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BASIS FOR JUDGES' CONSIDERATIONS IN SENTIMENTING CRIMINAL SENTENCES BELOW THE MINIMUM SPECIFICALLY IN THE CRIMINAL OFFENCE OF INDEMNITY REVIEWED FROM THE PRINCIPLE OF LEGAL CERTAINTY (Study of Decision Number 7/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Sos) Andi Pambudi Utomo; Prija Djatmika; Milda Istiqomah
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i3.2762

Abstract

Hakim memainkan peranan penting dalam menegakkan hukum dan keadilan, termasuk ketika menjatuhkan pidana di bawah batas minimum khusus dalam perkara pencabulan terhadap anak. Meskipun langkah ini dimaksudkan untuk mewujudkan keadilan substantif, penerapannya dapat menimbulkan dilema hukum karena berisiko mengurangi kepastian hukum dan menyebabkan ketidakkonsistenan dalam putusan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan kajian lebih mendalam untuk menemukan titik temu antara keadilan dan kepastian hukum dalam praktik peradilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana di bawah batas minimum khusus dalam perkara pencabulan anak dari sudut pandang asas kepastian hukum. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengevaluasi dampak hukum dari praktik tersebut terhadap sistem peradilan pidana dan jaminan perlindungan hukum bagi korban. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan penelaahan terhadap regulasi dan studi kasus. Sumber data meliputi bahan hukum primer (peraturan perundang-undangan), bahan hukum sekunder (literatur akademik), serta bahan hukum tersier (kamus hukum). Analisis dilakukan melalui metode interpretasi ekstensif guna menilai penerapan asas kepastian hukum serta ruang kebebasan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan. Temuan penelitian mengungkap bahwa hakim mempertimbangkan faktor hukum maupun non-hukum dalam menjatuhkan pidana di bawah minimum khusus. Walaupun langkah ini bertujuan mengharmoniskan antara keadilan dan kepastian hukum, praktik tersebut tetap berpotensi menimbulkan disparitas putusan dan ketidakpastian hukum. Selain itu, penggunaan Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (SEMA) sebagai acuan juga menimbulkan perdebatan terkait supremasi hukum dan konsistensi penerapan pidana minimum khusus.
PRACTICE OF IMPOSING CRIMINAL SENTENCES OUTSIDE THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S INDICTMENT IN NARCOTICS CASES Muhammad Haykal; Milda Istiqomah
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3143

Abstract

The establishment of the Criminal Procedure Code as a replacement for the HIR, raises hopes for a more humane criminal law enforcement, and can truly lead to the material truth of a criminal event. The Criminal Procedure Code has been running for more than 40 years, on the other hand the dynamics of human life continue to run so that it seems that the Criminal Procedure Code no longer answers the problems that arise today. In narcotics cases, situations are often found where the defendant is not charged with Article 127 of the Narcotics Law, but in the trial facts it is revealed that the defendant is purely a drug abuser. Meanwhile, Article 182 paragraph (4) of the Criminal Procedure Code requires the judge to impose a sentence according to the public prosecutor's indictment. To overcome this, a Circular Letter has been issued which allows judges to impose a sentence below the special minimum, and still decide according to the public prosecutor's indictment. However, in practice, namely the cassation decision Number 1832 K / Pid.Sus / 2023, it does not heed the provisions of Article 182 paragraph (4) of the Criminal Procedure Code, and the provisions of the Circular Letter, by imposing the defendant with Article 127 of the Narcotics Law, even though the article was not charged. This study aims to determine how the judge's considerations in imposing a sentence outside the indictment in the cassation decision Number 1832 K / Pid.Sus / 2023. This research is a normative legal research, the legal materials used in this study consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the basis for the judge's considerations is the existence of jurisprudence that allows the judge to decide outside the indictment as long as the article applied is similar to the article charged, and the threat of punishment is lighter. The act of deciding outside the indictment is part of the judge's efforts to explore legal values, truth, and the benefits of law in order to realize justice.
BASIS FOR THE JUDGE'S CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE REPORT CORRECTION CENTER FOR CHILDREN OF DRUG ABUSE (CASE STUDY IN GRESIK DISTRICT COURT) Roytomi Isabilton; Milda Istiqomah; I Nyoman Nurjaya
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3144

