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All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Reaktor BERKALA FISIKA SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA YOUNGSTER PHYSICS JOURNAL Edumatsains Journal of Physics and Its Applications Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Eko Hidayanto
Departemen Fisika, Fakultas Sains Dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang Telp./Fax. (024)74680822/(024) 74680822
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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ANALYSIS OF ALKALINE AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS IN STANDARD SAMPLES BY LIQUID ELECTRODE PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER Hidayanto, Eko; Yamamoto, Takashi; Kawai, Jun
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 18 Issue 1 Year 2010
Publisher : JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA

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ABSTRACT---Sodium,  potassium and calcium  in  standard sample solution  were analyzed with  a portable analyzer  of  liquid  electrode  plasma optical emission spectrometer  (LEP-OES) to assess  its validity for  quantitative  analysis. Reproducibility  and sensitivity  were  investigated  using  different  disposal  sample chip  and applied voltage.  ln  the applied voltage of  800 V, there is no  increasing period  of emission  intensity by  consecutive measuremenl  and  the  relative  standard deviation  among  chips  was  less  than  20%.  The sensitivity  of  emission  intensity  for  Na  and K  were  proportional  to  the  applied  voltage, but  Ca  wasexponential.  The  sensitivity  was  different  by  kinds  of  element  and  applied  voltage.  According  to  its reproducibility,  the spectrometer would  be used  for quantitative  analysis.Permalink : http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/sm/article/view/3115
Design of Non-Invasive Glucometer using Microcontroller ATMega-8535 Hidayanto, Eko; Sutanto, Heri; Arifin, Zaenal
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 23 Issue 3 Year 2015
Publisher : JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA

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Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or diabetes could be indicated by measuring blood sugar levels in the body. One of the health technology to detect blood sugar in non-invasive is to utilize the absorption of laser light and oxymeter sensor capable of generating a voltage change on a variety of fluid medium. This study has been designed using the blood sugar measuring device microcontroller ATMega 8535 as a minimum system in controlling the value of output in the form of data digital. System/equipment to be fabricated in this study is a non-invasive method (without injuring the patient's body when taking a blood sample) to determine the blood sugar content by exploiting the physical properties of absorption of laser sensors on a variety of blood sugar content. To improve the quality of the test data used 8-bit microcontroller that is capable of separating the output data 256 bits (binary). Each of these bit values can be used to replace manual sensor test results that have analogue voltage output of the data. This analogue data will then be converted to analogue to digital converter (ADC) into digital values are displayed in the liquid crystal display (LCD) that is directly readable by the measured/patients in a short period of time less than 5 minutes. The results of the research can be developed into a national program providing portable medical test equipment is cheap and movable. Keywords: DM, Blood Sugar, Sensor of Oxymeter, Red Laser, Microcontroller ATMega 8535
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVEL (DRL) MODALITAS CT SCAN SEBAGAI UPAYA OPTIMASI PROTEKSI DAN KESELAMATAN RADIASI DI BERBAGAI NEGARA Duandini, Ega; Etika, Eva Anggun; Nurulita, Syaphira Faza; Hidayanto, Eko
BERKALA FISIKA Vol 24, No 3 (2021): Berkala Fisika
Publisher : BERKALA FISIKA

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Computed  Tomography  (CT)  Scan  had  grown  since  its  first  discover  at  1972.  Now,  CT  Scan  is the  most  capable  radiodiagnostic  modality  for  detecting  human  anatomy  in  a  short  time. However, CT Scan has the highest dose among another radiodiagnostic modalities. If radiation dose  exposure  exceeds  the  limit,  it  will  cause  any  serious  disease,  such  as  cancer.  Based  on Mathews  et  al  research  in  Australia,  in  2016,  there  are  3150  from  680211  cancer  patient  ever exposured by CT Scan one year before. From the research,  it is known that there is effect after exposured  by  CT  Scan.  Therefore,  supervision  is  needed  in  an  effort  to  ensure  protective efficiency  and  safety  of  radiation  against  radiation  workers,  patients  and  communities,  among them with the diagnostic reference level (DRL). The DRL is the value of a dose or rate of dosage or  activity  established  by  a  data  dose  or  rate  of  dosage  or  activity  that  X-ray  medical examinations  result  from  each  type  of  examination.  The  value  of  the  DRL  is  recommended  on quartile  3  (75  percentiles)  of  a  fragmented  dose  data  obtained  from  the  median  value.  This research  focused  on  the  CT  scan  modality  for  inspection.  And  obtained  CTDIvol  and  DLP grades.  In  this  research,  obtainer  DRL  value  for  CT  Chest  10.99  mGy  CTDIvol  and  411.71 mGy.cm DLP, and for CT Abdomen 17.84 mGy CTDIvol and 1298.58 mGy.cm DLP.
