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THE PERFORMANCE OF JUICER MACHINE ON VEGETABLE MILK PRODUCTION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES Uli Karyani; Panut Mulyono; I Made Miasa
ASEAN Journal of Systems Engineering Vol 3, No 2 (2015): ASEAN Journal of Systems Engineering
Publisher : Master in Systems Engineering

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The purpose of this research is to make juicer machine to produce vegetable milk for small and medium-scale industries, and the machine has been able to be made with a juicer machine dimensions 90 cm X 40 cm X 114 cm. With ½ HP motor power and motor speed 1420 r / min so as to grind soy beans, green beans and corn with a production capacity of each of the milk is on average 15 liters, 12 liters and 12 liters.The first study is to design and create a juicer machine to produce vegetable milk based soy bean, green beans and corn by using some filter size is 60 mesh, 80 mesh and 100 mesh to obtain a best filter size for each type of vegetable milk. And organoleptic test to determine the level of preference for vegetable milk and obtained the most preferred type of vegetable milk is soy milk with a 100 mesh filter.Anti-E.coli test result on vegetable milk as product quality standards, not found any E. coli in each sample tested. While the feasibility of vegetable milk production using a juicer machine is feasible to use in the business of making the three types of vegetable milk because it can give the advantage of 1.20-fold for each unit of the issued capital, the benefits outweigh the effort of making industrial scale vegetable milk usual household. And in terms of the market, producing vegetable milk is still a promising business seen from vegetable milk organoleptic test average of 60% is still loved and considers it important to consume vegetable milk.

Kinetika Adsorpsi Phenol Dalam Air Dengan Arang Tempurung Kelapa Panut Mulyono; Wisnu Madha Kusuma
Forum Teknik Vol 33, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract Phenol is a hazardous chemical which usually contained in the wastewater from some industries, such as oil refineries, coal processing, and plastics. Phenol is dangerous substance to a microorganism although in low concentration in wastewater. According to the United State Environmental Protection Agency, the maximum concentration of phenol in wastewater is 1 ppm. This requirement is lower than the concentration of phenol in normal wastewater discharged from industries that is 100 to 1000 ppm. One of the most efficient practical method to remove phenol in waste water is adsorption. Many adsorbent can be used to adsorp phenol from waste water. In this study, coconut shell charcoal is used as the adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics of phenol in aqueous solution was studied by measuring the concentration of remaining phenol in the solution as a function of time (t) with the parameters of operation temperature (T), particle diameter of coconut shell charcoal (d), and mass ratio of coconut shell charcoal to the solution (r). The adsorption rate was found to be increased as the operation temperature and mass ratio increase, but it was decreased as the particle diameter increase. The empirical rate expression for the adsorption of phenol in aqueous solution with coconut shell charcoal has been determined as: 0,438 0,1313 1/2 0 2497,83 ln 1,4832exp C d r t C RT − ⎡ ⎤ − ⎛ ⎞ =− ⎜ ⎟ ⎢ ⎥ ⎝ ⎠ ⎣ ⎦ with the relative mean error of 30.74%. C in this equation is the phenol concentration at time t, C 0 is the concentration at t = 0, and R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol/K). This equation is valid for the ranges of T of 303 to 333 K, d of 767 to 1879 μm, and r of 0.0476 to 0.1666, and for the adsorption of phenol in aqueous solution with coconut shell charcoal in erlenmeyer agitated by using shaker bath. Keywords: Adsorption Kinetics, Phenol, Aqueous Solution, Coconut Shell Charcoal

