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Pengaruh Jenis Bahan Bakar Limbah Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Kompor Burner Spiral Pada Proses Pirolisis Biomassa: Indonesia Bambang Surono; Juni Ismanto; Kemas Ridhuan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): ARMATUR: Artikel Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v5i2.7103

ABSTRACT Waste fuel is the leftover fuel from a business or activity that can damage the environment. Therefore, waste fuel must be able to be used as reusable energy, such as stove fuel for the biomass pyrolysis combustion process. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of fuel type on charcoal and liquid smoke yield, temperature, combustion time, and flame in spiral burner stoves and pyrolysis reactors. This research method uses quantitative with experimental data collection techniques. The biomass pyrolysis raw materials used are rubber wood biomass with a capacity of 8 kg that has been dried, while the variations of spiral burner stove fuel used are diesel, used oil, and used cooking oil. From the results of the study, the type of fuel affects the yield of charcoal and liquid smoke. Where the most charcoal results in various types of diesel fuel are 4 kg, but the results of liquid smoke obtained are at least 1,850 ml. Furthermore, in the variation of used fuel oil, charcoal results of 3.8 kg and liquid smoke results of 1,900 ml. Then the variation of used cooking oil fuel gets the lowest charcoal yield of 3.51 kg, but the most liquid smoke obtained is 2,050 ml. In the variety of diesel fuel, the highest temperature of the burner flame is 1,018 oC and the temperature inside the reactor is 238.3 oC with a pyrolysis process time of 300 minutes and has the largest flame. In the spent fuel oil variation, the highest temperature of the burner flame is 988.1 oC and the temperature inside the reactor is 232.9 oC with a pyrolysis time of 330 minutes. While in the variation of used cooking oil fuel, the highest temperature of the burner flame is 984 oC and the temperature inside the reactor is 234.8 oC with a combustion time of 340 minutes and the flame produced is the smallest. Keywords : Pyrolysis, Spiral Burner Stove, Waste Oil, Used Cooking Oil, Rubber Wood, Liquid Waste.

PENGARUH JENIS SAMPAH PLASTIK TERHADAP HASIL BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK PADA REAKTOR PIROLISIS Kemas Ridhuan; Riki Renaldi; Diego Armando
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i1.11265

Plastic waste has the disadvantage that it is difficult to decompose, so efforts are made to utilize it by converting it into fuel. One method that can be done is using the pyrolysis method, which is a decomposition process with little or no air. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of plastic waste on fuel oil yield and to determine the effect of time and temperature on the type of plastic in the pyrolysis process on a side stove. The research method used was experimental using types of plastic waste raw materials, namely Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), and Polypropylene (PP). Using LPG as fuel. Using a condenser with two horizontal straight pipes. The results of this study indicate that variations in waste types affect fuel oil yield, temperature and combustion time. The highest temperature in the reactor occurred in the PP plastic variation with a temperature reaching 191°C with a combustion time of 195 minutes, and the lowest temperature in the reactor occurred in the LDPE and PET plastic variations with the highest temperature only reaching 184°C with a combustion time of 189 minutes for LDPE and 191 minutes for PET plastic. The highest amount of plastic oil was obtained from PET plastic waste, namely 331 grams, and the lowest amount was obtained from LDPE plastic waste, namely 305 grams.

PEMANFAATAN UMBI GANYONG SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF BIOETANOL Kemas Ridhuan; Ahmad Sukamto
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v1i2.649

Abstrak : Pengembangan energi merupakan hal yang mendesak untuk zaman sekarang ini viralslot. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang potensial yaitu umbi ganyong yang dapat diolah sebagai bahan bakar bioetanol. Bioetanol merupakan bahan bakar pengganti bensin yang dapat diolah dari bahan tumbuh â€“ tumbuhan. Umbi ganyong cukup baik karena kandungan patinya cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengolahan umbi ganyong menjadi bioetanol pada proses penyulingan dengan kapasitas bioetanol yang dihasilkan dari umbi ganyong yang yang digunakan.Proses pengolahan umbi gayong dilakukan mulai dari pencucian, lalu umbi gayong digiling atau di parut menjadi bubur tepung, kemudian diperas dan menghasilka pati. Selanjutnya pati ditambah air lalu direbus (proses liquifikasi) kemudian dilanjutkan proses sakarifikasi. Setelah itu dikasih ragi untuk proses fermentasi. Lalu proses akhir pada penyulingan dengan destilasi untuk mendapatkan minyak bioetanol viralslot.Dari umbi ganyong sebanyak 45 kg menghasilkan pati 8,3 kg, pati tersebut ditambah air sebanyak 27 liter, sehingga menjadi 35,3 liter. Selanjutnya pati direbus untuk proses liquifikasi selama 30 menit dengan suhu 105 Â°C dan dilanjutkan proses sakarifikasi selama 75 menit dengan suhu 95 Â°C. Setelah selesai turunkan suhu hingga 40 Â°C dan ditambahkan ragi untuk difermentasi selama 7 hari. Proses penyulingan (distilasi) dengan suhu 78 Â°C. Hasil dari penyulingan mendapatkan bioetanol sebanyak 3,15 liter.Kata Kunci : Ganyong, energi, bioetanol

