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Kebiri Kimia sebagai Sanksi Tindakan dalam Double Track System Jamaludin, Ahmad
ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): ADLIYA : Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/adliya.v15i2.13910

Abstract

The punishment policy in the form of chemical castration for perpetrators of sexual crimes is a confusing policy when viewed from the perspective of a double-track system. The application of castration sanctions is contrary to the purpose of action sanctions in the double-track system because it does not aim to restore the perpetrators, but rather to provide a deterrent effect and retaliation. So that the chemical castration policy is wrong because it is not in accordance with following the principle of action sanctions in the double-track system. The research method used is normative juridical using primary and secondary data and then analyzed qualitatively. This study aims to find out about the double-track system and to determine the action of chemical castration in the perspective of the double-track system. The results of this study show, First in the double-track system, the criminal system is known in two ways, namely, through legal sanctions and witnesses of action, legal sanctions are oriented towards revenge for their behavior while action sanctions are oriented towards improving the perpetrators so that they can be accepted back in the community. The two sanctions for castration are not included as witnesses for acts in the double-track system, because the basic idea is to improve the perpetrators, while chemical castration is more directed at retaliation. This research can be a reference for criminal law policymakers so that the legal policy does not get out of the basic idea of criminal law itself. Kebijakan pemidanaan berupa sanksi tindakan kebiri kimia bagi palaku kejahatan seksual menjadi kebijakan yang membingungkan jika dilihat dalam perpektif double track system. Penerapan sanksi tindakan kebiri kimia bertolak belakang dengan tujuan dari sanksi tindakan dalam sistem double track system dikarenakan tidak bertujuan memulihkan pelaku, namun lebih kepada pemberian efek jera dan pembalasan. Sehingga kebijakan kebiri kimia menjadi kebijakan yang keliru karena tidak sesuai dengan prinsip sanksi tindakan dalam sistem double track system. Penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang double track system dan untuk mengetahui tindakan kebiri kimia dalam per­spektif double track system. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan, Pertama dalam sistem double track system, sistem pemidanaan dikenal dengan dua jalan yakni melalui sanksi hukum dan saksi tindakan, sanksi hukum berorientasi pada upaya balas dendam terhadap prilakunya sedangkan sanksi tindakan berorientasi pada perbaikan pelaku agar bisa diterima kembali di masyarakat. Kedua saknsi tindakan kebiri tidak terma­suk saksi tindakan dalam double track system, sebab ide dasarnya perbaikan terhadap pelaku sedangkan kebiri kimia lebih mengarah kepada pembalasan. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi pembuat kebijakan hukum pidana agar kebijakan hukum tersebut tidak keluar dari ide dasarnya hukum pidana itu sendiri.
Modus Operandi And Criminal Policy of Sexual Violence in Islamic Boarding Schools Jamaludin, Ahmad
ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/adliya.v17i2.24793

Abstract

This paper presents a research on the modus operandi of perpetrators of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools, exploring the reasons and objectives behind these acts, as well as the criminal law policies applicable to these offenders. Sexual violence in these Islamic boarding schools requires prevention and intervention through a legal paradigm. Understanding the patterns of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools is important to identify regulations and criminal sanctions for the perpetrators. It also helps to identify legal protections available to the victims. This research employs a socio-legal method that is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively, to provide answers to the issues discussed in this research. The findings of this research indicate that the modus operandi of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools can be executed through persuasion, coercion, promises of marriage, transfer of knowledge, taking responsibility, or facilitating education up to university level, thereby deceiving and manipulating the victims into committing such immoral acts. Moreover, criminal law policies on sexual violence have been regulated by the Wetboek van Strafrecht, the Child Protection Law, Domestic Violence Law, the Sexual Violence Law, and the Criminal Code, with various forms of sanctions and protections, aimed at providing protection and justice for victims. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian tentang modus operandi pelaku kekerasan seksual di Pesantren, apa alasan dan tujuan pelaku melakukan kekerasan seksual serta bagaimana kebijakan hukum pidana bagi pelaku kekerasan seksual di pesantren. Kekerasan seksual dipesantren memerlukan pencegahan dan penanggulangan dengan paradigma hukum, oleh karenanya perlunya diketahui modus operandi kekerasan seksual di pesantren agar dapat mengkualifikasikan regulasi mana dan sanksi pidana apa yang relevan diterapkan terhadap pelaku juga dapat memetakan perlindungan hukum apa yang bisa didapat korban kekerasan seksual di pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sosio legal yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif sehingga dapat menemukan jawaban atas permasalahan yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah modus operandi kekerasan seksual dipesantren dapat dilakukan dengan membujuk rayu, memaksa mengiming-imingi akan dinikahi, ditransfer ilmu, bertanggung jawab dan akan memfasilitasi pendidikan sampai perguruan tinggi sehingga korban terperdaya dan mau melakukan perbuatan asusila tersebut. Selain itu kebijakan hukum pidana kekerasan seksual telah diatur oleh wetboek van strafrecht, UU Perlindungan Anak, UU PKDRT, UU TPKS dan KUHP dengan bentuk sanksi dan perlindungan yang beragam dengan tujuan memberikan perlindungan dan keadilan bagi korban.
Optimizing Prisoner Care Services by Enhancing Police Performance in Indonesian National Police Detention Centers Tua, Rolando; Rizali, Deden Fajar; Jamaludin, Ahmad
Research Horizon Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Research Horizon - August 2025
Publisher : LifeSciFi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54518/rh.5.4.2025.745