Degradasi Substrat Volatile Solid pada Produksi Biogas dari Limbah Pembuatan Tahu dan Kotoran Sapi Budi Nininga Widarti,; Siti Syamsiah; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 6, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi merupakan bahan organik potensial untuk produksi biogas berdasarkan kandungan volatile solid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan volatil solid optimal dari campuran limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi dan untuk memperoleh parameter kinetika degradasi volatile solid untuk pembentukan biogas. Campuran dengan komposisi tertentu dimasukkan ke dalam digester. Untuk mencapai kondisi anaerob, gas N2 dialirkan ke dalam digester, kemudian digester ditutup rapat. Campuran diinkubasi di dalam water bath pada suhu 35oC selama 56 hari. Volume biogas dan pH diukur setiap hari. Metana, volatile fatty acid dan volatile solid dianalisis setiap 7 hari. Karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dalam slurry dianalisis tiga kali selama proses produksi biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan digester dengan kandungan volatile solid 12% menghasilkan yield biogas tertinggi yaitu sebesar 89,522 mL/g volatile solid dengan konsentrasi metana tertinggi 14,68%. Model kinetika degradasi volatile solid dapat didekati dengan model first order reaction. Kata kunci: Limbah pembuatan tahu, kotoran sapi, volatile solid, biogas Waste from tofu production and cow dung are potential organic materials for biogas production based on the content of volatile solid. This study aims to determine the optimal content of volatile solid in a mixture of tofu production waste-cow dung and to obtain the kinetic parameters of the degradation of volatile solid to form biogas. A mixture at certain composition is put into digester. To obtain anaerobic condition, N2 gas is flown into the digester, and then the digester is sealed. The mixture is incubated in a water bath at a temperature of 35oC for 56 days. Biogas volume and pH are measured every day. Methane, volatile fatty acids and volatile solid are analyzed every 7 days. Carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the slurry are analyzed three times during the production of biogas. The results showed that digester with 12% volatile solid produces the highest biogas yield of 89.522 mL/g volatile solid, with the highest methane concentration 14.68%. Kinetics model of degradation of volatile solid can be approached by a first order reaction model. Keyword: waste of tofu production, cow dung, volatile solid, biogas

Modifikasi Mekanisme Koufopanos pada Kinetika Reaksi Pirolisis Ampas Tebu (Bagasse) Emi Erawati; Wahyudi Budi Sediawan; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 7, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ampas tebu merupakan produk samping dari ekstraksi gula. Ampas tebu yang dihasilkan di pabrik gula sekitar 13% dari tebu yang digiling. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan energi aktivasi dan pre-exponential factor pada persamaan kinetika reaksi pirolisis ampas tebu. Pirolisis dilakukan dalam reaktor yang terbuat dari pipa besi jenis 5737 dengan diameter 7,62 cm dan panjang 37 cm. Reaktor ini dimasukkan ke dalam furnace yang berdiameter 15,24 cm dan panjang 40 cm. Seratus lima puluh gram ampas tebu dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor tanpa kehadiran oksigen pada tekanan atmosferis. Pirolisis dilakukan pada berbagai ukuran bahan, yakni: (-20+25), (-25+30), (-30+35), (-35+40), -40 mesh dengan kecepatan pemanasan bervariasi 100, 105, 115, dan 120 volt. Modifikasi mekanisme Koufopanos terdiri dari 4 tahap reaksi, yaitu: bahan baku bereaksi menjadi intermediate dan intermediate bereaksi menjadi gas, cair, dan padatan. Berdasarkan data eksperimen, diperoleh data parameter kinetika reaksi overall rata-rata E1, E2, E3, dan E4 masing-masing sebesar 8.750,48; 2.350,7;11.080,97; dan 6.625,49 J/mol, dengan pre-exponential factor yang bersesuaian A1, A2, A3, dan A4 sebesar 9,20x10-3; 2,13x10-2; 1,67; dan 2,31 detik pada variasi diameter partikel dan kecepatan pemanasan. Kata kunci: energi aktivasi, ampas tebu, mekanisme Koufopanos, pirolisis, kinetik. Bagasse is a side product of sugar cane extraction. A sugar factory produces bagasse of about 13% from the total cane milled. According to the data from BPPS (1999-2007) the total bagasse produced is about two million tons. The aim of this study is to determine the value of activation energy and pre-exponential factor of pyrolysis kinetics of sugar cane bagasse. Pyrolysis had been carried out in a reactor made of steel pipe type 5737 with a dimension of 7.62 cm dia and of 37 cm long.The reactor was inserted into a furnace with a diameter of 15.24 cm and a length of 40 cm. One hundred and fifty grams of bagasse had been added into the reactor without the presence of oxygen at atmospheric pressure. Pyrolysis had been carried out at the particle size of (-20+25) mesh, (-25+30) mesh, (-30+35) mesh, (-35+40) mesh, and -40 mesh and heating rate of 100, 105, 115, and 120 volt. Modification of Koufopanos mechanism described four reaction steps, namely the reaction to produce intermediate product and further reaction in which intermediate product converted into gas, bio-oil, and char product was the most appropriate reaction model. From the modified model the activation energy E1, E2, E3, and E4 was 8,750.48; 2,350.7 ; 11,080.97 ; and 6,625.49 J/mol, respectively, while the pre-exponential factor A1, A2, A3, and A4 was 9.20x10-3 ; 2.13x10-2 ; 1.67 ; and 2.31 second, respectively for various size particles and heating rates. Keywords: activation energy, bagasse, Koufopanos mechanism, pyrolysis, kinetic.

