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EPISTEMOLOGI FIQIH Nur, Iffatin
Research Collections Book Collections 2013
Publisher : Research Collections

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Abstract

Harf ‘Athf; berfungsi sebagai ta‘qîb dan perurutan peristiwa (atau tartîb).1        Ta‘qîb adalah lafal yang mengimplikasikan    terjadinya   sesauatu   menyusul   sesuatu yang lain tanpa dipisahkan  oleh rentang waktu. Namun hal itu bersifat relatif. Seperti misalnya seseorang berkata: ( ﺖﻠﺧد ﺔﻜﻤﻓ ﺮﺼﻣ); yang  harfiah dapat diartikan: Aku mendatangi Mesir,  kemudian  Mekkah);  maka  tidak  dipisahkannya rentang  waktu  antara  peristiwa  pertama  dan  kedua,  tentu amat   tergantung   pada   kondisi   dan   situasi   tertentu.???? Berbeda dengan ketika kita mengatakan:(وﺮﻤﻌﻓ ﺪﯾز ءﺎﺟ); atau Zaid datang kemudian ‘Amru.( ﻢﺋﺎﻗ وﺮﻤﻌﻓ ﺪﯾز مﺎﻗ نإ ) ( وﺮﻤﻋ مﻮﻘﯾ ﺪﯾز مﺎﻗ نإ ) ( وﺮﻤﻋ مﺎﻗ ﺪﯾز مﺎﻗ نإ )( ﺐھﺄﺘﻓ ءﺎﺘﺸﻟا ءﺎﺟ ) ( ﺮﺣ ﺖﻧﺄﻓ لﺎﻔﻟأ ﻲﻟ دأ , ثﻮﻔﻟا كﺎﺗأ ﺪﻘﻓ ﺮﺸﺑأ ) ( ﺮﺣ ﺖﻧﺄﻓ )( ﻦﻣا ﺖﻧﺄﻓ لﺰﻧا )( ىﻮﻘﺘﻟا داﺰﻟا ﺮﯿﺧ نﺈﻓ اودو ﺰﺗو )
MENELUSURI JEJAK MAQASHID SYARI’AH DALAM ISTINBATH HUKUM IMAM HAMBALI Muttaqin, Muhammad Ngizzul; Nur, Iffatin
Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : IAIN Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (864.444 KB) | DOI: 10.21274/ahkam.2019.7.1.143-168

Abstract

ABSTRACTTheoretically, Maqashid Shari’ah puts forward the concepts, objectives and adaptability of Islamic law from philosophical-ideological characteristic to an actual-empirical one. The problems discussed in maqashid shari'ah are always interesting and debatable to Muslim scholars as well as comman people. Therefore, reviewing and tracing the footsteps of maqashid syari’ah in Imam Hambali’s legal method of istimbath has a strategic value in honing intellectual acuity as well as making it as a parameter in formulating new laws on various increasingly complicated and crucial contemporary issues faced by Muslims. In tracing the footsteps of maqashid shari’ah employing Sad Dzari’ah, which is the Hambali’s legal method of istimbath, it appears that flexibility, and dynamism of Islamic law rests on purposefulness (maqashid) as the essence of the law itself.Keywords: Imam Hambali, Islamic law, IstinbathMethod, Maqashid Syari’ah, Sad Dzari’ah
Perempuan dan Media Massa Nur, Iffatin
Musawa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Vol. 5 No. 4 (2007)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & The Asia Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/musawa.2007.54.559-577

Abstract

The role of mass media is not only providing information to the public to fulfill their 'right to know' and 'right to expression', but also leading the creation of societies' images, myths, behavior, knowledge, even ideologies. Mass media produce new realities through texts, define facts or reality which amongst the semiotics such process is called creating the second reality from the first reality by the media. The media have created new realities in which men are portrayed as superior and engaging in all public spheres, whereas women are visualized as the weak. The production of mass media is also closely related to capitalist system of economy, which sometimes requires certain to become the victims; and women have been the victims in this capitalist system.
KAJIAN KRITIS HUKUM PERTANAHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIKIH Nur, Iffatin
Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : IAIN Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21274/ahkam.2014.2.1.147-177

