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STUDI RELASI ARSITEKTUR CANDI MAJAPAHIT PADA BANGUNAN PURA DI BALI SELATAN Richard Adithya, Keithdavin; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 9 No 01 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i01.8939.78-97

Abstrak - Candi dan pura adalah bangunan yang difungsikan sebagai tempat bersembahyang, perbedaan kedua bangunan ini terletak pada penggunaannya pada saat ini. Candi identik dengan tempat pemujaan bagi leluhur dan menjadi tempat penyimpanan abu bangsawan namun saat ini tidak aktif digunakan, Pura di Bali menjadi tempat yang masih aktif digunakan masyarakat untuk bersembahyang. Melihat kesetaraan fungsi antara candi dan pura, lebih jauh lagi dapat ditinjau dari konteks historis terhadap perkembangan keduanya. Berdasarkan konteks sejarah, Bali dikuasai oleh kerajaan Majapahit dan

KAJIAN HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR MAJAPAHIT DENGAN ARSITEKTUR KERATON SURAKARTA DAN YOGYAKARTA DITINJAU DARI TATANAN RUANG, WUJUD, ORNAMENTASI, DAN TEKTONIKA Stein, Ethan; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian; Nirwan , Enrico
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9205.152-171

Abstract - The Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms emerged in Indonesia due to trade relations with other countries such as India, China, and the Middle East. One of the largest Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms with a vast territory covering the Nusantara region was the Majapahit Kingdom. Centered in East Java, this kingdom had a significant influence on the development of architecture in Indonesia, especially in Java, which was the center of governance at that time. One of the factors that led to the downfall of the Majapahit Kingdom was the phenomenon of Islamization. This led to the rapid growth of Islamic kingdoms on the island of Java. One prominent Islamic kingdom during that period was the Mataram Sultanate. The palaces established during the Mataram Sultanate included Keraton Kutagede, Kerta, Plered, Kartasura, and Surakarta Hadiningrat. In 1755, the Mataram Sultanate split due to power struggles, resulting in the establishment of the Surakarta Hadiningrat Sunanate and the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate. As a result, the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace was built in 1755. This research employs a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research data was obtained from literature studies, field observations, and interviews with experts. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between Majapahit architecture and the palace buildings in Surakarta and Yogyakarta in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. Although the establishment of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces occurred long after the Majapahit Kingdom, it is expected that Majapahit architecture had an influence on the architecture of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces. However, it is possible that certain elements of Majapahit architecture have been lost over time due to cultural assimilation and adaptation to Islam. The analysis is conducted in a comparative manner and presented in the form of tables with accompanying explanations. From the comparative analysis, it is indeed evident that there are influence of Majapahit architecture on the palaces of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, which can be observed in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. The conclusion drawn from this research is that there is continuity and cultural acculturation between Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures, which has influenced the design of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces to this day. Keywords: Majapahit Architecture, Surakarta Palace, Yogyakarta Palace, Spatial Orders, Shapes, Ornamentation, Tectonics

REVITALISASI ARSITEKTUR PADA KAWASAN PANJUNAN SEBAGAI KAMPUNG WISATA WARISAN BUDAYA DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA DI KOTA CIREBON Prayuko, Bregas Vikri; Arif, Kamal Abdullah; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi; Pangestu, Mira Dewi; Lumunon, Austensean Stanislaus; Nurhidayah, Nurhidayah; Purnama, Iwan; Rachmansyah, Bima Sakti; Bangun, Patricia Grasella Savalen; Rayhansyah, Muhammad Azka; Alphadianto, Andanti Eveline Emmanuella; Wijaya, Aileen Febriani
SUBAKTYA: UNPAR COMMUNITY SERVICE JOURNAL Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): (DESEMBER 2024) SUBAKTYA: UNPAR Community Service Journal
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/sucsj.v1i2.7957.1-15