Synthesized of Double Layer Thin Film ZnO/ZnO:Ag by Sol-Gel Method for Direct Blue 71 Photodegradation Heri Sutanto; Singgih Wibowo; Eko Hidayanto; Iis Nurhasanah; Hady Hadiyanto
Reaktor Volume 15 No.3 April 2015
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (624.468 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.15.3.175-181

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to synthesize and to characterize a single and a double layer ZnO and ZnO/ZnO:Ag thin films and their application for degradation of direct blue 71. Double layer (DL) thin films of zinc oxide and silver-doped zinc oxide (ZnO/ZnO:Ag) were deposited on the substrate glass by using sol-gel spray coating technique. Ag doping variations (2, 4, 6 and 8 %mol) into ZnO were studied. X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer were used to analyze structure and optical properties of thin films. Direct Blue 71 (DB71) was used for photocatalytic evaluation under UV light irradiation. XRD result showed that all prepared thin films have wurtzite structure with better crytalinity compared to double layer preparation and increasing concentration of Ag doping. UV-Vis transmittance spectra showed that decreasing of transparency of films followed by DL preparation and Ag doping concentration. By using envelope method, energy gap of films can be determined. ZnO/ZnO:Ag 6% (DL 6%) indicated the smallest energy gap 3,038 eV. The highest DB71 degradation result under UV light irradiation was reached by DL 6% with 55.43% and 8.56 x 10-3 min-1 for photocatalytic efficiency and photodegradation rate, respectively.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Doping Nitrogen (N) pada Material Fotokatalis Seng Oksida (ZnO) Terhadap Degradasi Limbah Zat Pewarna Tekstil Heri Sutanto; Eko Hidayanto; Muhammad Irwanto; Agus Romadhon; Yoyon Wahyono
Reaktor Volume 17 No.1 Maret 2017
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (381.44 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.17.1.36-42

Abstract

Abstract THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN (N) DOPING IN PHOTOCATALYST MATERIAL OF ZINC OXIDE (ZnO) ON DEGRADATION OF WASTE OF TEXTILES DYE. The textile industry produces 50% of the wasted dye and liquid waste which can cause damage to the river ecosystem. The results of synthesis and characterization of N-ZnO photocatalysts and its ability to degrade waste water of batik dye by identifying of the effect of nitrogen (N) doping on ZnO were reported in this paper. Synthesis of N-ZnO material was performed using sol-gel method at room temperature, then the solution was deposited on a glass substrate at 450oC with a spray coating method. N-ZnO was prepared by N doping with different percentages of 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9%, respectively. Degradation of dye waste was performed under UV radiation for 12 hours. The synthesis results show that thin layers have wurtzite polycrystalline structure with dominant orientation field (002). The addition of N doping causes the value of the energy band gap of ZnO to be smaller. The test results of photocatalysts show that the addition of doping N on ZnO does not have a significant influence on the percentage of degradation waste batik dye under UV light. The best ability of N-ZnO photocatalytic was obtained in 5% of N doping, and the degradation percentage, COD and BOD were 11.83%, 