Abstract

Conflicts of land had happened long time ago and commonlyinvolved ulama to mediate the conflict. This fact led to thedevelopment of the science of Islamic law (Fikih). As a science,fikih is expected to provide theoretical basis for solving problemsrelated to land ownership. Besides, it also provides theologicalbasis to help solving problems of land from the perspective ofreligion.Kata kunci: Hukum Pertanahan, Fikih
IMPLEMENTASI AKAD MUSYARAKAH MUNTAHIYAH BI AL-TAMLIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH Fuad, A. Zaky; Nur, Iffatin
Ar-Risalah: Media Keislaman, Pendidikan dan Hukum Islam Vol 19 No 2 (2021): (Oktober 2021)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ibrahimy Genteng Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29062/arrisalah.v19i2.733

Abstract

The purpose of writing this article is to find out what the musyarakah muntahiyah bi al-tamlik contract is and how to implement it. Broadly speaking, this contract consists of two keywords, namely musyarakah and tamlik (ownership), which means that this contract is a contract that is carried out is a collaboration between two or more people who promise that at the end of the period it will end with ownership of capital or assets by one. one party in full. The implementation of this contract is carried out by making a syirkah contract first then the second contract can use a sale and purchase contract, a grant or other contract that is justified according to sharia, this is done to avoid the occurrence of multiple contracts in one transaction which usually will lead to the occurrence of gharar. This research is a normative study with a conceptual approach, namely the discussion of the musyarakah muntahiyah bi al-tamlik contract. The extraction of legal materials is carried out through literature studies related to the study of maqashid al-sharia and maslahah both classical and contemporary literature. In determining Islamic law, it often uses maqashid al-sharia which consists of five components, namely maintaining religion (hifdz al-din), guarding the soul (hifdz al-nafs), maintaining reason (hifdz al-'aql), maintaining descent (hifdz al -nasl) and safeguarding property (hifdz al-maal), so that in this transaction no party feels burdened because in the practice of the Islamic home ownership cooperation, they can occupy the house first and make repayments at the end of the contract period so that later the house will become the property. syarik as a whole.
HAK CUTI HAID, HAMIL, DAN MELAHIRKAN PEKERJA PEREMPUAN DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN OMNIBUS LAW CIPTA KERJA PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARI’AH IBNU ASHUR Anusantari, Inama Ma; Nur, Iffatin
Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 9 No 2 (2021): NOVEMBER 2021
Publisher : IAIN Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21274/ahkam.2021.9.2.247-268

Abstract

Omnibus Law on Cipta Kerja has received a variety of strong reactions from various activists and womens’ advocacy institutions. They claim that the articles on the right to leave menstruation, pregnancy, miscarriages and childbirth for women workers have been abolished of the Omnibus Law on Employment Law. Whereas before the leave rights for women workers in certain circumstances have been neatly codified in the Manpower Act. Even though the Minister of Manpower has denied this, the absence of leave rights for women workers in certain circumstances in the Omnibus Law on Employment Copyright will provide the potential for violation of leave rights for women workers. This paper uses the theory of maqashid sharia Ibn ‘Ashur as material to study the potential violation of leave rights for women workers in certain circumstances. The reason for choosing Ibn ‘Ashur theory is because of this moderate and progressive mind. This paper uses the literature method with data sources in the form of written documents, namely accredited journals, books and online articles on the theme of writing. The results showed the potential violation of leave rights for women workers in certain circumstances in terms of the sharia maqashid Ibn ‘Ashur is very large. And this does not reflect the purpose of the shariah maqashid which is to safeguard religion, reason, soul, descent and wealth.
Maqāṣid Sharī'ah Flexibility to Overcome COVID-19 in Indonesia: From Government Policies to Fatwā of Council of Indonesian Ulema (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah Mashuri, Mashuri; Nur, Iffatin; Muttaqin, Muhammad Ngizzul
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 13, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v13i2.13280