Abstract

Drug cases are currently difficult to stop, this is due to the illicit trafficking of narcotics which until now has not been resolved completely. This has an impact on children who abuse narcotics because currently drug abuse is not only targeting adults but also children. Based on this, appropriate efforts and steps are needed to handle children as drug abusers so that they get protection and the best interests of children can be realized. Therefore, the discussion of this study is how the influence of the correctional center report on the basis of judges' considerations for children who abuse narcotics and how the legal regulations will be in the future regarding the provision of correctional center recommendations for children who abuse narcotics for the best interests of children. This study is a normative study with a legislative, conceptual approach and emphasis on elements, norms, rules, principles, theories and legal rules in dealing with legal problems such as legal vacuum, norm conflict or norm ambiguity.
THE URGENCY OF LEGAL REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE AUTHENTICATION OF EVIDENCE ELECTRONICS IN THE INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Fayadh Ayyasi Regar; Milda Istiqomah; Faizin Sulistio
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3773

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of electronic evidence authentication in the Indonesian criminal justice system and formulate future legal regulations that provide legal certainty regarding the validity of electronic evidence. The research method used is a juridical-normative with a statutory and conceptual approach, which is based on a literature review of national regulations and international legal instruments such as the Budapest Convention. The results of the study indicate that the absence of provisions for electronic evidence authentication in the Criminal Procedure Code creates legal uncertainty and opens up opportunities for digital evidence manipulation in court. The discussion emphasizes the importance of digital forensics as a technical authentication mechanism to ensure the integrity, authenticity, and reliability of electronic evidence. In addition, the conformity of electronic evidence with the principles of relevance and legality is still not fully regulated in the criminal procedural law system. The conclusion of this study is that electronic evidence authentication needs to be immediately regulated firmly in legislation as a form of adaptation to developments in information technology to realize justice and legal certainty in the digital era
COMPARATIVE REGULATION OF “INADMISSIBLE DECISIONS” IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW BETWEEN INDONESIA AND GERMANY Bayu Akbar Wicaksono; Milda Istiqomah; Rika Kurniaty
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4280

Abstract

This article examines the comparative regulation of “inadmissible decisions” in criminal procedure law between Indonesia and Germany. Comparative law is used as an analytical approach to identify similarities and differences between the two legal systems, aiming to formulate clearer and more systematic procedural norms. Both countries belong to the civil law tradition, which emphasizes codification and legal certainty. Germany recognizes two key mechanisms related to inadmissible decisions, namely Verfahrenshindernis (procedural obstacles) and Unzulässige Anklage (inadmissible indictment). These mechanisms serve as legal filters to ensure procedural compliance and the protection of defendants’ rights before the main trial begins. This study concludes that Germany’s systematic procedural framework offers a valuable model for reformulating the normative and procedural basis of inadmissible decisions in Indonesia.
THE ROLE OF AMICUS CURIAE IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN CRIMINAL CASES IN INDONESIA Yessika Florencia; Milda Istiqomah; Faizin Sulistio
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4417

Abstract

The criminal justice system in Indonesia has not explicitly regulated the requirements, procedures for submitting, and the position of amicus curiae in the criminal justice system in Indonesia. There are judges who reject the submission of Amicus curiae because there is no procedural law governing it, judges argue that procedural law in the judicial process is very important in realizing legal certainty in Indonesia. Meanwhile, judges who accept amicus curiae applications use Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law No. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power as the basis for accepting amicus curiae in trials. Progressive judges use Amicus curiae in their consideration of their decisions both from a philosophical, juridical and sociological perspective, where the hope is that the judge's decision will not only provide legal certainty but also truly provide a sense of justice and benefit to the parties. This study aims to determine the role of amicus curiae or friends of the judiciary in improving the quality of judges' decisions in the criminal justice system process in Indonesia. This research uses normative juridical method by using statutory approach and comparative approach. The results showed that the existence of amicus curiae can make a positive contribution to the decision of criminal cases in Indonesia. It is time for a regulation regarding the role and position of amicus curiae in the criminal justice system in Indonesia, so that there is an increase in the quality of decisions by accommodating the values of life and development in society.
RECONSTRUCTION OF A REHABILITATION APPROACH FOR VICTIMS OF DRUG ABUSE WITH COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION WITH JUSTICE VALUES Kevin Krissentanu Winner; Milda Istiqomah; Bambang Sugiri
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4670