Pengaruh Penambahan Surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS) dalam Proses Pengendapan Nano Calcium Silicate (NCS) dari Geothermal Brine M Ridho Ulya; Indra Perdana; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 11, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

High concentration of dissolved silica in geothermal brine frequently causes operational problem in production of steam for electric generation. Mitigation of silica scaling is necessary to reduce the risk of steam production failure. In the present work, silicic acid in Dieng geothermal brine was reduced by introduction of calcium hydroxide that lead to formation of insoluble nano calcium silicates (NCS).The purpose of this work was to control size of the precipitated NCS by introducing surfactant sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) as surfactant in the Ca(OH)2 added geothermal brine. The effect of temperature (30, 50 and 70°C), pH (7, 8 and 9), and surfactant concentration (0.05, 0.15 and 0.30% (w/v)) on the particle size of the resulting NCS was studied to obtain the optimum operating condition. The precipitation-sedimentation behavior of the resulting particles was measured in a vertical tube. Having measured the solid density and solution density and viscosity, average diameter of the precipitated particles was determined using stoke’s principle. The calculated particle size was the compared with measurement result using particle size analyzer (PSA). The soluble silica concentration in the solution was measured using spectroscopy method while composition of the resulting solid particles was measured using EDX and FTIR. Experimental results showed that the dissolve silica in Dieng geothermal brine can be reduced and controlled with the addition of Ca(OH)2 and surfactant SLS. The greater the concentration of surfactant SLS, the smaller the resulting particle size. It was found that the formation of NCS particles was accompanied with precipitation of silica and salts. The optimum condition of NCS formation was at temperature 30°C and pH 9 while the concentration of surfactant SLS added to the brine was 0.3 % (w/v).ABSTRAKKonsentrasi yang tinggi dari kelarutan silika dalam larutan geothermal menyebabkan masalah dalam pengoperasian produksi uap di PLTP Dieng. Mitigasi silika scaling diperlukan untuk mengurangi resiko kegagalan produksi uap. Dalam penelitian ini, asam silika dalam larutan geothermal direaksikan dengan kalsium hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) membentuk n ano calcium silicate (NCS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membentuk endapan NCS dari surfaktan SLS dan Ca(OH)2 ke dalam larutan geothermal. Mempelajari perubahan suhu (30, 50 dan 70°C), pH (7, 8 dan 9), dan konsentrasi surfaktan (0,05, 0,15 and 0,30% (w/v) serta mengetahui kondisi optimum. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu pengendapan partikel yang dilakukan di gelas ukur vertical, densitas padatan, densitas larutan, viskositas, dan diameter rata-rata partikel yang mengendap ditentukan dari persamaan diameter stokes. Kemudian membandingkan hasil perhitungan dari diameter stokes dengan particle size analyzer (PSA). Konsentrasi silika yang terlarut dapat diukur dengan metode spectroscopy dan komposisi padatan di uji dengan instrumen EDX dan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa silika terlarut dalam larutan geothermal berkurang dan dapat dikontrol dengan penambahan Ca(OH)2 dan penambahan surfaktan SLS. Semakin besar konsentrasi surfaktan maka ukuran partikel akan semakin kecil. Pembentukan NCS dapat dihasilkan dan disertai juga dengan partikel silika dan garam. Kondisi optimum pembentukan NCS terjadi pada suhu 30 oC pH 9 dan konsentrasi surfaktan SLS 0,30 %w/v.

