUKSI VIRTUALNYA Michael Steven Nugroho; Rahadhian P. Herwindo
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 7 No 03 (2023): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v7i03.7004.317-333

Abstract - Dieng Temple is one of the oldest stone temple clusters in Central Java and stores about 400 stone temples and now only 9 temples are left standing intact or partially collapsed. Batu Dieng Temple holds a lot of history of architectural development and transformation in the 7th to 8th centuries. The tectonics and architectural anatomy of Batu Dieng Temple can provide evidence of the progress and technology of Nusantara construction in that century, Batu Dieng Temple also stores stories about the relationship between Archipelago Temple Architecture with Temple Architecture in other places such as in North and South India. This study found that there were various kinds of transformations that were studied through the architectural transformation theory written by Mustafa (2010) such as the transformation of creation, cultural borrowing, and variants. In addition, this study also provides an overview of the temples in Dieng that have been found collapsed, such as the head of the Srikandi, Gatotkaca, and Dwarawati temples. Keywords: Batu Temple Architecture, Batu Dieng Temple. Temple Reconstruction, Tectonics, Anatomy

Traces of Islamic Architecture in the Design of the 'Gedung Sate' in Bandung Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 7, No 3 (2023): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jia.v7i3.16932

Gedung Sate was built to accommodate various architectural styles derived from local and foreign elements. The local elements have been widely studied, such as those relating to the architecture of the 'Candi' on the island of Java. Many external elements are associated with the Moorish European style and that of the Dutch. However, according to the elements, it also indicates the existence of Indian Islamic architecture, the Mughal style. This study of the Islamic elements of Mughal India has not been pursued or presented any further. This study aims to identify the traces of Islamic architecture in the Gedung Sate, especially those derived from the Mughal, Moorish and local styles. This research method used a qualitative approach by studying the morphology of Gedung Sate and Mughal or Moorish buildings to identify the relationship between their architectural elements. The results show that Gedung Sate does indeed show the use of Mughal architectural elements, especially in the outer layout and mass, processing of the figure section, and the ornamental exterior column, while the Moorish influence is more visible in the processing of curved elements and column heads and slender interior columns showing light elements. The idea of using Islamic architecture is carried out to represent the splendor in the typology of new buildings in the prospective capital city of the Netherlands Indies, namely Bandung. Indian architecture is used as a reference because it is considered to have a close relationship with Candi as an important resource in Java.

POTENSI KONSERVASI ARSITEKTUR UNTUK KAWASAN WISATA KAMPUNG ARAB DI CIREBON Prayuko, Bregas Vikri; Arif, Kamal Abdullah; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi; Purnama, Mimie; Pangestu, Mira Dewi; Purnama, Iwan; Nurhidayah, Nurhidayah; Grasella, Patricia; Lisa, Teresa; Ramadhan, Gibran
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sabangka Vol 2 No 05 (2023): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sabangka
Publisher : Pusat Studi Ekonomi, Publikasi Ilmiah dan Pengembangan SDM Azramedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62668/sabangka.v2i05.781

Kawasan Panjunan Cirebon merupakan salah satu kawasan yang memiliki nilai sejarah yang penting dalam perkembangan kota Cirebon. Panjunan memiliki bangunan cagar budaya Masjid Merah Panjunan, yang dibangun sejak 1480 dan merupakan salah satu masjid tertua di Cirebon. Kawasan ini juga hidup dan memiliki peran penting pada zaman kolonialisme Indonesia. Tidak heran bahwa bangunan-bangunan yang ada di kawasan ini sangat beragam. Hal tersebut nampak dalam studi langgam yang disandingkan dengan keadaan visual (tampak) bangunan pada kawasan Panjunan. Dengan demikian beberapa bangunan yang ada di kawasan ini memiliki potensi konservasi arsitektur. Upaya konservasi arsitektur dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan bangunan-bangunan yang berpotensi untuk dikonservasi berdasarkan tampaknya, dilanjutkan dengan usulan penerapan adaptive reuse untuk bangunan terpilih, serta mendeskripsikan potensi revitalisasi cagar budaya yang ada di sana. Beberapa bangunan terpilih memiliki potensi konservasi dapat dipugar difungsikan secara optimal. Upaya yang dilakukan tidak hanya mendukung konservasi arsitektur melainkan juga dapat mendukung keadaan ekonomi, sosial budaya, bahkan pariwisata kawasan Panjunan, Cirebon. Potensi konservasi akan terjadi secara maksimal jika diupayakan juga revitalisasi pada cagar budaya yang ada pada kawasan Panjunan yang kini kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Dengan dilakukannya revitalisasi, value atau nilai dari cagar budaya tersebut dapat meningkat. Kawasan Panjunan dengan langgam bangunan yang beragam menjadi semakin menarik dengan potensi konservasi arsitekturnya. Dengan demikian perkembangan kawasan selanjutnya juga diharapkan dapat berdampingan dengan upaya konservasinya sehingga tetap dapat melestarikan peninggalan sejarah yang membentuk identitas kawasan dari dulu hingga kini.

ADAPTIVE REUSE GUIDELINES ON WARENHUIS MEDAN AND URBAN HERITAGE ENVIRONMENT Winata, Denny; Tobing, Rumi Rosaline; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi
Ide dan Dialog Desain Indonesia (Idealog) Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Idealog Vol 8 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Telkom

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25124/idealog.v8i1.5508

Heritage buildings indicate the rich history of Indonesian civilization by its relation to history, culture, politics, and economics. Warenhuis as a class A heritage building within Medan’s historic district, play an important role in trading commodity. It possesses immense historical and cultural significancedespite being poorly maintained and neglected. The building suffered serious damage due to a fire outbreakand has not been revitalized. Furthermore, the adaptive reuse approach provides development guidelines that preserve and optimize the historic building’s tangible and intangible qualities. Urban regeneration guidelinesfor the surrounding heritage environment also need to be maintained to maintain the spatial qualityof Warenhuis Medan. Adaptive reuse is implemented in the revitalization of historical architecture andtheregeneration of Medan’s Warenhuis environment. This qualitative study uses case studies research method to produce revitalization guidelines on Medan’s Warenhuis and development guidelines on its historical urban spaces. Theoretical foundations, such as building adaptation theory, heritage regulations, and trading city concept are used to dissect case studies. Battersea Arts Centre and Beloit College Powerhouse. Objectives of this research are to formulate and to implement adaptive reuse concept in the revitalization of Warehuisarchitecture and the development of its historic environment. Theoretical reference in this study includesbuilding adaptation theory and heritage law that are used to analyse case studies Battersea Arts Centre andBeloit College Powerhouse. The objectives are to formulate and to adapt adaptive reuse in revitalize Warenhuis and its surrounding environment. The objectives were achieved by identifying Warenhuis’ urban context and heritage characteristics based on four factors in adaptation building: legal & economy, culture&social, and built environment. Research findings generates 7 points of heritage revitalization guidelines on Warenhuis and 12 points of guidelines in its urban regeneration. Keywords : adaptive reuse, building adaptation, heritage, Medan’s Warenhuis

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