Kota Cirebon, di Jawa Barat, kaya akan sejarah dan budaya namun belum memiliki perkembangan yang pesat dalam aspek pariwisatanya. Kampung Panjunan potensial untuk dikembangkan, dengan kolaborasi antara Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Cirebon (STT Cirebon) dan Jurusan Arsitektur Universitas Katolik Parahyangan (UNPAR) bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran mahasiswa terhadap pengembangan pariwisata berbasis arsitektur dan budaya di Jawa Barat. Melibatkan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Cirebon dan Badan Perencanaan, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan Kota Cirebon. Panjunan memiliki Masjid Merah yang kaya budaya, dibangun tahun 1480, salah satu masjid tertua di Cirebon, memiliki potensi pariwisata religi dan budaya. Pemerintah kota mendukung pengembangan pariwisata dan wisata lokal. Keterlibatan masyarakat dimulai dengan mempelajari aspek sosial-budaya Panjunan, memetakan budayanya, mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisik dan spasial untuk menjaga akar sejarahnya, termasuk pembentukan desa wisata. Hasilnya termasuk rencana konseptual untuk pengembangan pariwisata Panjunan dan dokumen pendukung untuk revitalisasi daerah tersebut, berdampak pada aspek fisik, ekonomi, dan sosial-budaya kawasan Panjunan.

Transforming Sundanese Local Values as an Architectural Identity of a Creative Hub in Bandung City Al Iskandar, Muhammad Bhuana Yusuf; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi
Jurnal Arsitektur ZONASI Vol 8, No 3 (2025): JURNAL ARSITEKTUR ZONASI OKTOBER 2025
Publisher : KBK Peracangan Arsitektur dan Kota Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Pendidikan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/jaz.v8i3.86381

Globalization has blurred local identity in architecture, resulting in public buildings that appear homogeneous and fail to reflect the cultural context of their surroundings. This phenomenon is evident in the city of Bandung, which despite its international recognition as a Creative City still faces challenges in optimizing creative hub buildings to meaningfully represent local identity and the dynamic nature of its creative industries. This gap between the city's creative image and its architectural expression leads to emotional disconnection between users and space, weakening the city’s narrative through architecture. This study aims to examine how creative hub architecture can represent local identity by transforming Sundanese cultural values into an adaptive and contextual design approach. The research employs a qualitative, descriptive, analytical, and interpretative method, focusing on the analysis of site, building mass, spatial layout, facade, and decorative elements. The study explores the potential of Sundanese cultural values in shaping architectural identity. The analysis is based on architectural identity theory, creative hub design classifications, and architectural metaphor theory that emphasizes symbolic representation, sense of place, and contextual connectivity. The findings reveal that integrating local values into design elements can create a strong, communicative, and contextually relevant architectural identity. This research highlights that identity representation is not solely achieved through formal expression but also through metaphorical approaches that embody intangible cultural values. The study contributes to the development of locality based creative hub design and supports the preservation of architectural identity in the face of globalization.

STUDI RELASI ARSITEKTUR CANDI MAJAPAHIT PADA BANGUNAN PURA DI BALI SELATAN Richard Adithya, Keithdavin; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 01 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i01.8939.78-97

Abstrak - Candi dan pura adalah bangunan yang difungsikan sebagai tempat bersembahyang, perbedaan kedua bangunan ini terletak pada penggunaannya pada saat ini. Candi identik dengan tempat pemujaan bagi leluhur dan menjadi tempat penyimpanan abu bangsawan namun saat ini tidak aktif digunakan, Pura di Bali menjadi tempat yang masih aktif digunakan masyarakat untuk bersembahyang. Melihat kesetaraan fungsi antara candi dan pura, lebih jauh lagi dapat ditinjau dari konteks historis terhadap perkembangan keduanya. Berdasarkan konteks sejarah, Bali dikuasai oleh kerajaan Majapahit dan

KAJIAN HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR MAJAPAHIT DENGAN ARSITEKTUR KERATON SURAKARTA DAN YOGYAKARTA DITINJAU DARI TATANAN RUANG, WUJUD, ORNAMENTASI, DAN TEKTONIKA Stein, Ethan; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian; Nirwan , Enrico
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9205.152-171

