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All Journal Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial SIASAT Journal Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal) Rowter Journal Matondang Journal Economit Journal Polit Journal LingLit Journal Lakhomi Journal
Muhammad Ridwan
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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The Theatrics of Religious Gymnastic in White Garment Church; Wole Soyinka’s The Trials of Brother Jero’s Performance as Directed by Ade Adeseke in Focus Josiah Adewale Apalowo; Muhammad Ridwan
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/linglit.v6i2.1354

Abstract

Religion in Africa functions not only as a system of spiritual beliefs but also as a cultural performance deeply embedded in social practices. In many African Indigenous churches, particularly the white garment churches—religious expression frequently transcends conventional worship through stylised bodily movements, choreographed dances, and the incorporation of secular songs. While these practices are captivating and energising, they often lack explicit spiritual significance and instead serve to entertain, unify congregants, and cultivate a shared religious identity. This study critically examines Ade Adeseke’s stage direction of Wole Soyinka’s The Trials of Brother Jero as a lens through which to explore the performative dynamics of religious expression within these church contexts. By employing performance theory as its analytical framework, the study interrogates the intersection of theatricality and spirituality, revealing how certain churches employ spectacle and performative strategies not solely for worship but as mechanisms of attraction, inclusion, and socio-cultural resonance. The research adopts a qualitative methodology, with data gathered through content analysis of both the dramatic text and relevant performance recordings. Findings suggest that Adeseke’s rendition of Soyinka’s satire offers a compelling critique of how performance can be manipulated to simulate divine presence, blur the lines between the sacred and the secular, and reinforce systems of power and deception within religious spaces. Ultimately, the study concludes that such performative elements, while engaging, often compromise the authenticity of spiritual experience, thereby transforming worship into theatrical display.
The Hidden Ontology of Language: A Structuralism Resolution to the Measurement Problem in Quantum Mechanics Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan; Ramlan
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 6 No 3 (2025): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/linglit.v6i3.1437

Abstract

The quantum measurement problem continues to challenge classical ontological assumptions embedded in scientific discourse. Substantialist interpretations presume independent entities bearing definite properties, while instrumentalist approaches reduce quantum theory to predictive formalism, both retaining subject-predicate grammar that imposes classical categories onto quantum phenomena. Recent relational interpretations argue that quantum mechanics demands a fundamentally different descriptive mode, one that privileges interdependence and syntactic structure over Substantialist predication. This study explores the linguistic dimensions of quantum entanglement and measurement, drawing on the relational framework to demonstrate how entanglement manifests as a single grammatical structure rather than a causal connection between independent substances. Using QuTiP simulations, we visualized maximally entangled Bell states, reduced density matrices on Bloch spheres, Wigner functions of cat states, Fock distributions, and projective measurement statistics. Nested observer scenarios (Wigner’s friend) were modeled to contrast definite first-person reports with unitary third-person descriptions. Linguistic analysis drew on Saussurean semiotics and contemporary philosophy of physics to interpret visual results. Findings: Reduced density matrices of entangled subsystems are maximally mixed, showing no local definite properties, visualized as vanishing Bloch vectors. Wigner functions and Fock distributions exhibit non-classical interference, while joint measurements reveal perfect correlations as syntactic unfolding rather than causal influence. Wigner’s friend simulations confirm the Friend always experiences definite outcomes, whereas Wigner’s unitary view sustains superposed predication, exposing irreconcilable descriptive frames. Quantum phenomena resist classical subject-predicate grammar; entanglement and superposition embody relational, non-substantial structures whose correlations reflect pre-existing grammatical interdependence within the quantum langue, not mysterious action-at-a-distance. Recommendation: Future interpretations should prioritize relational ontologies that dispense with substantialist premises and develop formal languages capable of expressing quantum interdependence without smuggling classical predication. Empirical tests of relational predictions and interdisciplinary work bridging quantum foundations and semiotics are strongly encouraged.
Lexical and Semantic Variations in Digital Communication among Adolescents: A Case Study of TikTok Comments Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 6 No 3 (2025): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