KAJIAN POTENSI SUMBER ENERGI BIOGAS DARI KOTORAN TERNAK UNTUK BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF DI KECAMATAN KALIREJO KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH Untung Surya Dharma; Kemas Ridhuan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v3i2.644

Biogas is a source of energy that is derived from the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to produce a mixture of several gases are methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO 2).Biogas can be made from many types of waste material and the rest aniani4d , a kind of garbage, livestock waste, agricultural waste and others.Things to consider in the development of biogas energy source so that the principle of availability of sustainable biogas as an alternative fuel can be met is a local or regional potential to produce biogas.Communities in the District Central Lampung regency Kalirejo many who maintain livestock.Waste from livestock manure is especially very disturbing and detrimental to health, it is encouraging to capitalize upon the waste as feedstock for biogas production.To assess the potential of biogas energy sources are needed data about the amount of livestock manure every day, in this study is the dung of cows, goats and chickens.Fermentation process for the three types of dirt inside the reactor each trial was conducted to determine the length / time effective and energy biogas produced.From the field data known total number of chickens are farmed as much as 176.264 , goat 12.345and cow 4.488 tail.Manure produced by 1 chicken, 1 goats and one cow in a row that is 0.055 kg / day, 0.98 kg / day and 19.5 kg / day.While the testing laboratory, known Biogas produced from each of 20 kg of dung that chicken manure yield of 2.04 m 3, cow dung yield of 0.56 m 3 and 0.76 m 3 cow dung.From field data and laboratory testing can be calculated local potential in providing sustainable biogas in District Kalirejo Kalirejo Central Lampung regency, namely the potential of biogas from chicken manure at 988.84 m 3 / day, goat manure at 338.75 m 3 / day and cow manure at 3325.61 m 3 / day.So the total potential of biogas that can be generated is equal to 4653.2 m 3 / day.Keywords: Biogas, local potentials, livestock manure, the total potential of biogas.

Karaktristik proses destilasi asap cair grade 3 Kemas Ridhuan; Tri Cahyo Wahyudi; Danang Sulistiyo; Bahtera Anggara
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 10 No 2 (2021): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v10i2.1761

Distillation of liquid smoke is a process of heating liquid smoke based on the difference in its boiling point and then cooled to get liquid smoke with better quality. This heating aims to separate unwanted components in liquid smoke such as tar and benzopyrene. The process is strongly influenced by several things such as temperature and distillator. From these two measurements, several characteristics such as heating rate, distillation flow rate of liquid smoke, production capacity, heating temperature, steam temperature and distillation time, as well as the characteristics of the resulting liquid smoke can be known.The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of the 3rd grade liquid smoke distillation process with electric heating and water cooling condenser which includes the production capacity of liquid smoke and to determine the quality and quantity of liquid smoke, heating rate, electricity consumption, flow rate and to determine the efficiency of 2nd grade liquid smoke production.This research was conducted at the Laboratorium Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro, this study used a distillation apparatus made of Aluminium plate 1 mm thick, 180 mm in diameter, 250 mm high. Condenser with 0.5 inch diameter copper pipe 3,5 m long, 3 inch diameter PVC pipe, 3m long. The raw material for 3rd grade liquid smoke is 3 liters.The results obtained that the distillation apparatus has a capacity of 3 liters, the distillation temperature affects the rate of heating that occurs, namely the distillation temperature of 110oC, the heating rate is 707,42 J/second, the electricity consumption is 4,48kWh, the time is 45 minutes, and for a temperature of 120 oC the heating rate is 754,60 J/second, electricity consumption is 4,467 kWh in 65 minutes. The highest yield of liquid smoke is at a temperature of 110 oC, which is 2840 ml with a flow rate of 8,35 ml/minute and an efficiency of 94,6%, pH level of 2,15. And for a temperature of 120 oC it produces 2560 ml of liquid smoke, with a flow rate of 8,67 ml/minute and an efficiency of 85,3%, with a pH level of 2,10.

