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Journal : Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Ibu Hamil Melakukan Tes HIV di Puskesmas Kota Yogyakarta Dwi Mutia Wenny; Yanri Wijayanti Subronto; Mohammad Hakimi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 32, No 11 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.479 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.11326

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan angka infeksi HIV pada anak usia 1-14 tahun kemungkinan besar berasal dari ibu sejak kandungan. Penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak dapat di tekan dengan mengetahui status HIV ibu, sehingga dapat dilakukan penanganan sedini mungkin.Yogyakarta merupakan daerah terkonsentrasi HIV sehingga setiap ibu hamil harus dilakukan pemeriksaan HIV.Cakupan ibu hamil yang melakukan tes HIV pada tahun 2014 dipuskesmas yang menyediakan fasilitas pemeriksaan HIV hanya sebesar 50%.Persepsi, dukungan tenaga kesehatan, informasi tentang HIV dan faktor lainnya berpengaruh pada pemeriksaan tes HIV pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku ibu hamil untuk melakukan tes HIV di puskesmas kota YogyakartaMetode: Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Kuantitatif bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain observasional berupa rancangan cross sectional untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat.Kualitatif berupa wawancara mendalam untuk mendukung hasil penelitian kuantitatif.Hasil:Jumlah subjek penelitian sebesar 85 orang dengan usia rata-rata 25-34 tahun, dan responden yang melakukan tes HIV sebesar 92.94%Analisis bivariabel menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik namun secara praktis berhubungan antara pengetahuan HIV, persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keparahan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, paparan informasi, dukungan tenaga kesehatan dan usia kehamilan dengan perilaku ibu hamil melakukan tes HIV di Puskesmas Kota YogyakartaKesimpulan: Hampir seluruh ibu hamil melakukan tes HIV di puskesmas walaupun tidak seluruh ibu memiliki pengetahuan, persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keparahan, persepsi manfaat, paparan informasi, dukungan tenaga kesehatan yang tinggi, dan persepsi hambatan yang rendah, hal ini karna tes HIV merupakan tes atas inisiatif tenaga kesehatan dan merupakan program dari pemerintah.
Faktor risiko loss to follow up terapi ARV pada pasien HIV Listy Handayani; Riris Andono Ahmad; Yanri Wijayanti Subronto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 33, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (724.635 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.12732

Abstract

Risk factors for loss to follow up of antiretroviral therapy in HIV patientsPurposeThis study aimed to determine risk factors for loss to follow-up of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients in Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, 2011-2014.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 499 HIV patients. Observations were conducted for four years using medical records. Data analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression tests.ResultsThere were 190 loss to follow-up patients. Risk factors for loss to follow-up of ARV therapy were: a student (AHR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.20-4.89), the distance ≥ 10 km (AHR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1:09 to 2:31), using health insurance (AHR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1:11 to 2:51) and homosexual as a protective factor of loss to follow-up of antiretroviral therapy (HR = 0:49; 95% CI = 0.30-0.80).ConclusionBeing a college student, the distance between home and ARV service ≥10 km and using health insurance were the risk factors for loss to follow-up of ARV treatment. Adherence counseling for students, cooperation with the drug taking supervisor and decentralization ARV service, as well as effective and efficient services for patients who use health insurance need to be strengthened.
Faktor risiko kejadian multi drug resistant tuberculosis di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Erma Nurjanah Widiastuti; Yanri Wijayanti Subronto; Dibyo Promono
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 33, No 7 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (391.172 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.18290