Kinetika Adsorpsi Nikel (II) dalam Larutan Aqueous dengan Karbon Aktif Arang Tempurung Kelapa Ardelita Adiningtyas; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 10, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

The adsorption kinetics of nickel (II) in aqueous solution with activated carbon from coconut shell was studied by measuring the nickel concentration in the solution (C) as a function of time (t). The parameters studied in this study were adsorption temperature (T), particle diameter of activated carbon (d), and mass ratio of activated carbon to aqueous solution (r). It was found that the adsorption rate increased with the increase of the adsorption temperature and the mass ratio of activated carbon to aqueous solution. On the contrary, it was found that the rate of adsorption decreased with increasing the particle diameter of the activated carbon. ABSTRAKKinetika adsorpsi larutan nikel (II) dalam air dengan karbon aktif tempurung kelapa dianalisis dengan mengukur konsentrasi nikel pada larutan sebagai fungsi waktu. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah suhu adsorpsi (T), diameter partikel karbon aktif tempurung kelapa (d), dan rasio massa karbon aktif tempurung kelapa dengan larutan nikel (II) dalam air (r). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju adsorpsi meningkat dengan bertambahnya suhu adsorpsi dan rasio massa karbon aktif tempurung kelapa dengan larutan. Sedangkan, laju adsorpsi menurun dengan bertambahnya ukuran diameter partikel karbon aktif tempurung kelapa.

Recovery Ion Hg2+ dari Limbah Cair Industri Penambangan Emas Rakyat dengan Metode Presipitasi Sulfida dan Hidroksida Ilma Fadlilah; Agus Prasetya; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Unlicensed gold mining activities using mercury (Hg) as a gold element binder is called the amalgamation process. Mercury is a heavy metal and categorized as toxic material. The use of mercury can potentially cause a pollution in environment, especially the aquatic system. For overcoming the heavy metals of mercury in liquid waste, it needs an alternative wastewater treatment method e.g. chemical precipitation. This study is aimed to recover Hg2+ ions from liquid wastes by using sulphide precipitation and hydroxide methods. This research studied the effect of pH on Hg2+ ions which is deposited in the precipitation process and evaluated the rate of Hg2+ precipitation formation. Precipitation was carried out by using sodium sulphide (Na2S) 0.3 M and Ca(OH)2 0.004 M as a precipitation agent with a rapid mixing speed for about 200 rpm for 3 minutes and continued with slow mixing for about 40 rpm for 30 minutes. Then, the liquid sample was left for 24 hours to precipitate. The results showed that precipitation method by using Na2S solution can decrease the content of Hg in HgCl2 synthetic waste. Optimum mass of HgS precipitate of 0.046 g was achieved at pH 9 with a removal efficiency percentage up to 99.81%. The rate of formation of HgS precipitate is 0.4mg/ hour. While, hydroxide precipitation method can decrease mercury level up to 90.11% at pH 12 and mass of Hg (OH)2 precipitate obtained is 0.28 g. However, the result of EDX analysis of the precipitate of Hg (OH)2 showed that the content of Hg precipitate is still low at 0.28 wt.%. A B S T R A KKegiatan penambangan emas rakyat tanpa izin (PETI) dengan menggunakan merkuri (Hg) sebagai pengikat unsur emas disebut proses amalgamasi. Merkuri merupakan logam berat yang bersifat racun. Penggunaan merkuri ini berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran di lingkungan sekitar, terutama lingkungan perairan. Untuk penanganan logam berat merkuri dalam limbah cair ini, maka diperlukan sebuah metode pengolahan limbah alternatif, yaitu metode presipitasi kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk me-recovery ion Hg2+ dari limbah cair dengan metode presipitasi sulfida dan hidroksida. Selain itu mempelajari pengaruh pH terhadap ion Hg2+ yang terendapkan dalam proses presipitasi dan mengetahui laju pembentukan endapan Hg. Presipitasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan natrium sulfida (Na2S) 0,3 M dan Ca(OH)2 0,004 M sebagai agen presipitan dengan pengadukan cepat 200 rpm selama 3 menit dan dilanjutkan dengan pengadukan lambat 40 rpm selama 30 menit. Larutan sampel didiamkan selama 24 jam untuk mengendapkan presipitat yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode presipitasi menggunakan larutan Na2S dapat menurunkan kadar Hg pada limbah sintetik HgCl2. Massa endapan HgS optimum sebesar 0,046 g larutan dicapai pada pH 9 dengan persentase efisiensi penyisihan hingga 99,81 %. Laju pembentukan endapan HgS diperoleh sebesar 0,4 mg/jam. Sedangkan metode presipitasi hidroksida dapat menurunkan kadar merkuri hingga 90,11% pada pH 12 dengan massa endapan Hg(OH)2 yang diperoleh adalah 0,28 g. Akan tetapi hasil analisis EDX endapan Hg(OH)2 memperlihatkan bahwa kandungan Hg dalam endapan tersebut masih sangat kecil yaitu sebesar 0,28%.