6.12% and 6.40% respectively. Keywords: degradation; N doped; ZnO photocatalyst; batik dye waste   Abstrak Industri tekstil menghasilkan 50% zat warna yang terbuang dan menjadi limbah dalam bentuk cair yang dapat mengakibatkan rusaknya ekosistem sungai. Pada paper ini dilaporkan hasil sintesis dan karakterisasi fotokatalis N-ZnO serta uji kemampuan fotokatalitiknya dalam mendegradasi limbah cair zat pewarna batik dengan mengidentifikasi pengaruh doping Nitrogen (N) pada ZnO. Sintesis material N-ZnO menggunakan metode sol-gel pada temperatur kamar, kemudian larutan dideposisi di atas substrat kaca pada temperatur 450oC dengan metode spray coating. Material N-ZnO dibuat dengan persentase doping N yang berbeda yaitu 0, 3, 5, 7, dan 9%. Degradasi limbah zat warna dilakukan dibawah radiasi sinar UV selama 12 jam. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tipis mempunyai struktur polikristal wurtzite dengan bidang orientasi dominan (002). Penambahan doping N secara umum menyebabkan terjadinya pengecilan nilai celah pita energi ZnO. Hasil uji fotokatalitik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan doping N pada ZnO tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap persentase degradasi limbah cair pewarna batik dibawah cahaya UV. Diperoleh kemampuan uji fotokatalitik N-ZnO terbaik pada doping N sebesar 5% dengan nilai % degradasi sebesar 11,83%, COD 6,12% dan BOD 6,40%. Kata kunci: degradasi; doping N; fotokatalis ZnO; limbah pewarna batik .
PENGARUH BLOK INDIVIDUAL BERBAHAN CERROBEND PADA DISTRIBUSI DOSIS SERAP BERKAS FOTON 6 MV LINEAR ACCELERATOR (LINAC) Afrio Rika. R; Eko Hidayanto; Zaenal Arifin; Sanggam Ramantisan
Youngster Physics Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2014): Youngster Physics Journal Juli 2014
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Individual blocks were often used as accessories irradiation in radiotherapy to protect organs at risk (OR). Therefore, the study was examined distribution of absorbed dose on the phantom horizontal axis due to the effect of using individual blocks made of cerrobend with variations of individual blocks surface area  and variation form individual blocks divergent and non-divergent then determined whether exceeding the tolerance limit.The used of Irradiation technique was a Linear Accelerator (LINAC) with 6 MV photons at dmax of 1.5 cm with SSD 100 cm, wide field irradiation by 20 cm x 20 cm, with the considered organs protected by 10 cm x 10 cm. Individual block made of cerrobend was shaped divergent and non-divergent with variations of surface area projections by 9 cm x 9 cm, 9.5 cm x 9.5 cm and 10 cm x 10 cm.The use of divergent and non-divergent blocks at the Organ at Risk (OR) and irradiation target exceeded the tolerance limit of the absorbed dose was on the OR transmission dose over the maximum permitted limit of 5%, while the results obtained from the study ranged from 6,0% - 6.8%, on irradiation target results obtained ranged from 101.3% - 109.6% while the tolerance permitted by ICRU  (The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements) Report 62 was -5% and +7%. In the transition area doses below 50%, remained <50%. Moreover, the distribution dose on the divergent block was better than the non divergent.Keywords: Absorbed dose distribution, divergent block, non-divergent block, transmission dose, target dose, transition dose, cerrobend.