Abstract

Determinant of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis events at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of multidrug resistant events in patients with tuberculosis in Dr. Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 patients with suspected MDR TB consisting of 61 cases of MDR TB and 61 non MDR TB cases. The data collected were secondary data from MDR TB.06 registers, medical records, MDR TB.03 registers, and MDR TB patients' baseline data forms at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2012 until September 2016. Data were analyzed to determine the correlation between independent variables and dependent variable using Chi-Square tests, and to know the most dominant risk factors using multiple logistic regression tests.Results MDR TB patients’ characteristics showed there were more males (63.93%), age >45 years (52.46%), previously TB treatment (96.72%), never smoking (75.41%), no contacts with MDR TB patients (86.89%), and never examined for HIV-AIDS (59.02%). The analysis showed there was no significant association between age, sex, previous TB treatment, smoking, contact with MDR TB patients, and HIV-AIDS status with MDR TB incidence in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta (p value >0.05).Conclusion The variables of age, sex, previous TB treatment, smoking, contacts with MDR TB patients, and HIV-AIDS status were not risk factors for MDR TB incidence in Dr. Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta.
COVID-19 serological epidemiology study at the IG Supermarket cluster in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Adekayanti, Putri; Subronto, Yanri Wijayanti; Ahmad, Riris Andono
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 03 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i03.1787

Abstract

Purpose: IG supermarkets were one of the large clusters of COVID-19 transmission in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with exposure to SARS-COV-2 in the trade sector and to estimate the Secondary Attack Rate (SAR) magnitude of the COVID-19 cluster at IG Supermarkets. Methods: This study used secondary data from the RDT antibody examination results of IG Supermarket employees and notes on epidemiological investigations of close contact tracing of employees confirmed by COVID-19. The research design used descriptive and analytic observational methods with a case-control design (ratio 1:3). Results: Work unit characteristics were significantly associated with exposure to the SARS-COV-2 (p <0.05) exposure and employees who work in units that are directly related to consumers have a higher risk of reactive antibody RDT results than employees who are not directly related to consumers (OR = 3.786; 95% CI = 1.92-7. 69). The total number of close positive employee contacts with COVID-19 was 238 people (35.3% household contacts and 64.7% non-household contacts). The highest SAR was found in the household exposure setting, with an attack rate of 8.3% and a higher transmission potential in the female gender and the age group >60. Conclusion: Working in a unit with direct contact with consumers was a risk factor for exposure to SARS-COV-2 at the IG supermarket cluster in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. SAR COVID-19 was higher in household exposure settings, with a higher transmission potential at> 60 years of age. Therefore, the application of health protocols in supermarkets must be optimized to minimize the transmission of cases at home and home.
Self-stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS: revisiting human rights values for inclusive health service Nur Faizah, Ida; Cuyno Mellen, Renie; Syafriani, Syafriani; Wijayanti Subronto, Yanri; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Siwi Padmawati, Retna
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Purpose: This study explores self-stigma in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) who used Puskesmas services in Yogyakarta and its impact on their health service access. Method: Data come from in-depth interviews with three PLHIVs (one male and two female). Results: Self-stigma occurs among the respondents at the first diagnosis as HIV positive. Self-stigma is triggered by wrong judgments about HIV disease from health workers and communities. Self-stigma is based on negative thoughts of feeling different, having exclusivity (different from their environment). Thus, it is easier to feel rejected, showing the worst if they are discriminated against. The first thought when the respondent was diagnosed with positive HIV was, “how do I die? How will I die tomorrow?” "Not expect, why should I?" "My world has been destroyed; I have no hope anymore.” Feeling of vulnerability and helplessness related to death and illness trigger hypersensitive responses, so they tend to withdraw from social relationships. Continuous exposure will result in a reluctance to access health services due to decreased motivation for treatment. Conclusions Self-stigma is a defense mechanism to fight stigma and discrimination. Hypersensitivity protects to anticipate rejection from the surrounding environment. Thus, PLWHA understands disclosure to reveal the status or not to the closest people. However, this condition needs to be regulated so that self-stigma does not develop to interfere with life functions such as social relations, economy, and work. Self-stigma can reduce treatment prognosis and increase comorbidity and mortality due to lack of a support system, decreased treatment motivation. Therefore, Puskesmas should collaborate with families and communities. Puskesmas can create volunteer groups from people with stigmatized diseases as agents of change to build trust between PLWHA, families, and health workers. For suggestion, meetings with patients as well as an activity to support human rights in celebration day to develop equal and acceptance feelings.