Abstract

The National Police is a state apparatus responsible for maintaining public security and order, enforcing the law, and providing protection and services to the community. This study aims to explore the optimization of prisoner care services through efforts to improve the performance of Indonesian National Police members. Employing an empirical juridical approach, the research focuses on the Directorate of Prisoners and Evidence (Direktorat Tahanan dan Barang Bukti/DITTAHTI) Detention Center of the West Java Regional Police. The findings reveal that prisoner care services have been running effectively, despite a shortage of personnel specifically assigned to the care and supervision of detainees. Optimization efforts are reflected in activities such as maintaining detention center facilities, providing food and clothing for detainees, fulfilling their basic needs, maintaining cleanliness, offering physical and spiritual guidance, facilitating visitation services, ensuring access to healthcare, and conducting programs for discipline, legal awareness, and grievance resolution. These service improvements aim to support a humane and accountable investigation process. The performance of Indonesian National Police personnel significantly influences the quality of prisoner care services. As such, well-performing officers contribute to more effective and satisfactory services, directly impacting public trust and satisfaction with the role of the police in managing detainee welfare.
Legal Aspects of Informed Consent for Patients Requiring Emergency Treatment Putri, Junia; Bihar, Syamsul; Jamaludin, Ahmad
Research Horizon Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Research Horizon - August 2025
Publisher : LifeSciFi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54518/rh.5.4.2025.747

Abstract

In the medical field, doctors are required to have a permit before performing medical procedures. However, doctors often encounter patients in emergency situations who cannot give consent and are not accompanied by family. This study aims to examine the implementation of informed consent in Indonesia to identify challenges and possible solutions. Through a literature review, this study uses a normative legal approach. Therefore, Law Number 17 of 2023, Article 293(9) exempts doctors from the obligation to obtain medical consent in emergencies. The result shows According to Article 275 paragraphs (1) and (2), doctors are also legally protected from payment demands after providing first aid to save lives or prevent disability. Because they offer an agreement on efforts and are exempt from legal responsibility if the patient’s goal is to be helped, doctors should not hesitate to act quickly in emergencies. This study found that Law Number 17 of 2023 provides doctors with legal protection to act without consent in emergencies, thereby reducing the risk of legal liability. The conclusion is that clear guidelines and ongoing legal education for medical personnel are essential to ensure safe and legal emergency care.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Diversi dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Anak sebagai Pelaku Penganiayaan dan Pengeroyokan di Jawa Barat Jamaludin, Ahmad; Nuraeni, Risti Dea
JCIC : Jurnal CIC Lembaga Riset dan Konsultan Sosial Vol 7 No 2 (2025): JCIC: Jurnal CIC Lembaga Riset dan Konsultan Sosial
Publisher : CIC Lembaga Riset dan Konsultan Sosial

