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All Journal BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Medicina E-Jurnal Medika Udayana WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Smart Medical Journal Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN SANDI HUSADA INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Indonesian Health Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Agung Nova Mahendra
Departemen Farmakologi Dan Terapi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Electrical & Electronics Engineering Health Professions Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Phytochemical Composition And In Vitro Antifungal Limitations Of Salacca Zalacca Peel Extract Against Candida Albicans Aryasa, Mahesa Ajisaka; Mahendra, Agung Nova; Ernawati, Desak Ketut; Satriyasa, Bagus Komang
Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL LOCUS: Penelitian dan Pengabdian
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/locus.v5i2.5531

Abstract

Candidiasis, primarily caused by Candida albicans, continues to pose clinical challenges due to antifungal resistance and the adverse effects of synthetic agents. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antifungal efficacy of Salacca zalacca (Bali snakefruit) peel extract as a potential natural alternative. The extract was obtained using ethanol-based maceration and analyzed through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results revealed high concentrations of flavonoids (857.59 mg/100 g), phenolics (860.54 mg/100 g), vitamin C (8391.10 mg/100 g), and tannins, along with the qualitative presence of saponins. Antioxidant analysis indicated weak radical scavenging activity (IC?? = 546.19 ppm) but a high total antioxidant content (2532.17 mg GAE/L). Antifungal testing using the disk diffusion method against C. albicans showed no inhibition zones at extract concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, whereas the ketoconazole control produced a strong inhibition zone (mean 20.33 mm). The lack of activity may be attributed to diffusion limitations or solubility issues rather than the absence of bioactive compounds. Despite the negative antifungal results, the high phytochemical content suggests potential for alternative therapeutic applications. Further studies employing alternative solvents, higher extract concentrations, and more sensitive antifungal assays are recommended.
Potensi Penggunaan Materi Genetik Fetus pada Sirkulasi Maternal untuk Diagnosis Prenatal Noninvasif Penyakit Genetik Anak Agung Dewi Megawati; Ita M. Nainggolan; Agung Nova Mahendra; Nanis S. Marzuki
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 1 No 1 (2016): Mei 2016
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.1.1.4.1-9

Abstract

Diagnosis prenatal adalah teknik diagnostik untuk menentukan kondisi fetus yang belum lahir apakah memiliki kelainan genetik ataupun kelainan lainnya. Teknik ini umumnya dilakukan pada penyakit genetik yang tidak dapat diobati di mana terminasi menjadi bahan pertimbangan. Teknik ini juga dilakukan pada kasus yang memerlukan penanganan segera pada saat prenatal dan pada kondisi yang dapat menimbulkan morbiditas atau mortalitas pada ibu. Diagnosis prenatal dapat dilakukan melalui metode invasif dan noninvasif. Metode invasif seperti amniocentesis dan biopsi villi korialis (CVS) memiliki resiko menimbulkan kecacatan bahkan kematian fetus. Pendekatan nonivasif melalui ultrasonografi belum cukup akurat untuk diagnosis penyakit genetik, sehingga masih memerlukan pengambilan sampel fetus untuk menegakkan diagnosis. Pendekatan terbaru pengambilan sampel fetus secara noninvasif dilakukan melalui pengambilan sel fetus, DNA dan mRNA fetus yang terdapat dalam sirkulasi darah maternal. Pada artikel ini dipaparkan mengenai perkembangan riset, kendala, serta potensi aplikasi klinis ketiga metode pengambilan sampel fetus tersebut.Kata kunci: diagnosis prenatal nonivasif, penyakit genetik, cell-free fetal DNA/mRNA, sel fetus.  [Potential Use of Fetal Genetic Material in Maternal Circulation for Prenatal Noninvasive Diagnosis of Genetic Disease].Prenatal diagnostic technique is used to determine whether the unborn fetus is affected with a genetic disorder or other abnormality. This technique is generally carried out for a genetic disease that is not treatable, in which the termination should be considered. This technique is also performed in cases that require immediate action during the prenatal period and in conditions that can lead to morbidity or mortality of the mother. Prenatal diagnosis can be done by invasive and noninvasive methods. Invasive methods such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) have a risk of causing disability and even death of the fetus. While noninvasive approach by ultrasound is not sufficiently accurate for the diagnosis of genetic diseases, therefore further  fetal sampling is required. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis is a new type of genetic testing done through taking fetal cells, fetal DNA and mRNA, which are found in maternal blood circulation. In this review, we present development of research, constraints, and potential clinical applications of these three methods for noninvasive sampling of the fetus.Keywords: noninvasive prenatal diagnosis, genetic disease, cell-free fetal DNA/mRNA, fetal cell.
Potensi Padina australis sebagai Marine Drug untuk Aterosklerosis Sadvika, I Gusti Ayu Stiti; Wulansari, Ni Wayan Ari; Suryaningsih, Ni Putu Elsinthia; Mahendra, Agung Nova
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.55479

