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All Journal Lentera Hukum Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Arena Hukum Jurnal Media Hukum Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Sriwijaya Law Review INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAW STUDIES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah (PJKIHdS) Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum SOEPRA Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Jurnal Ius Constituendum Kosmik Hukum Jurnal Suara Hukum Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Risalah Hukum NOMOI Law Review International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Batulis Civil Law Review YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ) Ius Poenale International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Indonesia Law Reform Journal (ILREJ) SASI Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Sosiora Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies
Milda Istiqomah
Faculty Of Law, Brawijaya University
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Neuroscience Social Sciences Other

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The Potential Disparity in Judicial Pardon Decisions: Formulation Issues in The National Criminal Code Aji, Muhammad Kharisma Bayu; Istiqomah, Milda; Astiti, Sriti Hesti; Taqwa, Faisal Akbaruddin
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 14 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.14.1.2025.63-90

Abstract

This scientific article discusses the problems and ideal formulation of judicial forgiveness in the future in Article 54, Paragraph (2) of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code. This article regulates judicial forgiveness but does not explain the requirements, resulting in different interpretations and decision disparities. This research is normative research with a descriptive research nature. The legislative and comparative approaches are used. This study found that the formulation of judicial forgiveness has problems such as abstract norms, alternative requirements, and difficulties when the victim does not forgive the defendant. The ideal formulation of judicial forgiveness is to determine the maximum criminal sanctions and cumulative requirements. The requirement for the lightness of the act can be interpreted as a maximum fine of Category II (IDR 10,000,000.00) and is related to minor crimes in the Criminal Procedure Code. The requirement for the offender’s personal circumstances is linked to Article 22 of the National Criminal Code, and the requirement for the circumstances at the time the crime was committed is linked to the sentencing guidelines in Article 54 paragraph (1) of the National Criminal Code letters b, d, e, f, and j.
COMPARISON OF THE CONCEPT OF LEGAL CERTAINITY IN THE REGULATION OF THE DEATH IN THE OLD CRIMINAL CODE AND THE NATIONAL CRIMINAL CODE (INDONESIA) Tantoi, Lalu Alex; Madjid, Abdul; Istiqomah, Milda
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v4i2.271

Abstract

The presence of the death penalty in the new National Criminal Code (KUHP) enacted in 2023 has sparked a great deal of controversy. Just like its existence, the death penalty still generates many problems and has both proponents and opponents. This research employs a juridical-normative approach and utilizes methods of legal analysis, conceptual analysis, and comparison. The results reveal that the regulation of the death penalty is more legally uncertain when compared to the previous Criminal Code because it is considered highly open to multiple interpretations, lacks clarity, conflicts with other regulations, and presents numerous loopholes that can be exploited by irresponsible individuals for legal transactions.
Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette Regulation in Indonesia, Thailand, and Brunei Darussallam Fajri, M. Hisyam Nur; Madjid, Abdul; Istiqomah, Milda
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 1: Juni 2025
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i1.12685