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51486/jbo.v7i2.246

Abstract

Children are the nation’s next generation and play a vital role in sustainable development and the country’s future. The protection of children, including within the context of criminal law, is a fundamental aspect of building a holistic Indonesian human resource foundation based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. This study analyzes the effectiveness of implementing diversion in resolving juvenile cases involving assault and collective violence in Bandung, West Java. The research aims to examine the implementation of the diversion concept within the juvenile criminal justice system, assess the effectiveness of rehabilitative approaches, evaluate legal protection mechanisms, identify the underlying factors behind juvenile delinquency, and formulate policy recommendations for improving child protection. A qualitative research approach was employed, with data collected through interviews at the Bandung Child Rights Advocacy Institute (Lembaga Advokasi Hak Anak/LAHA). Diversion plays a crucial role in Indonesia’s juvenile criminal justice system. The findings indicate that while diversion has been implemented, it continues to face various challenges, particularly concerning infrastructure and the interpretation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law. Several obstacles hinder its success, including limited participation from victims and communities, as well as persistent negative stigma toward juvenile offenders. Therefore, further measures are needed to raise public awareness of the importance of diversion and to strengthen inter-institutional collaboration. The study suggests that enhancing the effectiveness of diversion requires a comprehensive approach involving multiple stakeholders.
Perlindungan Anak Dalam Sengketa Hak Kuasa Asuh Di Kota Bandung Jamaludin, Ahmad
Pemuliaan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Pemuliaan Hukum
Publisher : Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Nusantara Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30999/ph.v6i2.3797

Abstract

Abstract Child protection is a comprehensive effort aimed at ensuring the welfare and rights of children. In child custody disputes, children are often the most vulnerable party and require special protection to ensure their growth, development, and well-being are safeguarded. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of children in custody disputes in the City of Bandung, as well as identify the challenges and efforts to protect children in such cases. This research employs a normative juridical approach, focusing on the normative analysis of various books and regulations, specifically concerning child protection in custody disputes. Data is obtained through library research supported by field research, including interviews, and is analyzed qualitatively. The study was conducted at the Religious Court of Bandung and related institutions. Based on the findings, the study concludes that child protection in custody disputes has been pursued through mediation and court decisions. However, challenges remain, such as parents' egos prioritizing personal conflicts, insufficient supporting evidence, and a lack of public understanding of children's rights. Although the implementation of legal protection has progressed, it has not been optimal due to socio-cultural factors. The study recommends closer collaboration between the government, legal institutions, and society to create a more effective child protection system in custody disputes in the City of Bandung. Keyword : child custody disputes, child protection, bandung Abstrak Perlindungan anak merupakan upaya komprehensif yang bertujuan menjamin kesejahteraan dan hak-hak anak. Dalam sengketa hak kuasa asuh, anak sering kali menjadi pihak yang paling rentan dan membutuhkan perlindungan khusus agar tumbuh kembang serta kesejahteraannya tetap terjamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum anak dalam sengketa hak kuasa asuh di Kota Bandung, serta mengidentifikasi kendala dan upaya perlindungan hukum bagi anak dalam kasus tersebut. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang berfokus pada analisis normatif terhadap berbagai buku dan peraturan perundang-undangan, dengan fokus pada perlindungan anak dalam sengketa hak kuasa asuh. Data diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan yang didukung oleh penelitian lapangan dengan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pengadilan Agama Bandung dan lembaga terkait. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh simpulan bahwa perlindungan anak dalam sengketa hak kuasa asuh telah diupayakan melalui mediasi dan keputusan pengadilan, namun masih terdapat kendala seperti ego orang tua yang lebih mengutamakan konflik pribadi, minimnya bukti pendukung, serta lemahnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang hak-hak anak. Implementasi perlindungan hukum telah berjalan tetapi belum optimal karena masih terkendala faktor sosial dan budaya. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah diperlukan kolaborasi yang lebih erat antara pemerintah, lembaga hukum, dan masyarakat untuk menciptakan sistem perlindungan anak yang lebih efektif dalam sengketa hak kuasa asuh di Kota Bandung. Kata Kunci: hak kuasa asuh, perlindungan anak, bandung
Pendidikan Multidisiplin dan Sosialisasi Untuk Pengembangan Masyarakat di Desa Bojong, Kecamatan Majalaya Jamaludin, Ahmad; Wandari, Tsania; Erliana, Rena; Nurzakiya, Anisa; Ervandha, Mochammad
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara (JPkMN)
Publisher : Lembaga Dongan Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55338/jpkmn.v5i1.2458