KINETIKA PENJERAPAN SIMULTAN KROMIUM(III) DAN NATRIUM MENGGUNAKAN AMBERLITE IR-120 H (TINJAUAN PENGARUH SUHU) Iqbal Haitami; Panut Mulyono; Muslikhin Hidayat
Konversi Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v7i2.6493

Abstrak - Limbah cair yang mengandung Cr(III) dan Na secara bersamaan sering dijumpai pada hasil kegiatan industri, terutama industri penyamakan kulit. Cr(III) yang merupakan logam berbahaya harus dapat dihilangkan dari limbah cair tersebut. Salah satu metode yang efektif digunakan untuk menangani pencemaran Cr(III) dalam limbah cair adalah pertukaran ion menggunakan resin penukar ion. Prinsip metode ini, yaitu menukarkan ion yang tersedia pada resin penukar ion dengan ion-ion yang berada di sekitarnya. Kehadiran Na dalam larutan tempat dijerapnya Cr(III) dengan menggunakan Amberlite IR-120 H, membuat fenomena ini tergolong sebagai penjerapan multikomponen. Dalam hal ini, penjerapan Cr(III) dan Na oleh Amberlite IR-120 H terjadi secara bersama-sama (simultan). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari laju penjerapan simultan yang terjadi pada berbagai suhu. Di samping itu, ingin dikembangkan model matematis untuk mendekati kinetika penjerapan simultan yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu, maka akan semakin besar laju penjerapan simultan Cr(III) dan Na. Kecenderungan yang sama ditunjukkan oleh nilai konstanta kinetika yang semakin besar seiring meningkatnya suhu. Model matematis yang disusun berdasarkan persamaan laju reaksi cukup sesuai untuk mendekati kinetika penjerapan simultan ini. Berdasarkan nilai energi aktivasi sebesar 56,735 kJ/mol untuk penjerapan Cr(III) yang terjadi, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa laju reaksi adalah laju yang mengontrol proses.Kata kunci: Kromium(III), penjerapan, kinetika, Amberlite IR-120 H, simultan

Degradasi Substrat Volatile Solid pada Produksi Biogas dari Limbah Pembuatan Tahu dan Kotoran Sapi Budi Nininga Widarti,; Siti Syamsiah; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 6, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.2452

Limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi merupakan bahan organik potensial untuk produksi biogas berdasarkan kandungan volatile solid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan volatil solid optimal dari campuran limbah pembuatan tahu dan kotoran sapi dan untuk memperoleh parameter kinetika degradasi volatile solid untuk pembentukan biogas. Campuran dengan komposisi tertentu dimasukkan ke dalam digester. Untuk mencapai kondisi anaerob, gas N2 dialirkan ke dalam digester, kemudian digester ditutup rapat. Campuran diinkubasi di dalam water bath pada suhu 35oC selama 56 hari. Volume biogas dan pH diukur setiap hari. Metana, volatile fatty acid dan volatile solid dianalisis setiap 7 hari. Karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dalam slurry dianalisis tiga kali selama proses produksi biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan digester dengan kandungan volatile solid 12% menghasilkan yield biogas tertinggi yaitu sebesar 89,522 mL/g volatile solid dengan konsentrasi metana tertinggi 14,68%. Model kinetika degradasi volatile solid dapat didekati dengan model first order reaction. Kata kunci: Limbah pembuatan tahu, kotoran sapi, volatile solid, biogas Waste from tofu production and cow dung are potential organic materials for biogas production based on the content of volatile solid. This study aims to determine the optimal content of volatile solid in a mixture of tofu production waste-cow dung and to obtain the kinetic parameters of the degradation of volatile solid to form biogas. A mixture at certain composition is put into digester. To obtain anaerobic condition, N2 gas is flown into the digester, and then the digester is sealed. The mixture is incubated in a water bath at a temperature of 35oC for 56 days. Biogas volume and pH are measured every day. Methane, volatile fatty acids and volatile solid are analyzed every 7 days. Carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the slurry are analyzed three times during the production of biogas. The results showed that digester with 12% volatile solid produces the highest biogas yield of 89.522 mL/g volatile solid, with the highest methane concentration 14.68%. Kinetics model of degradation of volatile solid can be approached by a first order reaction model. Keyword: waste of tofu production, cow dung, volatile solid, biogas