Abstract

Abstract : This study examines the increasing trend of e-cigarette use among students in Indonesia compared to Thailand and Brunei Darussalam. This study aims to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of e-cigarette regulation in Indonesia as a new form of addictive substance, and to compare it with regulatory frameworks in other countries in the region. Using normative juridical methods, this study explores laws and policies from Indonesia, Thailand, and Brunei Darussalam. Findings show that although Indonesia imposes relatively high excise taxes on e-cigarettes, its regulations are less comprehensive compared to other countries. Regulatory gaps in terms of advertising, age restrictions, and waste management of e-cigarettes are still evident. The journal suggests strengthening Indonesia's regulatory framework by adopting best practices from other Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand and Brunei Darussalam to ensure public health protection and environmental safety.Abstrak : Penelitian ini mengkaji tren peningkatan penggunaan rokok elektrik di kalangan pelajar di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan Thailand dan Brunei Darussalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelebihan dan kekurangan regulasi rokok elektrik di Indonesia sebagai bentuk baru dari zat adiktif, dan untuk membandingkannya dengan kerangka regulasi di negara-negara lain di kawasan ini. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi undang-undang dan kebijakan dari Indonesia, Thailand, dan Brunei Darussalam. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Indonesia memberlakukan cukai yang relatif tinggi terhadap rokok elektrik, namun peraturannya kurang komprehensif dibandingkan dengan negara lain. Kesenjangan regulasi dalam hal periklanan, pembatasan usia, dan pengelolaan limbah rokok elektrik masih terlihat jelas. Jurnal ini menyarankan untuk memperkuat kerangka regulasi Indonesia dengan mengadopsi praktik-praktik terbaik dari negara-negara Asia Tenggara lainnya seperti Thailand dan Brunei Darussalam untuk memastikan perlindungan kesehatan masyarakat dan keamanan lingkungan.
The Sentencing of Insult and/or Defamation Cases in Indonesia Djatmika, Prija; Istiqomah, Milda
Arena Hukum Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum2025.01802.7

Abstract

This study examines sentencing decisions in cases of insult and/or defamation by employing a mixed-method approach that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis uses district court verdicts from 2016 to 2021 to identify patterns and trends in sentencing, while qualitative analysis delves into aggravating and mitigating factors in judges’ considerations. Compared to previous studies, conducted by Samudra (2019), Ziar (2022), Fatmawati, et al. (2023), Emaliawati (2024), and Nurbaeti (2025), the result of this study shows that most cases end with prison sentences and/or fines. Judges consider various factors such as the severity of the offence, the impact on the victim, and the defendant’s background. Interestingly, there were several cases, particularly those involving corporations, where judges imposed much harsher sentences than the prosecutor’s prosecution, indicating a unique dynamic in the application of justice. From the perspective of judicial independence theory, the judges should exercise their independence in interpreting legal norms and balancing between positive law and substantive justice. Judges are not merely “mouthpieces of the law”; they are active actors in assessing the moral value and social impact of the defendant’s actions. Meanwhile, based on the theory of punishment, the decisions reflect a retributive approach as a form of retribution for reprehensible acts, as well as a preventive approach, to deter perpetrators and the wider community. This study makes an important contribution to understanding the complexity of sentencing in cases of insult and/or defamation and highlights the need for more measurable and consistent sentencing guidelines.
The Concept of State Financial Loss Recovery Reviewed from the Perspective of the Judex Factie Court's Considerations Nasrudin, Zaldi; Noerdajasakti, Setiawan; Istiqomah, Milda
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Inpress
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v9i2.25454

Abstract

Corruption causes measurable state financial losses, making restitution a critical component of Indonesia's criminal justice system. Although mechanisms such as restitution and asset forfeiture are regulated under the Corruption Eradication Law, their implementation faces significant obstacles, including limited technical provisions, difficulties in tracing the origin of assets, and reliance on court decisions with permanent legal force. This study employs a normative juridical method to examine the regulatory framework governing restitution and its effectiveness in recovering state assets. The findings reveal that the absence of clear standards for calculating and enforcing restitution hampers legal consistency and weakens the recovery process. The study concludes that a reformulation of restitution policy is essential to ensure legal certainty and to transform restitution into an effective tool for restoring real state losses.
An Integrated Policy Model for Supervisory Punishment under Indonesia’s New Criminal Code Rohmat, Rohmat; Istiqomah, Milda; Aprilianda, Nurini
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure Vol 25, No 3 (2025): November Edition
Publisher : Law and Human Rights Policy Strategy Agency, Ministry of Law and Human Rights of The Repub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/dejure.2025.V25.151-170