Abstract

Abstract: Since its first appearance in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 has become a worldwide concern, and now its impact as a pandemic has been felt globally. The number of cases, the death tolls, the steps that each country’s government must take, and the activities of social life that must be practiced by all people, among others, are interesting phenomena to study. This paper tries to examine from the Islamic perspective, regulations issued by the Indonesian Government and edicts issued by religious institutions and organizations in Indonesia, especially of the Indonesian Council of Ulema (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. This study is qualitative research with a discourse analysis that discusses the legal-socio-contextual aspects of the rules and fatwās/edicts with the maqāṣid sharī'ah (purposefulness of Islamic law) approach. The results show that the regulations and edicts are in accordance with fundamental values in the discourse of obtaining the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid sharī’ah), and the necessity to preserve one’s soul is prioritized over preserving one’s religion since practicing religious teachings can only be conducted whenever one’s soul is preserved.Keywords: Pandemic; COVID-19; Fatwā; Indonesian Regulation; Maqāṣid Sharī'ah. Abstrak: Sejak pertama kali muncul di Wuhan, China, COVID-19 telah menjadi perhatian dunia dan kini dampaknya sebagai pandemi sudah terasa secara global. Banyaknya kasus, jumlah korban meninggal, langkah-langkah yang harus diambil oleh pemerintah masing-masing negara, dan aktivitas kehidupan sosial yang harus dilakukan oleh semua orang menjadi fenomena yang menarik untuk dikaji. Tulisan ini mencoba mengkaji, dari perspektif Islam, peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dan fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh lembaga dan organisasi keagamaan di Indonesia, khususnya Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), dan Muhammadiyah, dalam menyikapi mewabahnya COVID-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis wacana yang membahas aspek legal-sosio-kontekstual terhadap aturan dan fatwa dengan pendekatan maqāṣid syari'ah (tujuan hukum Islam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan dan fatwa tersebut sesuai dengan nilai-nilai fundamental dalam wacana pencapaian tujuan hukum Islam (maqāṣid syari'ah) dan keharusan memelihara jiwa lebih diutamakan daripada memelihara agama karena mengamalkan ajaran agama hanya dapat dilakukan manakala jiwa seseorang terpelihara.Kata Kunci: Pandemi; COVID-19; Fatwa; Peraturan Indonesia; Maqāṣid Sharī'ah.
Maqāṣid Al-Sharī‘at: The Main Reference and Ethical-Spiritual Foundation for the Dynamization Process of Islamic Law Iffatin Nur; Syahrul Adam; M. Ngizzul Muttaqien
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v20i2.18333

Abstract

The two primary and significant roles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘at worth studying are directive and defensive systems. The directive system, for instance, puts the maqāṣid al-sharī‘at as the main reference for any reformation or changing processes and dynamization of the Islamic law, whereas the latter places it as the supreme principle of morality that provides the foundation and ethical-spiritual power for Muslim Societies when they interact with the law. With these two roles, the maqāṣid al-sharī‘at can serve as a driving force to create future changes towards a more constructive and humanistic society. This study is library research which examines the maqāṣid al-sharī‘at from the time of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him) to this very day. It aims at elaborating the position of maqāṣid al-sharī‘at as the primary reference and ethical-spiritual foundation for the dynamization process of Islamic law in dealing with contemporary issues. It also examines the concept of maqāṣid al-sharī‘at and analyzes the flexibility, adaptability, and dynamic of Islamic law. In addition, it is intended to open the mind of those who claim that Islamic law is so immutable, doctrinal, eternal, and final. This means that Islamic law is assumed to be inadaptable to various forms of social changes and modernization.     AbstrakPeran paling utama dan penting maqāṣid al-sharī‘at yang patut dipelajari adalah sistem direktif dan pertahanan. Sistem direktif, misalnya, menempatkan maqāṣid al-sharī‘at sebagai rujukan utama untuk setiap reformasi atau proses perubahan dan dinamisasi hukum Islam, sedangkan yang terakhir menempatkannya sebagai prinsip moralitas tertinggi yang memberikan landasan dan kekuatan etis-spiritual untuk masyarakat Muslim ketika mereka berinteraksi dengan hukum. Dengan dua peran tersebut, maqāṣid al-sharī‘at dapat menjadi pendorong perubahan masa depan menuju masyarakat yang lebih konstruktif dan humanistik. Penelitian pustaka ini meneliti maqāṣid al-sharī‘at dari masa Nabi Muhammad Saw. hingga hari ini. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan posisi maqāṣid al-sharī‘at sebagai acuan utama dan landasan etis-spiritual bagi dinamisasi proses hukum Islam dalam menghadapi persoalan kontemporer. Ini juga mengkaji konsep maqāṣid al-sharī‘at dan menganalisis fleksibilitas, kemampuan beradaptasi, dan dinamika hukum Islam. Selain itu, dimaksudkan untuk membuka pikiran mereka yang menyatakan bahwa hukum Islam begitu lestari, doktrinal, abadi, dan final sehingga dianggap tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan berbagai bentuk perubahan sosial dan modernisasi yang membawa banyak isu kekinian.
Islamic Law on Gender Based Sexual Violence Iffatin Nur
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i1.951