PENGARUH VARIASI FAKTOR EKSPOSI (TEGANGAN TABUNG DAN ARUS WAKTU) SERTA PITCH TERHADAP COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY DOSE INDEX (CTDI) DI UDARA MENGGUNAKAN CT DOSE PROFILER Puput Khusnaiatul; Eko Hidayanto; Zaenal Arifin; Choirul Anam
Youngster Physics Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2014): Youngster Physics Journal Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The measurements of CTDI have been done as the method used to measure of dose in CT scans. The Measurement method is CTDI air method. Measuremeans of CTDI air using the CT dose profiler was placed in the center of the gantry rotation using tube voltage variations (80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp and 140 kVp), current time variations (100 mAs, 200 mAs, 300 mAs and 370 mAs) and pitch variations (0,75, 1, 1,25 and 1,5). The results of measurements  tube voltage variations in 370 mAs, pitch 1 and collimation 5 mm were 28,8-105 mGy, current time variations in tube voltage120 kVp, pitch 1 and collimation 5 mm were 19,7-73 mGy and Pitch variation in tube voltage 120 kVp, effective current time 370 mAseff, and collimation 5 mm were 55,9-116 mGy. The measurement results showed that greater the tube voltage, current time and pitch are used then the resulting CTDI air gets greater. The smaller tube voltage, current time and pitch are used then the resulting CTDI air gets smaller. FWHM and  geometric effisiency value of tube voltage variation were 6,2-6,37 mm and 68,40%-71,30%, current time variation were 6,17-6,27 mm and 69,5%-72,5% and pitch variation were 6,19-6,51 mm and 69,2%-71,4%. FWHM values of the three variations were larger than the width of collimation because the penumbra effect and geometric effisiency values were still within tolerance limits of 55%-75%. Keywords: CT dose profiler, CTDI air, FWHM, geometric effisiency 
EFEKTIVITAS RADIACWASH SEBAGAI DEKONTAMINAN Tc99m DAN I131 PADA PERMUKAAN DAERAH KERJA KEDOKTERAN NUKLIR M Rizqi Aditya Rahman; Eko Hidayanto; Rini Shintawati
Youngster Physics Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Youngster Physics Journal Juli 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan radiacwash sebagai bahan dekontaminan dari tumpahan Tc99mdan I131 pada tiga permukaan daerah kerja yaitu keramik, kaca dan vinyl untuk mengetahui efektivitas bahan dekontaminan radiacwash dan mengetahui bahan permukaan daerah kerja yang penurunan laju kontaminasinya paling cepat.Sumber Tc99mdan I131diteteskan pada ketiga permukaan, kemudian radiacwash diteteskan pada permukaan tersebut. Proses dekontaminasi dilakukan dengan teknik penyapuan memakai tissue. Laju kontaminasi diukur dengan alat monitor kontaminasi permukaan.Sampai tahap proses dekontaminasi kesepuluh, kontaminasi Tc99m pada bahan permukaan keramik 221,10 cpm, 96,03 cpm pada kaca dan 1713,69 cpm pada vinyl. Sementara untuk kontaminan I131, pada permukaan keramik 52,14 cpm, 38,94 cpm pada kaca dan 335,94 cpm pada vinyl. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pembersih radioaktif radiacwash lebih efektif untuk mengurangi kontaminan I131pada semua sampel permukaan daerah kerja. Selain itu didapatkan bahwa permukaan daerah kerja yang paling cepat mengurangi laju kontaminasi zat radioaktif adalah permukaan kaca.Kata kunci :dekontaminasi, Tc99m, I131, radiacwash
Deposisi, karakterisasi sifat optik dan uji degradasi Db71 pada lapisan tipis Zno:Co konsentrasi tinggi Ahmad Pradana; Heri Sutanto; Eko Hidayanto
Youngster Physics Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2017): Youngster Physics Journal Juli 2017
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