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Abstract

Social media platforms, particularly TikTok, have become primary arenas for linguistic experimentation among adolescents, yet systematic analyses of how platform-specific affordances shape lexical and semantic innovation remains limited. This study investigated lexical and semantic variations in adolescent digital communication on TikTok, addressing three research questions concerning the types of lexical innovations, processes of semantic change, and the role of platform affordances in shaping language evolution. Methods: A mixed-methods design integrated quantitative corpus linguistics with qualitative discourse analysis. A corpus of 2,848 TikTok comments was compiled across four major trends (September–December 2024). Lexical analysis identified neologisms, graphical variations, and acronyms; semantic analysis documented broadening, narrowing, metaphoric extension, and pejoration/amelioration; platform affordances analysis examined meme-driven language and intertextual policing. Analysis revealed 15 lexical innovations with 63 occurrences across semantic categories. Neologisms (fr, bestie, delulu) and graphical variations (tryna, cuz, ion) served dual functions of efficiency and identity performance. Semantic shifts included ameliorative broadening (slay, fire), pejoration (basic, cringe), metaphoric extension (era, main character), and reclamatory usage (ghetto). Platform analysis identified 11 meme-driven phrases generating 2,848 occurrences with near-neutral sentiment, and 347 policing instances (12.2%) concentrated during rising and peak trend phases, demonstrating active semantic negotiation through definition, debate, and correction. TikTok functions as an accelerated laboratory for language change where adolescents deploy multiple mechanisms of linguistic innovation simultaneously. Platform affordances fundamentally reshape traditional sociolinguistic processes, with intertextual policing serving as the mechanism by which communities enforce emerging semantic norms. The findings extend communities of practice frameworks to algorithmically-mediated digital environments. Educators should recognize digital language as systematic innovation; lexicographers should develop protocols for documenting ephemeral platform-specific terms; platform designers should account for in-group reclamation practices; and researchers should prioritize cross-platform longitudinal studies to track whether observed innovations represent enduring change or age-graded phenomena.
Face, Power, and Digital Discourse: A Pragmatic Analysis of Politeness in Asynchronous Student-Lecturer Exchanges Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature Vol 6 No 3 (2025): Linglit Journal: Scientific Journal of Linguistics and Literature, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

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Abstract

The rapid digitization of higher education has transformed student-lecturer communication, with asynchronous platforms becoming primary sites of academic interaction. However, the pragmatic dimensions of these exchanges, particularly how face and power are negotiated through politeness strategies, remain underexplored in digital contexts. This study investigates how students and lecturers manage face and negotiate power through politeness strategies in asynchronous digital exchanges, examining strategy selection across participant roles and communicative purposes. Employing a qualitative interpretive paradigm with computer-mediated discourse analysis (Herring, 2004), we analyzed 1,847 asynchronous exchanges from Blackboard Learn at Dire Dawa University, Ethiopia. Participants included 16 lecturers and 275 students across Business, Engineering, and Social Sciences. Data were coded deductively using Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness framework and inductively for emergent digital-specific patterns. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and odds ratios. Significant asymmetries characterized strategy selection: students predominantly employed deferential strategies (negative politeness: 36.8%; off-record: 19.1%), while lecturers favored bald on-record strategies (41.2%). Request sequences showed extensive student mitigation (hedging: 82.3%; apologetic framing: 58.7%) versus lecturer directness (bald on-record: 52.8%). Feedback followed a "sandwich structure" (opening positive: 78.5%; closing positive: 72.8%). Time-sensitive contexts reduced mitigation by 58%, temporarily overriding power norms. Resistance patterns revealed student agency through polite pushback (26.3%) and justified disagreement (19.8%), with lecturers responding accommodatively (explanation: 25.1%; compromise: 22.0%). Repair sequences showed role-dependent preferences: student-initiated apology (92.5% success) and lecturer-initiated explanation (87.3% success). Asynchronous digital discourse both reproduces institutional power asymmetries and enables novel forms of negotiation through platform-specific affordances. Effective face-work requires strategy-role alignment, with digital mediation transforming traditional politeness practices. Universities should develop communication guidelines acknowledging power asymmetries, provide faculty training on feedback structures and accommodative responses, and offer student orientation on pragmatic norms. Platform designers should incorporate features supporting face-work in asynchronous academic discourse.
Exploring the Mystique of Seven: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Its Significance in Astronomy, Culture, and Human Life Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, March
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i1.1028