Abstract

UMKM menjadi pilihan usaha yang paling banyak ditekuni oleh masyarakat Indonesia, hal ini menjadikan usaha satu ini sangat berperan dalam pengembangan ekonomi di Negara Indonesia, pernyataan ini pun diperkuat dengan bukti administrasi yang mencatat banyaknya UMKM yang berdiri di Indonesia sejak tahun 2016 dideklarasikan Hari UMKM pertama hingga tahun 2020 sudah mencapai 64,19 juta unit. Akibat dari perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat, seakan memaksa para pelaku UMKM harus beradaptasi dengan cepat terhadap pembaharuan dari teknologi. Tujuan dari artikel pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan dampak yang bermanfaat kepada penduduk Desa Bojong. Dengan menyajikan informasi dan pengetahuan baru, artikel ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan penduduk desa dalam menggunakan teknologi digital. Pertama, penyuluhan dalam meningkatkan ekonomi lokal melalui digilatasi, Informasi yang telah dikumpulkan diperoleh melalui tahap wawancara kepada pelaku UMKM terkait profil usaha yang dijalankan, cara pemasaran yang dilakukan, target pasar yang ditentukan oleh para pelaku UMKM, dan pendapatan rata-rata yang diperoleh sebelum dilakukannya pemasaran dengan memanfaatkan digitalisasi. Hasil dari program ini telah membawa perubahan positif dalam banyak aspek kehidupan masyarakat. Dengan fokus pada pendekatan multidisiplin dan pengembangan kapasitas, program ini berhasil menciptakan fondasi yang kuat untuk pertumbuhan dan pengembangan berkelanjutan di Desa Bojong.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICAL PRACTICE Ardiyanti, Novita; Azmi, Rahma Nur Kamilatul; Ramadhan, Noval; Jamaludin, Ahmad
DE'RECHTSSTAAT Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): JURNAL HUKUM DE'RECHTSSTAAT
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/jhd.v10i1.11323

Abstract

The use of Artificial Intelligence in the medical world is a form of development and implementation of technology in the medical world. Indonesia is a country of law where everything that happens in Indonesia must be based and rely on the law. This research uses a normative juridical method using a conceptual approach by examining laws, articles, and also secondary and primary data sources related to the title to be analyzed. After reviewing it, the use of AI in the world of medicine really helps make things easier for health and medical workers. Meanwhile, legal responsibility for the use of AI in the world of medicine itself is borne by the creators of artificial intelligence and AI users, or in this case, the medical personnel themselves.
Freedom Of Speech Para Demonstran: Bukan Sekedar Dilema Perlindungan Hukum? Jamaludin, Ahmad
Pemuliaan Hukum Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020): Pemuliaan Hukum
Publisher : Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Nusantara Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30999/jph.v3i2.1441