Optimasi kinerja reaktor pirolysis biomassa dengan penambahan pipa udara Kemas Ridhuan; Fajar Khusaini; Ridwan Ridwan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 1 (2022): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i1.2121

The pyrolysis reactor is a tool that functions to decompose organic compounds from biomass materials which is carried out by a heating process without or little air with temperatures ranging from 300-600Â°C. The results obtained from the pyrolysis reactor process are charcoal and liquid smoke. The existing air will accelerate the process of biomass oxidation, but if there is excess air it will cause combustion of the biomass so that most of it will be oxidized and decomposed into smoke and this will cause less charcoal yield. However, without air, the pyrolysis process will take longer. Therefore, an ideal air requirement is needed so that the effectiveness of this biomass pyrolysis process can be maintained because it will produce optimal charcoal and liquid smoke. The purpose of this research is to find out how many air pipes for the pyrolysis reactor are needed in this combustion process and how long the time and temperature of the pyrolysis process combustion and how much charcoal and liquid smoke are obtained. This research was conducted at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Metro, this study used a pyrolysis reactor with a diameter of 40 cm, height 50 cm, air pipe diameter inch with variations in the number of 1,3 and 5. Using 8 kg of corncob biomass. Straight pipe condenser with 12 mm diameter copper material 3 m long, outer pipe diameter 4 inch. The results showed that the highest pyrolysis temperature in air pipe 5 was 485Â°C with a pyrolysis process time of 120 minutes and the lowest temperature in pipe 1 was 353Â°C with a pyrolysis process time of 185 minutes. The results of the most liquid smoke in air pipe 5 are 0.5 liters or 6.25% and the least liquid smoke results are in air pipes 1 as much as 0.32 liters or 4.0% For the highest charcoal yields in air pipes 1 weighing 4 kg or 50% and for charcoal yields at least on air pipe 5 of 3.2 kg or 42.5%. The highest pH level in the air pipe 1 is 3.43 and the lowest level in the air pipe is 3.11.

Pengaruh laju aliran udara dan lubang uap air terhadap kinerja kompor dengan bahan bakar oli bekas Mafruddin Mafruddin; Kemas Ridhuan; Eko Budiyanto; Kurniawan Kurniawan; Muhammad Atiq Mubarak; Neta Bagus Pratama
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2336

Oil waste produced from motor vehicle lubricants can pollute the environment. One alternative that can be done to prevent environmental pollution is by utilizing waste oil as fuel. Several factors can affect the temperature and quality of combustion, namely the air flow rate and the addition of water vapor in the combustion process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the air flow rate and the number of steam holes on the temperature and efficiency of the stove with used oil fuel. The research method used was experimental by making and testing stoves with waste oil as fuel and adding water vapor to maximize combustion results. Variations in the air flow rate are 9 m/s, 10 m/s, and 11 m/s and variations in the number of water vapor holes are 8, 9 and 10 pieces. From the research results, it was found that the air flow rate and the number of holes had an effect on the flame, temperature and quality of combustion. The highest temperature is 605.6â„ƒ and the highest stove efficiency is 10.91% obtained with an air flow rate of 10 m/s and 10 steam holes.

Analisa proses pirolysis dengan variasi jumlah tabung pembakaran terhadap Karaktristik hasil bio-oil Kemas Ridhuan; Edi Winarno; Dwi Irawan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2347

Bio-oil is a blackish liquid fuel derived from biomass such as corn cobs, rice husks and other biomass such as cocoa shells. The organic acid content in bio-oil gives bio-oil acidic properties. Bio-oil can be obtained in the pyrolysis combustion process, using a combustion tube. The number of tubes used can affect the yield characteristics of bio-oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of bio-oil bio-oil produced by varying the number of combustion tubes in the pyrolysis process. Such as pyrolysis time, amount of bio-oil, temperature and content of bio-oil. This research method utilizes cocoa shell biomass waste to turn into bio-oil with a pyrolysis process, namely by varying the number of combustion tubes, namely one tube, two tubes and three tubes with a diameter of one tube 27.74 cm, two tubes 19.6 cm and three tubes 16 cm with the same cylinder volume of 18.7 cm3, by carrying out the prolysis process, namely putting the cocoa shell waste into the combustion tube and closing it. Then the combustion tube is inserted into the pyrolysis reactor and then closed and then burned. From the results of the research, the results of bio-oil in a single tube of raw material were 130 ml with a processing time of 113 minutes and bio-oil characteristics, a calorific value of 2177,464 cal/g, a viscosity of 1,574 CPs, and a pH of 4.77. Whereas in the second raw material tube, there were 80 ml with a processing time of 105 minutes and specifications for bio-oil, a calorific value of 2071,151 cal/g, a viscosity of 1,780 CPs and a pH of 4.96. While the three raw material tubes were 50 ml with a processing time of 100 minutes, and bio-oil specifications, calorific value 1983,950 cal/g, viscosity 2,626 CPs and pH 5.42.