Abstract

The inclusion of supervisory sanctions in Indonesia’s new Criminal Code signifies a shift toward non-custodial and rehabilitative forms of punishment, reflecting a broader transition from retributive to corrective and restorative justice. Despite their formal adoption, the regulatory frameworks necessary for their implementation remain underdeveloped. This study examines the normative and philosophical foundations of supervisory sanctions and proposes an integrated legal policy model for their effective application. Employing a normative juridical method supported by statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches, the research is analyzed within a prescriptive framework. The findings indicate that these sanctions are intended to provide offenders with a second chance through structured oversight and individualized rehabilitation, thereby avoiding incarceration. This study offers a novel insight by presenting an integrated policy model for supervisory sanctions, an approach that has not previously been developed within Indonesia’s legal system. The proposed model outlines mechanisms for enforcement, supervision duration, and reintegration programs. By addressing a critical gap in Indonesia’s penal system, this research contributes original perspectives and a practical framework for the operationalization of community-based criminal sanctions.
Victim Impact Statement as a Model of Victim-Centered Justice in Child Sexual Abuse Cases Ramadianto, Anang Riyan; Istiqomah, Milda; Aprilianda, Nurini
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 32 No. 2: MEI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol32.iss2.art4

Abstract

Child sexual abuse remains a pressing concern in Indonesia, with victims often experiencing deep and lasting trauma. Yet, the country’s criminal justice system largely focuses on punishing offenders, offering far less attention to safeguarding and supporting the rights and recovery of those who have suffered. This article aims to explore the role of the Victim Impact Statement (VIS) as a mechanism to promote victim-centered justice. This study adopts a normative legal research approach, drawing on statutory analysis, comparative review, and case study methods. Its primary legal sources include court rulings on child sexual abuse and key regulations, notably Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 1 of 2022 on Restitution and Compensation. Data are analyzed qualitatively to evaluate the implementation of restitution and the recognition of victim perspectives in legal proceedings. The findings indicate that restitution is essential in incorporating the victim’s voice into judicial decision-making. The study proposes a Victim Impact Statement (VIS) model designed to help both victims and judges convey and evaluate the effects of crime more effectively. It concludes with recommendations to better integrate VIS into Indonesia’s criminal justice system, moving toward an approach that is more victim-centered and aligned with the principles of restorative justice.
Criminal Sanctions as a Consequence of Negligence by Data Controllers In Personal Data Breaches Yanu Romansyah Melvando; Milda Istiqomah; Yuliati Yuliati
Jurnal Ius Constituendum Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): OCTOBER
Publisher : Magister Hukum Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jic.v10i3.12078

Abstract

This research aims to analyse criminal sanctions due to negligence of personal data controllers that cause data leaks based on Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law). The increasing incidents of personal data leakage in Indonesia indicate weak legal protection related to personal data control. Meanwhile, the PDP Law does not explicitly regulate culpa, resulting in legal uncertainty and potential impunity for perpetrators. This research is important because there is a legal vacuum related to the liability of negligent data controllers and the weak deterrent effect of administrative sanctions that have been applied so far. This research uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, examining existing legal norms related to personal data protection, especially the PDP Law. The results show that the PDP Law has not expressly regulated the negligence of data controllers, resulting in a legal vacuum and weakening the enforcement of personal data protection. Therefore, this research offers a new norm formulation that explicitly regulates criminal sanctions for data controller negligence and criminal liability for negligent data controllers. Thus, the a need for reformulation of criminal norms against negligence to increase legal certainty and protect the rights of personal data owners in Indonesia.
Suspension of Detention for Children Acting in Self-Defense as a Form of Special Protection in the Juvenile Justice System Siagian, Nurul Inayah; Aprilianda, Nurini; Istiqomah, Milda
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i2.1198