Abstract - The Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms emerged in Indonesia due to trade relations with other countries such as India, China, and the Middle East. One of the largest Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms with a vast territory covering the Nusantara region was the Majapahit Kingdom. Centered in East Java, this kingdom had a significant influence on the development of architecture in Indonesia, especially in Java, which was the center of governance at that time. One of the factors that led to the downfall of the Majapahit Kingdom was the phenomenon of Islamization. This led to the rapid growth of Islamic kingdoms on the island of Java. One prominent Islamic kingdom during that period was the Mataram Sultanate. The palaces established during the Mataram Sultanate included Keraton Kutagede, Kerta, Plered, Kartasura, and Surakarta Hadiningrat. In 1755, the Mataram Sultanate split due to power struggles, resulting in the establishment of the Surakarta Hadiningrat Sunanate and the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate. As a result, the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace was built in 1755. This research employs a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research data was obtained from literature studies, field observations, and interviews with experts. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between Majapahit architecture and the palace buildings in Surakarta and Yogyakarta in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. Although the establishment of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces occurred long after the Majapahit Kingdom, it is expected that Majapahit architecture had an influence on the architecture of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces. However, it is possible that certain elements of Majapahit architecture have been lost over time due to cultural assimilation and adaptation to Islam. The analysis is conducted in a comparative manner and presented in the form of tables with accompanying explanations. From the comparative analysis, it is indeed evident that there are influence of Majapahit architecture on the palaces of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, which can be observed in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. The conclusion drawn from this research is that there is continuity and cultural acculturation between Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures, which has influenced the design of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces to this day. Keywords: Majapahit Architecture, Surakarta Palace, Yogyakarta Palace, Spatial Orders, Shapes, Ornamentation, Tectonics

POTENSI KONSERVASI ARSITEKTUR UNTUK KAWASAN WISATA KAMPUNG ARAB DI CIREBON Prayuko, Bregas Vikri; Arif, Kamal Abdullah; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi; Purnama, Mimie; Pangestu, Mira Dewi; Purnama, Iwan; Nurhidayah, Nurhidayah; Grasella, Patricia; Lisa, Teresa; Ramadhan, Gibran
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sabangka Vol 2 No 05 (2023): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sabangka
Publisher : Pusat Studi Ekonomi, Publikasi Ilmiah dan Pengembangan SDM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62668/sabangka.v2i05.781

Kawasan Panjunan Cirebon merupakan salah satu kawasan yang memiliki nilai sejarah yang penting dalam perkembangan kota Cirebon. Panjunan memiliki bangunan cagar budaya Masjid Merah Panjunan, yang dibangun sejak 1480 dan merupakan salah satu masjid tertua di Cirebon. Kawasan ini juga hidup dan memiliki peran penting pada zaman kolonialisme Indonesia. Tidak heran bahwa bangunan-bangunan yang ada di kawasan ini sangat beragam. Hal tersebut nampak dalam studi langgam yang disandingkan dengan keadaan visual (tampak) bangunan pada kawasan Panjunan. Dengan demikian beberapa bangunan yang ada di kawasan ini memiliki potensi konservasi arsitektur. Upaya konservasi arsitektur dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan bangunan-bangunan yang berpotensi untuk dikonservasi berdasarkan tampaknya, dilanjutkan dengan usulan penerapan adaptive reuse untuk bangunan terpilih, serta mendeskripsikan potensi revitalisasi cagar budaya yang ada di sana. Beberapa bangunan terpilih memiliki potensi konservasi dapat dipugar difungsikan secara optimal. Upaya yang dilakukan tidak hanya mendukung konservasi arsitektur melainkan juga dapat mendukung keadaan ekonomi, sosial budaya, bahkan pariwisata kawasan Panjunan, Cirebon. Potensi konservasi akan terjadi secara maksimal jika diupayakan juga revitalisasi pada cagar budaya yang ada pada kawasan Panjunan yang kini kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Dengan dilakukannya revitalisasi, value atau nilai dari cagar budaya tersebut dapat meningkat. Kawasan Panjunan dengan langgam bangunan yang beragam menjadi semakin menarik dengan potensi konservasi arsitekturnya. Dengan demikian perkembangan kawasan selanjutnya juga diharapkan dapat berdampingan dengan upaya konservasinya sehingga tetap dapat melestarikan peninggalan sejarah yang membentuk identitas kawasan dari dulu hingga kini.