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, altered lipid accumulation, inflammation, and foam cells deposition. Fucoxanthin and fucoidan that are contained in Padina australis are known to have potential anti-atherosclerotic effects. This review aims to see the activity and potential of Padina australis as an anti-atherosclerotic marine drug. This literature review article was obtained through a online-based scientific database using terms or phrases relevant to the topic. Fucoxanthin reduces ROS and inhibits production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Meanwhile, fucoidan can regulate the development of atherosclerosis by preventing SMC from forming foam cells, LOX-1 expression, and proinflammatory molecules significantly. A decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and increased HDL-c also shown to be one of the effects of fucoidan in modulating lipid metabolism. Fucoxanthin can increase thermogenesis by increasing PRDM16, UCP-1, and UCP-3 in BAT and decreasing adipocyte size, leptin, and increasing adiponectin in WAT. Fucoidan can lower the cholesterol index, triglycerides, LDL, and increase the expression of PPARγ which can increase lipid metabolism and inhibit hyperlipidemia. In conclusion, Padina australis is potential anti-atherosclerosis agent due to its fucoxanthin and  fucoidan exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and modulation of lipid metabolism.Keywords: Padina australis, fucoxanthin, fucoidan, atherosclerosis, marine drug
Antidyslipidaemic effect of Ipomoea batatas L. extract with increased PCSK-9 levels in atherosclerotic rats I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; I Made Jawi; Agung Nova Mahendra; Putu Angga Wiradana; I Gede Widhiantara
JURNAL INDONESIA DARI ILMU LABORATORIUM MEDIS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Integration of Molecular Approaches in Addressing Drug Resistance and Changing Gl
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/ijmlst.v8i1.7260

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the largest cause of mortality worldwide, and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) is a primary risk factor for this illness. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extract on cholesterol, LDL, PCSK9, and MDA levels in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. This true experimental study used a randomised pre-test-post-test control group design. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Purple sweet potato extract (PSPE) was prepared by 24-hour maceration with 70% ethanol. All rats were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 14 days, followed by pre-test measurements of cholesterol, LDL, PCSK9, and MDA on day 15. Rats were then randomly divided into control (no treatment), PSPE (200 mg/day), and Simvastatin (0.9 mg/kg BW) groups. After one month of treatment, post-test analyses were performed for all parameters. The results showed an increase in serum cholesterol, LDL and MDA levels in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet (p<0.05) compared to the PSPE and Simvastatin groups. The high-cholesterol diet also resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in PCSK9 when compared to the PSPE and Simvastatin groups. In the PSPE group there was a decrease in cholesterol, LDL, and MDA, and PSPE (p<0.05) compared to the control group. In the Simvastatin group, the increase in PCSK9 was very low compared to the PSPE group. PSPE has antidyslipidaemic activity by reducing total cholesterol status, LDL, and oxidative stress while promoting PCSK-9 function. Further research is still needed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of action of PSPE as an antioxidant source in patients with atherosclerosis.
Efficacy of Solvent Type on Antioxidant Activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves Extract: A Scoping Review Ida Bagus Ideyogiswara; Bagus Komang Satriyasa; Agung Nova Mahendra; Agung Wiwiek Indrayani; Ketut Agus Adrianta
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.2347