Abstract

Seven is significant in many spheres of human cognition, culture, and science; it captivates the imagination and has deep symbolic meaning in many cultures and historical periods. This study traced the significance of the number seven in religious traditions, cultural behaviors, and scientific occurrences to examine the multidimensional nature of this number. Seven is a hallowed number in religious contexts, signifying spiritual fulfillment, divine wholeness, and perfection. The number seven is found in many religious stories and rites, representing cosmic harmony and divine order. It includes the seven days of creation in Judeo-Christian texts and the seven heavens in Islamic cosmology. It indicates cyclicality, renewal, and transition and can be found in mythology, folklore, and other cultural expressions. The number seven enhances human expression and creativity in literature, music, and the art of narrative structure, artistic composition, and aesthetic beauty. Seven appears throughout astronomical events, mathematical formulas, and natural cycles, exposing patterns and structures that control the universe through scientific investigation. The number seven highlights the mathematical beauty and complexity of the natural world. It includes the seven hues of the rainbow and the seven musical notes in the diatonic scale. This study emphasized how numerical symbolism in human culture and civilization continues to be fascinating and resonate by examining the significance of seven throughout religious, cultural, and scientific areas. Our understanding of numbers that affect our perceptions, beliefs, and experiences is deepened via interdisciplinary research and discussion, which inspires us to consider the mysteries of existence and the interconnectedness of all things.
Earth: The Nexus of Science, Spirituality, and Societal Strife Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, March
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i1.1074

Abstract

Earth serves as a hub for the convergence of science, spirituality, and social dynamics, which shapes our knowledge of the planet and its future. We look at how these aspects are related and what that means for sustainability and environmental stewardship in this multidisciplinary investigation. We reveal the intricate relationship between human activity and the Earth's ecosystems, underscoring the pressing need for comprehensive solutions. We base our findings on scientific research, spiritual beliefs, and societal viewpoints. Collaboration across all fields and businesses is necessary to address the issues facing our planet, which include plastic pollution in our oceans, deforestation, and climate change. Advocating for legislative changes, fostering interfaith understanding, advancing environmental education, and supporting sustainable development efforts, can empower individuals and groups to confront environmental challenges and build a more resilient and peaceful connection with the planet.
Audience Perception of the Elderly in Nollywood Films Subulola Etimiri; Omotola Ogunbola; Omolara Akin-Odukoya; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, March
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i1.1076

Abstract

This study is an assessment of Audience Perception of the Elderly in Nollywood Films. The general objective of this study is to examine how Nollywood Films affect how people see the elderly in society. The study examines how film perpetuates age stereotypes among the elderly. Some of the determined objectives are to examine how movie representation of the elderly shapes audience perception of old people in Nigeria. Data for this study was obtained through content analysis, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. Screen Theory and Reflection Projection Theory were the theories used for this project. Content analysis was carried out on four films: Maami, October 1, Kasanova, and Ayelujara. An in-depth interview was conducted with two lecturers at Caleb University, Imota, Lagos, and questionnaires were distributed to 84 students of the school. This research work established that the portrayal of the elderly in Nollywood films has succeeded in influencing how viewers perceive the elderly. It also established that Nollywood Films have a significant influence on the audience's perception of the elderly and film as a medium is very vital and goes beyond merely seeing it as entertainment such as creating mindset, opinions, culture and life in general.
Exploring the Mysteries of Shooting Stars: From Cosmic Phenomenon to Cultural Significance Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i2.1173

