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All Journal Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Pharmademica: Jurnal Kefarmasian dan Gizi Farmasis: Jurnal Sains Farmasi Journal of Agropharmacy
Machlaurin, Afifah
Drug Utilization Research Group, Bagian Farmasi Klinik Dan Komunitas Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Jember; Program Studi Magister Farmasi Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Jember
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien ISPA Non-pneumonia di Puskesmas Senduro Kabupaten Lumajang Tahun 2019 Pratiwi, Permata Sari; Rachmawati, Ema; Rachmawati, Sinta; Aryani, Dhita Evi; Norcahyanti, Ika; Machlaurin, Afifah; Muhammad Hilmi Afthoni
Journal of Agropharmacy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/joa.v1i2.1330

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an infectious disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Non-pneumonic ARI is mostly caused by viral infections so symptomatic therapy can be given, but it can also be caused by bacterial infections so antibiotic therapy is needed. Unwise use of antibiotics can increase bacterial resistance, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Regular evaluations need to be carried out to reduce the unwise use of antibiotics. The evaluation method that can be used is a quantitative method (ATC/DDD) to determine trends in antibiotic use. This research was conducted on 278 outpatient non-pneumonic ARI patients at the Senduro Lumajang Community Health Center in 2019, with the aim of knowing patient characteristics, antibiotic use profile, and description of antibiotic use using the ATC/DDD method. The results showed that female patients (n=154; 55.4%), were more dominant than male (n=124; 44.6%), patients with the highest age range being 36-45 years (n=70; 25, 2%), the highest diagnosis of ARI was other acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (J06) (n=147; 52.9%), the most commonly used antibiotic was amoxicillin (n=227; 81.6%) and the most rarely used was cefadroxil (n=13; 4.7%). Based on the evaluation results using the ATC/DDD method, it shows that amoxicillin is the antibiotic with the highest DDD value of 7.5 DDD/1000 patients/day and the antibiotic levofloxacin with the lowest DDD value of 0.3 DDD/1000 patients/day.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien ISPA non Pneumonia Rawat Jalan dengan pendekatan Drug Utilization 90% Rachmawati, Ema; Norcahyanti, Ika; Aryani, Dhita Evi; Machlaurin, Afifah; Kurniawan, Eka Cahya
Journal of Agropharmacy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are infections most commonly caused by viruses, and antibiotics are not always necessary. However, antibiotics are still frequently used needlessly in ARI patients. Unreasonably using antibiotics can affect the likelihood of adverse medication reactions, raise medical expenses, and lead to antibiotic resistance. Regular assessments are required to prevent the overuse of antibiotics. This surveillance study uses retrospective and cross-sectional data to monitor antibiotic use. We measured the amount of antibiotic use using the DDD method in combination with DU 90%. Outpatient non-pneumonia ARI patients at the Teja Health Center in the Pamekasan Regency in 2020 served as the study's sample. The study's samples consisted of 193 adult non-pneumonia ARI patients. The kind and quantity of antibiotics used were gathered from patient medical records. The daily consumption of each antibiotic was calculated in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day, then grouped into the DU 90% segment. Six types of antibiotics were used for the therapy of non-pneumonia ARI patients: amoxicillin, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, cefadroxil, and ciprofloxacin. The most widely used antibiotic is co-trimoxazole, valued at 4.71 DDD/1000 inhabitants per day. Two antibiotics are included in the 90% DU segment: co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin. This shows that the selection of antibiotics in ARI cases is increasingly specific. However, the use of co-trimoxazole in the therapy of non-pneumonia ARI needs to be further evaluated to assess the accuracy of drug prescription. This is because co-trimoxazole is not included in one of the antibiotic choices in the therapy management guidelines.
The Role of Pharmacy Personnel in Ensuring Appropriate Diarrhea Self-Medication in an Agro-Coastal Community in Jember, Indonesia Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia; Nur Sepdianto, Bagas; Rachmawati, Ema; Pontanar, Mae Quenie; Afifah Machlaurin
Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/farmasains.v11i1.44285

Abstract

Background: Self-medication for diarrhea is a common self-care practice because diarrhea is often perceived as a mild, self-limiting condition. However, its high prevalence in Indonesia, particularly in Jember Regency, raises concerns about inappropriate medicine selection and use, including the unsupervised use of prescription-only drugs such as loperamide and antibiotics. Pharmacists and pharmacy personnel play a key role in promoting safe and rational self-medication. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 pharmacies in Agro-Coastal Jember from August 2025 to January 2026. Using purposive sampling, 200 eligible respondents were recruited. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis and Chi-square analysis with the contingency coefficient test to assess the significance and strength of the relationship between variables. Result: Most respondents were female (67%), aged 26–35 years (46.5%), had a senior high school education (71%), and had a monthly income of < IDR 2,500,000 (86%). Loperamide was the most frequently used medication (46.36%), and more than half of the medications used were prescription-only (53.18%). The appropriateness of diarrhea self-medication remained low for both medicine selection (46.8% appropriate) and medicine use (28.2% appropriate). A significant association was found between the role of pharmacists/pharmaceutical staff and the appropriateness of diarrhea self-medication (p < 0.05), although the strength of the relationship was weak (r = 0.233 and r = 0.184). Conclusion: In conclusion, diarrhea self-medication in the Agro-Coastal Jember community was still dominated by inappropriate medication practices. Strengthening pharmacy-based counseling in community pharmacy and service quality is essential to improve the safety and rational use of medicines in diarrhea self-medication.
Co-Authors Agnes Jovanka Antonius Nugraha Widhi Pratama Antonius Nugraha Widhi Pratama Arwi, Khoiriyatul Muhlishoh Aryani, Dhita Evi Dhita Evi Aryani Elly Febry Taufany Ema Rachmawati Fajrin, Fifteen Aprilla Firandi, Adelia Fransiska Maria C. Fransiska Maria Christianty Husnun, Khoiriyah Haifa Ika Norcahyanti Ika Norcahyanti Irma Prasetyowati Kurniawan, Eka Cahya Mauladi, Zainol Ihsan Maulina Hari Pradipta Nur Sepdianto, Bagas Nuraini Agustin Nurul Faridah Poerwahyuningrum, Neny Pontanar, Mae Quenie Pratiwi, Permata Sari Prihwanto Budi Subagijo Prihwanto Budi Subagio Putu Setia Pratama Rahardjo, Angga Mardro Sinta Rachmawati Sinta Rachmawati Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia Yeni Rahmawati Negara