Abstract

Detention of children in the context of self-defense (noodweer) remains unregulated explicitly in Indonesia's juvenile criminal justice system. Although Article 49 of the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP) recognizes self-defense as a justifying or excusing ground, children may still be subjected to detention under general procedural provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). This creates legal uncertainty and increases the risk of disproportionate treatment. This study employs a normative juridical method with a comparative approach, analyzing the German legal system, which limits juvenile detention and emphasizes psychological, educational, and proportionality considerations. The findings show an urgent need for Indonesia to formulate specific legal norms on the suspension of detention for children who commit acts of self-defense. Such reform is crucial to uphold children's rights, prevent criminalization, and support restorative justice principles and humane treatment in the juvenile justice process.
The Effectiveness of Terrorism Prevention Policy in the Special Region of the Capital of Jakarta (Study on Indonesian National Armed Forces and Indonesian Police as Pressure Organizations) Usuluddin, Fachruddin; Riniwati, Harsuko; Marjono, Marjono; Istiqomah, Milda
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 26 No. 4 (2023): WACANA, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.wacana.2023.026.04.05

Abstract

The government's policy objectives for countering terrorism in the DKI Jakarta Province have not been effective. This is marked by the lack of a sense of security for some people in dealing with acts of terrorism carried out by government officials. Based on this phenomenon, the research problem is formulated, namely why the government has not met expectations in implementing counter-terrorism policies, to know what factors determine the effectiveness of the policy. The method used is MICMAC analysis. The data in this study were obtained from literature studies from related documents, journals, and other scientific articles. The variables in this study refer to 5 indicators of policy effectiveness indicators, broken down into eight variables: organization, environment, workers, management policies and practices, and technology in training education and training centers. Overall, the results of the study indicate that the implementation of counter-terrorism in the DKI Jakarta Province has not been effective. This can be seen from the regulation and control of the TNI (Indonesian Armed Forces) and Polri (Indonesian Police) apparatus as pressure organizations that have not been maximized. The lack of achievement of these goals is related to several factors, including internal factors (factors originating from within the organization) and external factors (factors originating from outside the organization). However, the government's efforts to prevent acts of terrorism continue as carried out by the TNI and Polri officers through training and training camps with community support. Keywords: effectiveness, counter-terrorism, external factors, internal factors, policy
Co-Authors Abdul Madjid Agustin, Bunga Veronika Milania Aji, Muhammad Kharisma Bayu Ali, Hilmy Faidulloh Alimardani, Armin Anang Riyan Ramadianto Andi Pambudi Utomo Anditya, Ariesta Wibisono Anindita, Raras Natasya Bagus Sujatmiko Bambang Sugiri BAMBANG SUGIRI Bayu Akbar Wicaksono Denny Ardian Priambodo Dhiana Puspitawati Dzulkarnain Alghafuru Syahputra Eka Yudha Kurniawan EMMILIA RUSDIANA, EMMILIA Fachrizal Afandi Faizin Sulistio Fajri, M. Hisyam Nur Fayadh Ayyasi Regar Furqani, Alvie Naufal Harsuko Riniwati I Nyoman NURJAYA I Nyoman Nurjaya Ifahda Pratama Hapsari Jameelah, Mariyam Kevin Krissentanu Winner Maharani, Natalia Marjono Marjono Milania, Bunga Veronika Muchamad Ali Safaat Muhammad Cakranegara Muhammad Haykal Nasrudin, Zaldi Noerdajasakti, Setiawan Nurini Aprilianda Pratama, I Gusti Agung Ananta Pratama, I Gusti Ananta Prija Djatmika Prija Djatmika, Prija Ramadianto, Anang Riyan Rika Kurniaty Rika Kurniaty Rizky Kurnia Rizky Kurnia Rohmat rohmat Rohmat Rohmat Roytomi Isabilton Said, Muhamad Helmi Md Samararatne, Dinesha Septiawan Ridho Permadi Setyo Widagdo Siagian, Nurul Inayah Sidik Wiyono Sjafi’i, Imam Rahmat Sriti Hesti Astiti, Sriti Hesti Sugiri, Bambang Tantoi, Lalu Alex Taqwa, Faisal Akbaruddin Theo Sifra AHASIA Usuluddin, Fachruddin Wanto, Alfi Haris Widyaningsih, Aryana Sekar Yanu Romansyah Melvando Yessika Florencia Yuliati - Yuliati Yuliati