Abstract

We investigate the intriguing phenomenon of shooting stars, looking at how they behave at greater altitudes and how they eventually disintegrate. Shooting stars fly through the atmosphere and change, shedding mass as they ignite and become thermal energy. This process ends with their disappearance, having traveled around 45.34 kilometers. We examine their journey using displacement vectors and find a pattern that may be expressed as r=33.5i−15.0j. In addition, the study of the probability distribution of broken mass, providing insights into the complex dynamics of meteorites. The results show that meteorites can be classified into some groups, including L to L5, L6, and H to H4, H6, and CM2. These groups have different compositions and percentages. Notably, our study finds that failed meteorites are more common in equatorial locations, indicating the presence of underlying environmental influences. Our data reveals notable variations in meteorite classifications through time when looking at temporal trends. Peak events of some classes, like H, L, and LL, align with particular periods, providing information about the temporal dynamics of astronomical phenomena. Because historical accounts frequently conflate celestial phenomena with cultural and religious beliefs, these data raise questions about how culture and religion impact our understanding of these cosmic events. Our study highlights the multifaceted character of celestial occurrences by fusing scientific investigation with cultural and religious viewpoints. This encourages more research at the nexus of science, culture, and spirituality.
The Red Moon and Beyond: Astronomical Events in the Context of Global Faith and Culture Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i2.1175

Abstract

This study uses a linear regression model to predict lunar eclipses (red moons) from 2025 to 2050 by integrating scientific, religious, and cultural viewpoints. According to science, the reddish-hued moon during a lunar eclipse is caused by Rayleigh scattering, which happens when Earth's atmosphere blocks off shorter wavelengths. Red moons are associated with eschatological signals in many religious traditions, such as Christianity and Islam. However, in some civilizations, such as Ethiopian, Egyptian, and Jewish, the red moon has important spiritual and cultural significance. The forecasting model employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression based on past lunar eclipse data. With an R-squared value of 0.999 and an adjusted R-squared of 0.999, the model produced a precise fit that showed almost perfect agreement between the observed and anticipated eclipse timings. The significance of the model is validated by the F-statistic of 24,800 and the p-value of 1.49e-41. With a t-value of 157.48 and a p-value of 0.000, the slope coefficient of 359.9 days per year closely matches the established lunar cycle, demonstrating the cycle's statistical significance. The Durbin-Watson statistic (1.704), one of the diagnostic tests, shows no evidence of considerable autocorrelation. Culturally speaking, lunar eclipses have been interpreted as prophecies or occasions for rites in countries like Ethiopia and Egypt and among Arab and Jewish populations. The model's predictive power for eclipses in the future provides important information for scientific and cultural purposes.
Dominance of short form videos: Cross-age analysis of TikTok’s influence Aliyah Balogun-Ibijunle; Omotola Ogunbola; Ololade Olatunji; Aduloju Doyinsola; Omolara Akin-Odukoya; Sylvester Ojenagbon; Muhammad Ridwan
Lakhomi Journal Scientific Journal of Culture Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Lakhomi Journal : Scientific Journal of Culture, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/lakhomi.v5i2.1177