Modifikasi Mekanisme Koufopanos pada Kinetika Reaksi Pirolisis Ampas Tebu (Bagasse) Emi Erawati; Wahyudi Budi Sediawan; Panut Mulyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 7, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.4941

Ampas tebu merupakan produk samping dari ekstraksi gula. Ampas tebu yang dihasilkan di pabrik gula sekitar 13% dari tebu yang digiling. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan energi aktivasi dan pre-exponential factor pada persamaan kinetika reaksi pirolisis ampas tebu. Pirolisis dilakukan dalam reaktor yang terbuat dari pipa besi jenis 5737 dengan diameter 7,62 cm dan panjang 37 cm. Reaktor ini dimasukkan ke dalam furnace yang berdiameter 15,24 cm dan panjang 40 cm. Seratus lima puluh gram ampas tebu dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor tanpa kehadiran oksigen pada tekanan atmosferis. Pirolisis dilakukan pada berbagai ukuran bahan, yakni: (-20+25), (-25+30), (-30+35), (-35+40), -40 mesh dengan kecepatan pemanasan bervariasi 100, 105, 115, dan 120 volt. Modifikasi mekanisme Koufopanos terdiri dari 4 tahap reaksi, yaitu: bahan baku bereaksi menjadi intermediate dan intermediate bereaksi menjadi gas, cair, dan padatan. Berdasarkan data eksperimen, diperoleh data parameter kinetika reaksi overall rata-rata E1, E2, E3, dan E4 masing-masing sebesar 8.750,48; 2.350,7;11.080,97; dan 6.625,49 J/mol, dengan pre-exponential factor yang bersesuaian A1, A2, A3, dan A4 sebesar 9,20x10-3; 2,13x10-2; 1,67; dan 2,31 detik pada variasi diameter partikel dan kecepatan pemanasan. Kata kunci: energi aktivasi, ampas tebu, mekanisme Koufopanos, pirolisis, kinetik. Bagasse is a side product of sugar cane extraction. A sugar factory produces bagasse of about 13% from the total cane milled. According to the data from BPPS (1999-2007) the total bagasse produced is about two million tons. The aim of this study is to determine the value of activation energy and pre-exponential factor of pyrolysis kinetics of sugar cane bagasse. Pyrolysis had been carried out in a reactor made of steel pipe type 5737 with a dimension of 7.62 cm dia and of 37 cm long.The reactor was inserted into a furnace with a diameter of 15.24 cm and a length of 40 cm. One hundred and fifty grams of bagasse had been added into the reactor without the presence of oxygen at atmospheric pressure. Pyrolysis had been carried out at the particle size of (-20+25) mesh, (-25+30) mesh, (-30+35) mesh, (-35+40) mesh, and -40 mesh and heating rate of 100, 105, 115, and 120 volt. Modification of Koufopanos mechanism described four reaction steps, namely the reaction to produce intermediate product and further reaction in which intermediate product converted into gas, bio-oil, and char product was the most appropriate reaction model. From the modified model the activation energy E1, E2, E3, and E4 was 8,750.48; 2,350.7 ; 11,080.97 ; and 6,625.49 J/mol, respectively, while the pre-exponential factor A1, A2, A3, and A4 was 9.20x10-3 ; 2.13x10-2 ; 1.67 ; and 2.31 second, respectively for various size particles and heating rates. Keywords: activation energy, bagasse, Koufopanos mechanism, pyrolysis, kinetic.

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