Abstract

Democracy has an important meaning in a state principle which in fact in its implementation has differences from each country that adheres to it. This fundamental democratic idea provides a new concept of the rule of law in which there are principles of the rule of law. Democracy and human rights are requirements for the implementation of the rule of law, democracy and the protection of human rights can be said to be access to democratization which guarantees all forms of political freedom. Not only freedom in terms of politics, freedom of opinion and expression today is also a basic right that in essence must be given to all human beings in a democratic country. All forms of freedom of opinion that are owned by individuals and/or legal entities as legal subjects in the life of society, nation and state require guarantees for freedom of assembly, association and expression as described in Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Protection and guarantees for these freedoms are needed in the practice of demonstrations, as a movement to express opinions in public in the form of dynamic dialogue and political suppression efforts with the aim of advancing people's way of thinking towards a democratic state. This paper analyzes the juridical review of freedom of expression in public carried out by a group of demonstrators as a guarantee of the rights of every Indonesian citizen, which is then linked to Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. In the results of the analysis, the practice still needs a lot of evaluation in terms of supervision which should be more stringent through coordination related to human rights enforcement, especially in terms of expression. There is a guarantee of freedom to interact without being limited by undemocratic political policies and there must be continued advocacy regarding the importance of upholding human rights and the tolerant attitude of the community towards everyone's freedom of expression.Demokrasi memiliki arti penting dalam sebuah asas kenegaraan yang nyatanya dalam pelaksanaannya memiliki perbedaan dari setiap negara yang menganutnya. Gagasan demokrasi yang bersifat fundamental ini memberikan konsep baru mengenai negara hukum yang didalamnya terdapat prinsip negara hukum. Demokrasi dan HAM merupakan persyaratan bagi penyelenggaraan negara hukum, demokrasi dan perlindungan HAM dapat dikatakan merupakan akses adanya demokratisasi yang menjamin segala bentuk kebebasan politik. Tidak hanya kebebasan dalam hal politik, kebebasan dalam berpendapat dan berekspresi dewasa ini juga merupakan hak dasar yang pada hakikatnya harus diberikan kepada seluruh insan negara demokratis. Segala bentuk kebebasan berpendapat yang dimiliki orang dan/atau badan hukum sebagai subjek hukum dalam hidup bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara diperlukan adanya jaminan atas kebebasan berkumpul, berserikat dan menyatakan pendapat sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Perlindungan serta jaminan atas kebebasan tersebut diperlukan dalam praktik demontrasi, sebagai gerakan menyatakan pendapat di muka umum dengan bentuk dialog dinamis dan upaya penekanan secara politik dengan tujuan kemajuan cara berpikir masyarakat menuju negara yang demokratis. Tulisan ini menganalisis tinjauan secara yuridis mengenai kebebasan berpendapat di muka umum yang dilakukan oleh sekelompok demonstran sebagai jaminan hak setiap warga negara Indonesia, yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Pada hasil analisis, praktiknya masih perlu banyak evaluasi dalam hal pengawasan yang seharusnya dapat lebih ketat melalui koordinasi terkait penegakkan HAM khususnya dalam hal berekpresi. Adanya jaminan kebebasan berinteraksi tanpa di batasi oleh kebijakan politik yang tidak demokratis dan harus terus dilakukan advokasi mengenai pentingnya penegakkan HAM dan sikap toleran masyarakat terhadap kebebasan berekspresi setiap orang.
Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana dalam Penegakan Hukum Dikejaksaan Jamaludin, Ahmad
Pemuliaan Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Pemuliaan Hukum
Publisher : Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Nusantara Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30999/jph.v4i2.1453

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out the legal process in the application of restorative justice according to the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning the Dismissal of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. The research method includes research specifications, namely analytical descriptive, normative juridical approach method, through the library research stage, namely researching and reviewing secondary data obtained through library study data collection techniques, then secondary data is analyzed juridically-qualitatively. The conclusions are as follows: the legal process in the application of restorative justice according to the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning the Dismissal of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice is considered more capable of realizing substantive justice as desired by the parties (perpetrators, victims and the community) which in this case is more focused on the interests of victims and the obstacles faced by the Prosecutor's Office in Implementing the RI Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Dismissal of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice, among which are juridically, law enforcers are not given a clear and firm space in using alternative models in the settlement of criminal cases that allow for a balance protection of all parties.Tujuan peneltian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses hukum dalam penerapan keadilan restoratif menurut Peraturan Kejaksaan RI Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pemberhentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif.dan untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi dalam Peraturan Kejaksaan RI Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pemberhentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif. Metode penelitian mencakup spesifikasi penelitian, yairu deskriptif analitis, metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, melalui tahap penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu meneliti dan mengkaji data sekunder yang didapat melalui tknik pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan, yang selanjutnya data sekunder dianalisis secara yuridis-kualitatif. Kesimpulan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: proses hukum dalam penerapan keadilan restoratif menurut Peraturan Kejaksaan RI Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Pemberhentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif dianggap lebih dapat mewujudkan keadilan substantif sebagaimana diinginkan oleh para pihak (pelaku, korban dan masyarakat) yang dalam hal ini lebih fokus pada kepentingan korban dan Kendala yang dihadapi oleh Kejaksaan dalam Melaksanakan Peraturan Kejaksaan RI Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Pemberhentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan  Restoratif,  diantaranya  adalah  Secara  yuridis,  penegak hukum tidak diberikan ruang yang jelas dan tegas dalam menggunakan model alternatif dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana yang memungkinan adanya keseimbangan perlindungan semua pihak.