REVITALISASI ARSITEKTUR PADA KAWASAN PANJUNAN SEBAGAI KAMPUNG WISATA WARISAN BUDAYA DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA DI KOTA CIREBON Prayuko, Bregas Vikri; Arif, Kamal Abdullah; Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi; Pangestu, Mira Dewi; Lumunon, Austensean Stanislaus; Nurhidayah, Nurhidayah; Purnama, Iwan; Rachmansyah, Bima Sakti; Bangun, Patricia Grasella Savalen; Rayhansyah, Muhammad Azka; Alphadianto, Andanti Eveline Emmanuella; Wijaya, Aileen Febriani
SUBAKTYA: UNPAR COMMUNITY SERVICE JOURNAL Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): (DESEMBER 2024) SUBAKTYA: UNPAR Community Service Journal
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/sucsj.v1i2.7957.1-15

Kota Cirebon, di Jawa Barat, kaya akan sejarah dan budaya namun belum memiliki perkembangan yang pesat dalam aspek pariwisatanya. Kampung Panjunan potensial untuk dikembangkan, dengan kolaborasi antara Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Cirebon (STT Cirebon) dan Jurusan Arsitektur Universitas Katolik Parahyangan (UNPAR) bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran mahasiswa terhadap pengembangan pariwisata berbasis arsitektur dan budaya di Jawa Barat. Melibatkan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Cirebon dan Badan Perencanaan, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan Kota Cirebon. Panjunan memiliki Masjid Merah yang kaya budaya, dibangun tahun 1480, salah satu masjid tertua di Cirebon, memiliki potensi pariwisata religi dan budaya. Pemerintah kota mendukung pengembangan pariwisata dan wisata lokal. Keterlibatan masyarakat dimulai dengan mempelajari aspek sosial-budaya Panjunan, memetakan budayanya, mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisik dan spasial untuk menjaga akar sejarahnya, termasuk pembentukan desa wisata. Hasilnya termasuk rencana konseptual untuk pengembangan pariwisata Panjunan dan dokumen pendukung untuk revitalisasi daerah tersebut, berdampak pada aspek fisik, ekonomi, dan sosial-budaya kawasan Panjunan.

PENDAMPINGAN IDENTIFIKASI KAWASAN LAPANGAN JALAN KEBUMEN CIREBON UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA ARSITEKTUR KOTA CIREBON Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi; Arif, Kamal Abdullah; Pangestu, Mira Dewi; S, Alwin; Yusnita, Nancy; Tedja, Suwardi; Bangun, Patricia Grasella Savalen; Alphadianto, Andanti Eveline Emmanuella; Wijaya , Aileen Febriani; Rachmansyah , Bima Sakti; Puspaningrum , Puspaningrum; Attariqsyah , Dimaz Daffa; Purnama, Iwan; Hidayah, Nur; Andriani, Yovita
Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENGABDIAN VOL. 11 NO. 2 JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Departemen Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UNHAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jdp.v11i2.46381