Abstract

Abstrak: Hukum Islam tentang Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan Berbasis Jender. Dalam pandangan hukum Islam, kekerasan seksual berbasis gender dikenal dengan istilah “al-intihā’ ‘ala ḥurmah al-nisā’ or al-waṭ’ bi al-ikrāh”. Di bidang hukum pidana Islam, ada tiga jenis hukuman terhadap kejahatan, yaitu: qiṣāṣ, ḥudūd, dan ta‘zīr (takzir). Qiṣāṣ adalah hukuman yang setara dengan kejahatan yang dilakukan, termasuk pembunuhan, melukai, atau serangan yang disengaja. Ḥudūd mengacu pada hukuman terhadap kejahatan spesifik sebagaimana terdapat dalam Alquran dan Sunah. Termasuk dalam kategori ini perzinaan, menuduh seseorang melakukan zina, mencuri, ḥirābah, dan tindakan memberontak terhadap Pemerintahan islami dan sah. Sedangkan takzir adalah jenis hukuman terhadap kejahatan lain yang diputuskan oleh hakim Muslim. Kejahatan seksual yang berbasis gender dalam artikel ini dapat digolongkan dalam tiga bentuk yaitu: perzinaan yang dipaksakan, serangan terhadap qiṣāṣ, dan prostitusi yang dipaksakan.Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, kekerasan seksual, genderAbstract: Islamic Law on Gender Based Sexual Violence. In the view of islamic law, gender based sexual violence is known by the term “al-intihā’ ‘ala ḥurmah al-nisā’ or al-waṭ’ bi al-ikrāh”. In the area of Islamic criminal law, there are three types of punishment toward crimes. They are: qiṣāṣ, ḥudūd, and ta‘zīr. Qiṣāṣ is a short punishment equal to the crimes committed including murder, wounding or intentional attacks. Ḥudūd refers to punishment toward some spesific crimes that have been explained by god through revelation. Kind of crimes and their corresponding form of punishment were disceibed in the holy Quran and the prophet Muhammad’s traditions. Including in this kategory is adultery, accusing some one to commit addultery, stealing, ḥirābah, and organising rebellious actions againts an islamically legal and good government. Whereas ta‘zīr is a type of punishment toward other crimes where its forms are left to consideration and decision of Muslim judges. Gender based sexual violence in this article can take three forms of crim which is a forced adultery, an assault in qiṣāṣ, and a forced prostitution.Keywords: Islamic law, sexual violence, gender
An Elaborative Study on The Perception and Prevention of The East Javas PTKIN Students About Proxy War Iffatin Nur; Munarji Munarji
Al-Ulum Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Al-Ulum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1307.803 KB) | DOI: 10.30603/au.v18i1.316

Abstract

As a new form of warfare, proxy war does not require arm contacts to invade a country. Through conspiracy, propaganda and the establishment, a country may be ravaged by other more powerful countries. As a developing country with abundant natural and human resources, Indonesia becomes an easy target for super power countries to launch their proxy wars. Therefore anticipatory measures to stem the dangers of a proxy war are needed. This study used a qualitative approach through interviews. The conclusions of this study are: (1) the perceptions ofthe East Java’s PTKIN students on the issue of proxy war. First, in terms of its notion, there are four perceptions about proxy war. Two of them do not have compatibility with the theory of proxy war. Second, the perception of the dangers of proxy war in which there are two perceptions: 1) that the proxy war is absolutely very dangerous and 2) that it cannot be justified simply to be dangerous or not before its victims arise. Third, in the constellation of proxy war, Indonesia has been for a long time in its vortex as Indonesia is a country with abundant natural and human resources.