Abstract

The method of handling victims of drug abuse can be done through community-based rehabilitation with therapy methods using a psychosocial approach. Community-based Social Rehabilitation still faces challenges in its implementation. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the rehabilitation approach for victims of drug abuse with community-based interventions with justice values in order to provide legal protection to victims of drug abuse and reform the Indonesian narcotics criminal law . The research method used is legal research with a statutory regulatory approach, a comparative approach, and a conceptual approach. Based on the research that has been done, it is known that regulations regarding the rehabilitation of victims of drug abuse with a community-based intervention approach still require synchronization of cooperation between the National Narcotics Agency and Regional Governments. because the implementation of community-based interventions without involving Regional Apparatus Organizations causes suboptimal gradual handling programs for victims of drug abuse. In addition, there is an urgency to carry out reconstruction based on the principle of justice referring to the purpose of rehabilitation as treatment or care for drug addicts, so that addicts can recover from their addiction to narcotics.
THE PARADOX OF CHILD SENTENCING IN MURDER CASES: CRITIQUING THE 'BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD' PRINCIPLE IN INDONESIAN COURTS. Denny Ardian Priambodo; Nurini Aprilianda; Milda Istiqomah
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Criminal offenses are no longer committed only by adults, but also by children, along with the development of technology and social dynamics. Indonesia, through Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, provides protection for children in conflict with the law. However, in practice there are still court decisions considered not to have fully applied the principle of the best interests of the child, such as the decision of the Penajam District Court imposing a 20-year sentence and the Lamongan District Court imposing an 11-year sentence. This research is a normative juridical study using a statutory and conceptual approach through library research. The results show that: (1) judges’ considerations are based on both juridical and non-juridical aspects; (2) the application of the best interests of the child principle has not been consistent and has not been fully oriented toward social reintegration; (3) sentencing that is not in accordance with the provisions of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law has the potential to damage the child’s future and hinder the fulfillment of the child’s rights, in line with Arif Gosita’s concept of child protection. By examining these two decisions, it becomes important to emphasize that it is recommended to optimize restorative justice, improve the quality of guidance and rehabilitation in Juvenile Development Institutions and Correctional Centers, and strengthen inter-agency collaboration, including the active involvement of child psychologists in court proceedings.
Are Judges Listening? Rethinking Sentencing in Child Sexual Violence through Victim Impact Statements in Indonesia Anang Riyan Ramadianto; Milda Istiqomah; Nurini Aprilianda
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 25 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2025.25.2.15724

Abstract

The protection of victims' rights, especially child victims of sexual violence, remains a major challenge in Indonesia's criminal justice system. One critical yet underutilized instrument is the Victim Impact Statement (VIS), which allows victims to convey the psychological, emotional, social, and economic impact of the crime they experienced. However, the implementation of VIS in Indonesia is still limited due to the absence of explicit regulation in the current Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). This paper aims to examine the role of VIS in strengthening victim protection and to analyze the inhibiting factors affecting its implementation in the Karanganyar District Court. Using a socio-legal approach, this study combines normative legal research with empirical data gathered through interviews with judicial actors. The findings reveal that the main obstacles lie in three areas: the lack of legal substance (absence of specific VIS regulation), weak legal structure (limited procedural guidelines and institutional support), and unsupportive legal culture (stigmatization of victims and lack of victim-centered perspectives among legal practitioners). The study proposes a structured model of VIS based on Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2022 and international practices, aiming to fill the normative gap and support future reform of Indonesia’s criminal procedure law. Strengthening VIS as a legal and procedural tool is essential for ensuring justice that is not only punitive but also restorative and responsive to the needs of victims.
Regulation of The Analysis of Suspicious Financial Transactions as Documentary Evidence Ade Putra R; Yuliati Yuliati; Yenny Etta Widyanti; Milda Istiqomah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON LANGUAGE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STUDIES Vol 9, No 2 (2025): International Journal on Language, Research (Law) Education Studies
Publisher : State Islamic University of North Sumatra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijlres.v9i2.28165

Abstract

The handling of money laundering cases in Indonesia reveals a normative tension between evidentiary rules and the confidentiality regime governing financial intelligence. Financial Transaction Analysis Reports issued by the Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK) contain strategic information essential for tracing illicit financial flows, yet their evidentiary status remains contested due to statutory obligations to protect the identity of reporting parties. This study examines the legal position of financial intelligence reports within the Indonesian criminal justice system, particularly in relation to documentary evidence recognized under money laundering legislation. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the research analyzes relevant laws, judicial practices, and doctrinal interpretations governing evidence in money laundering prosecutions. The findings demonstrate that while money laundering laws formally recognize documents as valid evidence, financial intelligence reports are functionally constrained by confidentiality provisions, limiting their direct use in evidentiary proceedings. This legal ambiguity generates uncertainty in law enforcement practices and raises concerns regarding procedural fairness and legal certainty. The study concludes that a clearer regulatory framework is required to reconcile evidentiary needs with confidentiality obligations, ensuring both effective prosecution and protection of reporting entities.