Abstract

Social media platforms have evolved rapidly, transitioning to facilitate new modes of content consumption. Short-form videos have emerged as a dominant format, epitomized by TikTok's widespread success. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive cross-age examination of TikTok's influence through the dominance of short videos. Qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews were employed to collect primary data from participants of varying ages. Specific objectives involve investigating usage patterns, perceived influences on behaviour and attitudes, potential benefits and drawbacks. The findings indicate diverse yet creative engagement across age groups. Younger users’ demonstrated constant usage yet faced content restrictions, while older participants leveraged TikTok professionally. Educational and skills-based advantages coexisted with algorithmic unpredictability challenges. TikTok addressed brief attention spans yet privacy concerns require addressing. Thematic analysis revealed patterns like nighttime relaxation usage. Educational and motivational content stimulated learning. Professional development through modeling, photography showcasing emerged. Creativity, expression and skills growth represented positive influences versus unpredictable visibility frustrations. TikTok reshaped consumption habits yet privacy integration oversight remained. This study contributes a contextualized understanding of TikTok's multi-faceted impacts. It presents a balanced perspective appreciating opportunities and challenges to harness social technologies productively.
Co-Authors Abdurahman Adisaputera Abraham Edeh Adebogun Babatunde Olayinka Aduloju Doyinsola Akhimien Emmanuel Alice Blessing Ogundiya Alikor Queen Nneka Aliyah Balogun-Ibijunle Amaka Yvonne Okafor Ambwa Lokula Junior Amédée Gbatea Kundana Amédée Kundana Gbatea Ange Thijenira Loketo Arifulhak Aceh Armand Endowa Doikasiye Aurel Vlad Aymard Papy Bembiade Babatunde Covenant Olugbenga Barsha Biswal Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Journal Bembi Bosso Benjamin Zoawe Gbolo Benjamin Zoawe Gbolo Bikila Merga Deresa Bikram Biswas Bondombe Gorges-Willy Bright Kelechi Uzoji Briki C. Kakesa Charles K. Moywaywa Clarisse Falanga Mawi Colette Masengo Ashande Colette Masengo Ashande Damas Boboy Manzongo Damien Sha Tshibey Tshibangu Deborah Adedeji Dike Harcourt White Dorothée Tshilanda Dinangayi Duol Dak Maluel Ekpali Joseph Saint Eliane Griep Gomes Bitencourt Emmanuel Blessing Oyiza Emmanuel Kitete Mulongo Emmanuel Moke Lengbiye Eric Msughter Aondover Eser Demir Falguni Roy Ferdi T. Güçyetmez Florin Skutnik Francis Mosala Gabriel Lola Oriloye Gédéon Ngiala Bongo Gédéon Ngiala Bongo Godfrey Alinaitwe Hadiza Abubakar Ahmad Hauwa Kawo Mohammed Hossein Shahri Ibrahim Abdulkadir Idikodingo Anzinzoniwa Faustin Jacqueline Kangu Kobe Jacquie Kangu Kobe Jammy Seigha Guanah Javaid Ahmad Andrabi JB Zanyako Bosanza Jeff Iteku Bekomo John Likolo Baya Jonas Mbaya Kusagba Jonas Nagahuedi Mbongu Sodi Josiah Adewale Apalowo Josiah Adewale Apalowo Joy Collins-Dike JP Mokombe Magbukudua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Lettiah Gumbo Litucha Bakokola Joseph Loveth Okowa-Nwaebi M. Yoserizal Saragih Majeed Mohamed Fareed Majeed Marcus Garvey ORJI Marcus Garvey Orji Mark Angelo C. Reotutar Masengo Ashande Colette Masens Da-Musa Y.B. Mauricio Bueno da Rosa Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Mihai Pichler Modeste Ndaba Modeawi Modeste Ndaba Modeawi Moein Mirani Ahangar Kolaei Mohammad Nur Ullah Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi Molongo Mokondande Médard Molongo Mokondande Médard Monde-Te-Kazangba Godefroid Monye I. Florence Mostafa Toranji Muhammad Danjuma Abubakar Navaneeta Rath Ngalakpa Héritier Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Jean-Paul Njoku C. Justice Norie T. Tactay Nweke Pearl Iheoma Obodoeze Chekwube Josephine Ojetola Adetola Afolabi Oke Edward Edherue Okungo Lotokola Albert Olayinka Babatunde Adebogun Ololade Olatunji Ololade Olatunji Lateef Olusola Oladapo Makinde Omolara Akin-Odukoya Omolara Akin-Odukoya Omolara Oluwabusayo Akin-Odukoya Omotola Ogunbola Omotola Ogunbola Onaopepo Ibrahim Bamidele Paulos Manedo Hafebo Perpetua Ogechi Vitalis Philippe Ebuma Dongo Pius T. Mpiana Placide Makwa Mbulola Precious Awosanya Oreoluwa Precious Dube Ramlan Richard N. Amadi Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy Rokeeb Tunde Afeez Ruphin Djolu Djoza Ruphin Djolu Djoza Sajib Kumar Roy Shittu Lukman Olayinka Solomon Zerihun Songbo Kwedugbu Médard Subulola Etimiri Supper Roland Okijie Sylvester Ojenagbon Tadashi Adino Taffouo Victor Désiré Timothy Ekeledirichukwu Onyejelem Tolga Constantinou Toyosi Khadijat Owoyale Tunmise Daramola Ubong Edem Effiong Uzoji Bright Kelechi Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov Zubair Shaib Bashir