ANALISA KEBUTUHAN BEBAN PENDINGIN DAN DAYA ALAT PENDINGIN AC UNTUK AULA KAMPUS 2 UM METRO. Kemas Ridhuan; Andi Refai
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 2 No 2 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v2i2.26

Factor-faktor kenyamanan dari suatu ruangan sangat ditentukan oleh letak, karaktristik dan kegiatan yang ada di dalamnya. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diperlukan suatu alat pendingin dengan beban pendinginan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan ruang tersebut. Aula kampus 2 UM Metro sebagai tempat aktifitas akademik yang yang beragam, setiap saat selalu ramai dengan kapasitas 250 orang, memerlukan slot777 beban pendingin yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beban pendiginan dan daya pendinginan dari alat AC yang diperlukan untuk ruang Aula tersebut. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu kajian pustaka dan observasi. Mengamati berbagai kejadian seperti sudut pancaran sinar matahari, mengukur suhu dinding luar, dinding dalam, berbagai aksesoris yang ada dan jenis kegiatan yang dilakukan. Kemudian melakukan perhitungan dengan kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu beban pendinginan dari seperti dinding bata dengan lapisan plester, kaca, atap dari paduan alumunium, lantai dari beton dan keramik, lampu, penghuni, peralatan elektronik dan 250 orang jumlah maksimal yang ada pada ruangan aula kampus 2 UM Metro didapat sebesar 47,87 kW dan besar daya sistem pendingin AC yang diperlukan untuk mendinginkan beban pendinginan dari daya kompresornya sebesar 1,77 kW. Apabila dikonversikan daya kompresor 1,77 kW setara dengan 2,4 PK. untuk pemasangan AC dari 2,4 PK dibutuhkan 5 unit alat pendingin yang masing-masing alat berkapasitas Â½ PK agar pendinginan diruang tersebut lebih efisien.

KAJIAN POTENSI SUMBER ENERGI BIOGAS DARI KOTORAN TERNAK UNTUK BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF DI KECAMATAN KALIREJO KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH Untung Surya Dharma; Kemas Ridhuan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 3 No 2 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v3i2.644

Biogas is a source of energy that is derived from the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to produce a mixture of several gases are methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO 2).Biogas can be made from many types of waste material and the rest aniani4d , a kind of garbage, livestock waste, agricultural waste and others.Things to consider in the development of biogas energy source so that the principle of availability of sustainable biogas as an alternative fuel can be met is a local or regional potential to produce biogas.Communities in the District Central Lampung regency Kalirejo many who maintain livestock.Waste from livestock manure is especially very disturbing and detrimental to health, it is encouraging to capitalize upon the waste as feedstock for biogas production.To assess the potential of biogas energy sources are needed data about the amount of livestock manure every day, in this study is the dung of cows, goats and chickens.Fermentation process for the three types of dirt inside the reactor each trial was conducted to determine the length / time effective and energy biogas produced.From the field data known total number of chickens are farmed as much as 176.264 , goat 12.345and cow 4.488 tail.Manure produced by 1 chicken, 1 goats and one cow in a row that is 0.055 kg / day, 0.98 kg / day and 19.5 kg / day.While the testing laboratory, known Biogas produced from each of 20 kg of dung that chicken manure yield of 2.04 m 3, cow dung yield of 0.56 m 3 and 0.76 m 3 cow dung.From field data and laboratory testing can be calculated local potential in providing sustainable biogas in District Kalirejo Kalirejo Central Lampung regency, namely the potential of biogas from chicken manure at 988.84 m 3 / day, goat manure at 338.75 m 3 / day and cow manure at 3325.61 m 3 / day.So the total potential of biogas that can be generated is equal to 4653.2 m 3 / day.Keywords: Biogas, local potentials, livestock manure, the total potential of biogas.

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