Abstract

Jackfruit leaves (Artocarpus heterophyllus) contain various bioactive compounds that have the potential as natural antioxidants. The antioxidant activity of jackfruit leaf extract is influenced by the type of solvent used during the extraction process. Objective to identify the effectiveness of various types of solvents on the antioxidant activity of jackfruit leaf extract. This study used a scoping review method by reviewing articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar in 2020–2025 Searching strategy using the keywords "Artocarpus heterophyllus" OR "jackfruit leaves" AND "antioxidant activity" OR "antioxidant capacity" AND solvent OR "solvent type" OR "extraction solvent" . Included articles were English-language primary studies published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tabular form to identify patterns of findings related to the effectiveness of various solvent types on the antioxidant activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf extrac. Ethanol and hydroethanol solvents showed higher antioxidant activity than other solvents. Strong antioxidant activity is related to the high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that were successfully extracted. The type of solvent affects the antioxidant activity of jackfruit leaf extract, with ethanol and hydroethanol being the most effective solvents in extracting bioactive antioxidant compounds.
The Use of Natural Ingredients as Topical Therapy for the Treatment of Second-Degree Burns: A Review Article Ni Nyoman Ita Trisnadewi; Desak Ketut Ernawati; Agung Nova Mahendra
Indonesian Health Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Health Journal
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/ihj.v5i2.890

Abstract

Second-degree burns are skin tissue damage involving the epidermis and part of the dermis, requiring appropriate treatment to prevent infection and accelerate tissue regeneration. Conventional therapy remains the primary choice, but long-term use can cause certain side effects. This situation has encouraged the increasing use of natural ingredients as alternative therapies because they are considered safer, easier to obtain, and contain bioactive compounds that support the wound healing process. This review article aims to assess the potential of various natural ingredients as topical therapies for healing second-degree burns. The method used is a literature review of research articles published between 2021 and 2026 through Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ. The results of this study indicate that various plants such as kepok banana, moringa, breadfruit, red dragon fruit, and other herbal plants are effective in the burn healing process through various dosage forms such as creams, gels, ointments, spray gels, and nanogels. The dominant phytochemical compounds found include flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which act as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents. Overall, natural ingredients have the potential to be developed as an alternative treatment for second-degree burns that is effective and easily accessible to the public.
Co-Authors Agatha Putra, Gusti Ngurah Agung Wiwiek Indrayani Agung Wiwiek Indrayanti Anak Agung Bintang Astridwiyanti Anak Agung Dewi Megawati, Anak Agung Dewi Aris Mudariani, Ni Wayan Aryasa, Mahesa Ajisaka Ayuti Bulaan Bagus Komang Satriyasa Desak Gede Vicsilia Mahambara Gita Desak Ketut Ernawati Desak Made Wihandani Dewi, Ni Wayan Sucindra Dharmajaputra, Gede Bagus Diana Putri Dinda Anggita Meiwita Sari Dwi Vedanta, I Gusti Ngurah Ananta Elvina Veronica Gede Agung Dhimasena Widyananda Gede Wirata Gita Almira Putri Gusti Ngurah Bagus Wira Gunawan I Gede Krisna Putra Yasa I Gede Widhiantara I Gusti Ayu Artini I Gusti Made Aman I Made Jawi I P G. Adiatmika I Wayan Gede Sutadarma I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Sumardika I Wayan Surudarma I Wayan Weta Ida Bagus Ideyogiswara Indrayan, Agung Wiwiek Irene Amelia Ita M. Nainggolan Ita M. Nainggolan Ketut Agus Adrianta Kezia Angelina Yunatan Meylana Ayu Melinda Nanis S. Marzuki Nanis S. Marzuki, Nanis S. Ni Kadek Sinta Dwi Chrismayanti Ni Made Dwi Putri Nadi Ni Nyoman Ita Trisnadewi Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi Nila Wahyuni Pangala, Gustinara Bakti Pratiwi, Kadek Prastiti Surya Putrawan, Ida Bagus Indra Shadnyana Putri, Kadek Wina Santhya Putu Angga Wiradana Putu Ayu Melati Widyasari Putu Diah Saraswati Rahayu Putu Resika Melarosa Sadvika, I Gusti Ayu Stiti Saraswati, Ni Made Ayu Sokawati Kesuma, Nyoman Diah Asvini Sumardika, Wayan Suryaningsih, Ni Putu Elsinthia syahida, iin kurnia Tresnayanthi, Kadek Ayu Sri Vittala, Govinda W. Riski Widya Mulyani Winanti, Kadek Dinda Ayu Sri Wulansari, Ni Wayan Ari