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A thin layer of ZnO:Co was deposited on a glass substrate using a spray coating method with the addition of Co doping variations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The ZnO:Co thin film is further used to degrade the Direct Blue 71 dye solution under sunlight irradiation. ZnO:Co solution was synthesized by dissolving Zinc acetate dehydrate (ZnAc) into isopropanol and then added monoethanolamine (MEA) and cobalt nitrate at room temperature with concentration of ZnAc 0.3M and molar ratio of MEA and ZnAc of 1:1. Then the stirred solution used a magnetic stirrer at a temperature of 70oC for 30 minutes to obtain a clear and homogeneous gel. Gel ZnO:Co is placed on a spray hole and then sprayed on a heated glass substrate at 400oC. The optical properties of the ZnO:Co coating were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of Co doping on a thin layer of ZnO resulted in an increasingly high absorbance in the Co doping sample at a concentration of 15%. In addition, the greater concentration of Co will decrease the value of the energy band gap. The results of photodegradation test of Direct Blue 71 dye solution on ZnO:Co photocatalyst were able to degrade dye by 16% of entire samples .Keywords: Photocatalyst, Thin film ZnO:Co, Spray Coating, Direct Blue 71
ANALISIS KORELASI INDEKS BIAS DENGAN KONSENTRASI SUKROSA BEBERAPA JENIS MADU MENGGUNAKAN PORTABLE BRIX METER Putri Parmitasari; Eko Hidayanto
Youngster Physics Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2013): Youngster Physics Journal Oktober 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

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Sucrose concentration of honey solution has been analized by using Portable Brix Meter to determine its refractive index using Abbe refractometer. The materials used are honey randu solution, honey pollen, honey flora, honey klengkeng, honey karet, honey rambutan, white honey royal jelly, and honey kapuk with a concentration of 10 % until 50 %. The meansurement of sucrose concentration was performed by droping a few of sample solution above the sample table in this equipment. The content of sucrose is displayed digitally with units brix (%).    The concentration of sucrose solution proportional to the refractive index. The increase of concentration of sucrose solution will increase the refractive index. Correlation between the concentration of sucrose solution with refractive index by the equation n = 0,001C + 1,334 (R2 = 0,9972), n = 0,001C + 1,354 (R2 = 0,9919), n = 0,0015C +1,334 (R2 = 0,9999), n = 0,002C + 1,333 (R2 = 0,9817), n = 0,0015C + 1,334 (R2 = 0,9819), n = 0,002C + 1,328 (R2 = 0,9969), n = 0,002C + 1,329 (R2 = 0,9936), n = 0,002C + 1,322 (R2 = 0,9830). Refractive index of sucrose solution can be determined from its concentration.Keywords : refractive index, concentration of sucrose, honey, portable brix meter
Co-Authors Abdul Rofiq Achmad Chalid Afif Afrio Rika. R Agus Joko Prasetyo Agus Romadhon Agus Subagio Ahmad Pradana Alfia Hanim Ali Khumaeni Ana Aprilia Annisa Tenri Maya Anugrah Rahma Ari Wiganti Ardian Handoko Ari Bawono P Ari Bawono Putranto Ariij Naufal Arisa Dwi Sakti Astri Suppa Supratman Bambang Haris Suhartono, Bambang Haris Budi Muhammad AR Candra Ancila Choirul Anam AM Diponegoro Dewi A. Insiano Diah Dwiana Lestari Duandini, Ega Elin Nuraini Elvira Rizqi Widyanti Erna Mariani Etika, Eva Anggun Evi Setiawati Galih Puspa Saraswati Galih Puspa Saraswati Gani Gunawan Gede Wiratma Jaya H Hadiyanto Hella Arofah Heri Sugito Heri Sutanto Hidayatullah Hidayatullah I. Istadi Idam Arif Iis Nurhasanah Indras Marhaendrajaya Iva Nistiyanti Jhonwesly Manik Josepa ND Simanjuntak Jun Kawai K Sofjan Firdausi Lamtiyah Ikha Indriyana M Rizqi Aditya Rahman Mariatul Khiftiyah Miftahul Aziz Mohammad Haekal Mohd Hanafi Ali Muahamad Irsal Much. Azam Muchammad Azam, Muchammad Muhammad Irwanto Muhammad Nur Muharam Budi Laksono, Muharam Budi Nur Paramita Nira Mulyono Nurul Hikmantiyah Nurulita, Syaphira Faza Pandji Triadyaksa Poppy Intan Tjahaja Poppy Intan Tjahaja Puput Khusnaiatul Putri Parmitasari Putu Sukmabuana Rafli Filano Rahmawati Hidayah Rini Shintawati Salimatul Litasova Sanggam Ramantisan Sanggam Ramantisan Sanggam Ramantisan Santi Yuli Astuti Singgih Wibowo Sri Murni Susila Wardaya, Susila Takashi Yamamoto Teruo Tanabe Tiffany Rahma Novestiana Tina Melinda Tri Windarti Tunggul Drajat Mulatomo Ukhti Lailun Nisa Very Richardina Wahyu Setia Budi Wahyu Tri Cahyanto Yoyon Wahyono Yoyon Wahyono Zaenal Arifin