Kota Cirebon memiliki kekayaan peninggalan arsitektur masa lalu. Kawasan bersejarah yang belum banyak dikembangkan lebih lanjut adalah Cirebon 0 Km yakni Lapangan Kebumen dan juga sebagai bekas area Benteng VOC. Kawasan ini terlihat kehilangan identitas sebagai kawasan kota lama era Kolonial dan tidak tertata dengan baik serta terkesan mati. Oleh karena itu sesuai dengan visi-misi arsitektur Unpar untuk mengembangkan potensi lokal di Jawa Barat diangkat ke tataran global, maka tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah upaya pendampingan identifikasi bangunan kuno peninggalan Belanda awal untuk mendukung penghidupan kawasan ini menjadi tempat wisata kota yang berbasis pada nilai-nilai lokal sehingga dapat mendukung kemajuan pariwisata Kota Cirebon ke depan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya ke arah revitalisasi yakni penghidupan sebuah area kota maupun kawasan yang telah menurun fungsinya dari kehidupan sosial dan budaya maupun dalam aspek ekonomi. Metode awal yang dilakukan adalah dengan identifikasi bangunan melalui pemetaan dan pendokumentasian bangunan yang diduga cagar budaya. Hasil yang dikerjakan pada tahap ini adalah berupa identifikasi dan kajian bangunan tua untuk dapat nantinya diangkat sebagai cagar budaya untuk era kolonial awal di Cirebon. Hasil pengadian kepada masyarakat ini dapat digunakan sebagai landasan untuk penetapan menuju kawasan cagar budaya dan kegiatan tahun berikutnya berupa pengembangan konsep revitalisasi arsitektural kawasan tua kolonial awal Cirebon dalam mendukung pariwisata kota. Kata kunci: Lapangan Kebumen, identifikasi, cagar budaya, kolonial, pemetaan. ABSTRACT The city of Cirebon has a wealth of architectural heritage from the past. An undeveloped historical area is Cirebon 0 Km, namely Kebumen Field, which was also the site of the former VOC Fort. This area seems to have lost its identity as an old colonial city and is poorly organized and appears lifeless. Therefore, in line with Unpar's architectural vision and mission to develop the local potential of West Java to a global level, the objective of this community service activity is to assist in the identification of ancient Dutch colonial buildings to support the revitalization of this area into a city tourist destination based on local values, thereby supporting the future development of tourism in the city of Cirebon. Therefore, efforts towards revitalization are needed, namely the revitalization of urban areas and regions that have declined in terms of social and cultural life as well as economic aspects. The initial method used is the identification of buildings through mapping and documentation of buildings suspected of being cultural heritage sites. The results of this stage are the identification and study of old buildings that can later be designated as cultural heritage sites for the early colonial era in Cirebon. The results of this community service can be used as a basis for establishing a cultural heritage area and next year's activities in the form of developing a concept for the architectural revitalization of Cirebon's early colonial old town to support city tourism. Keywords: Kebumen Square, identification, cultural-heritage, colonial, mapping.

RELASI ARSITEKTUR MATARAM KUNO TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KUIL INDIA UTARA DAN SELATAN: DITINJAU DARI SOSOK-TEKTONIKA, TATA MASSA-RUANG, DAN ORNAMENTASI H. B. Danuleksono, Samuel; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 5 No 04 (2021): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v5i04.5298.334-347

Abstract- Hinduism is a religion that was born in India and has developed rapidly into the archipelago with evidence of Sanskrit inscriptions and Pallava. The religion had a significant influence on Java which changed the political, economic, social and cultural life which at that time was still a kingdom. The arrival of Indians to Indonesia affected by the reverse flow between Indonesia and India and India and Indonesia. This can be seen by the presence of Indonesian dormitories in Nalanda (North India) and Nagapattinam (South India). The influence of North and South India can be seen from the existence of Hindu-Buddhist temples in the Archipelago which was built in one of the Hindu kingdoms, namely the Kingdom of Ancient Mataram which had areas of authority from Central Java to East Java. The temples that were built are thought to have an identity with temples in North and South India in terms of figure, inner space tectonics, mass layout, spatial planning, and ornamentation. This identity is thought to be a close relationship between North India and South India with Indonesia, especially in the era of Ancient Mataram. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship or relationship of Ancient Mataram era temple architecture to North and South Indian temple architecture. The analysis method used is the comparative – qualitative method. Work plans, plans, pieces, site plans, and block plans of 28 Hindu-Buddha tower types in Central Java will be compared in terms of similarities and differences and then analyzed regarding the position of the laying, and elements of the temple so that the relationship between the two countries is found. Data obtained from literature studies and field surveys. The conclusion drawn from this study is that there is a closer relationship with South India than North India. The influence of North India and South India is only limited to the external appearance in the study of figure and ornamentation, while in the study of mass and spatial planning and inner space tectonics is more developed by the people of Ancient Mataram which is adjusted to traditional values and natural influences. Key Words: figure, tectonics, mass layout, spatial planning, ornamentation, North and South India, Ancient Mataram

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