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All Journal Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Intermestic: Journal of International Studies
Indra Pahlawan
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PERAN PASUKAN KONTINGEN GARUDA (KONGA) DALAM MISI PEMELIHARAAN PERDAMAIAN DUNIA DI REPUBLIK DEMOKRATIK KONGO TAHUN 2018-2020 Ridho Rahman; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze the role of the Garuda Contingent Force (Konga) in the world peacekeeping mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo in the 2018-2020 period. The research method used is qualitative analysis using secondary data from official reports, articles, and related literature. The results showed that the Konga Force played a significant role in maintaining stability and security in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They perform peacekeeping duties effectively through manning security posts, monitoring conflicts, and enforcing the law in the areas they secure. Furthemore, the troops also play a role in providing humanitarian assistance to the local population. They are involved in food aid distribution, medical services, infrastructure development, and protection of vulnerable groups such as children and women. This helps improve the well-being of Congolese communities and contributes positively to the achievement of sustainable development goals. The research also highlights the importance of the training and capacity building conducted by the Konga Forces. They provide military training and technical knowledge to Congolese military and police personnel, with the aim of improving their ability to maintain security and address future conflicts. Overall, this research shows that the Garuda Contingent (Konga) Troops have an important role to play in the world peacekeeping mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Their contributions in maintaining stability, providing humanitarian assistance, and building local capacity are important factors in creating sustainable peace in the country. Keywords: KONGA, Congo, Peace, Peacekeeping Force
STRATEGI DIPLOMASI PEMERINTAH THAILAND DALAM MEMPROMOSIKAN PARIWISATA GAY PADA TAHUN 2015-2022 Nora Dameris Manurung; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This research is intended to determine the impact and results of the Thai government's diplomatic strategy in promoting gay tourism in 2015–2022, where Thailand is a country that recognizes the existence of and protects gays through law, even though it was initially rejected. There are many strategies carried out by the Thai government to promote gay tourism. This research is analyzed using the level of analysis of the nation-state, the perspective of konstructivism, the concept of queerness, and the theory of public diplomacy by Nicholas J. Cull. The method used in this research is qualitative. The data collection technique for this research was a literature study of several books, journals, articles, news articles, documents, and websites. From the results of this research analysis, it can be concluded that the various strategies undertaken by the Thai government to promote gay tourism are successful. According to the listening indicator, Thailand heard from foreign tourists that there were no gay-friendly free places, so the government created gay-friendly tourism. According to the advocacy indicator, Thailand conducted hearings, campaigns, communications, and agreements with foreign communities. The indicators of cultural diplomacy are proven by promotion through cultural festivals and special events for LGBT people. According to the indicators of exchange diplomacy, it is carried out through agents or tour guides. As well as from indicators of international branding carried out through technology such as the internet, television, radio, and so on, so that many films, dramas, television shows, and several social media platforms have gained many fans. Keywords: Diplomacy, Promoting, Gay Tourism, Thailand
FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEGAGALAN INDIA MENERAPKAN PRINSIP CEDAW (CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN) (STUDI KASUS: DISKRIMINASI PEREMPUAN KASTA DALIT) Shirley Dwi Gayatri; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This researh analyzes the factors in India's failure to apply the principles of CEDAW (Convention on The Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women). The case study taken is discrimination against Dalit caste women in India. This research will look at the factors of India's failure in adopting the CEDAW convention policy in India's national policy which is oriented towards the goal of gender equality and the elimination of all forms of discrimination. Cases of discrimination against Dalit women have been going on for a long time but this practice is still continuing. Dalit women experience caste and gender discrimination simultaneously. Discriminatory practices against Dalit caste women in India clearly violate CEDAW principles. This research uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques, researchers use secondary data with document analysis data collection techniques referring to books, journals and internet sites. The state as the level of analysis and supported by regime effectiveness theory as a basic research reference. The results shows that India has failed to fulfill its obligation in applying CEDAW principles. The practice of discrimination that continues until now is proof of this failure, the number of discriminations against Dalit Women on average increases every year. In implementing CEDAW principles, India has used various instruments which include public policies in the form of regulations, sanctions, and capacity building through education and government programs. Government efforts have not had a significant impact.. India's failure to apply CEDAW principles is caused by several factors, namely social factors, cultural factors, economic factors, and justice factors. Keywords: Discrimination, Dalit, Caste, CEDAW, Women, India
RESPON INDONESIA TERHADAP REZIM ASEAN AGREEMENT ON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION (AATHP) (STUDI KASUS: KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI RIAU TAHUN 2018 – 2019) Lasma Angel Apriana Girsang; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to know Indonesia’s response with the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Pollution (AATHP) regime in cases of forest fire in Riau Province in 2018 – 2019, where Indonesia as the main actor in cross-border smoke haze pollutions is in the spotlight in every forest fire that occurs in the Southeast Asia region. This research is utilized using neoliberal institutionalism theory by O. Keohane, constructivism perspective, non-traditional security concepts, and nation-state level of analysis. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive model. This research data collection technique is through interviews and literature studies from several journals, books, documents, and websites. This research showed Indonesia's response to the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP) regime reflects the characteristics of neoliberal institutionalism in terms of institutional formation, commitment to cooperation, policy making, and supervision. Within this framework, Indonesia seeks to build an effective regional cooperation mechanism to address the problem of transboundary haze pollution in Southeast Asia. Keywords: Neoliberal Institutionalism Theory, Human Security Concept, AATHP, Forest Fire
IMPLEMENTASI KERJASAMA UNICEF DAN INDONESIA DALAM STRATEGI NASIONAL PENANGANAN ANAK TIDAK SEKOLAH (STRANAS ATS) (STUDI KASUS: NAGARI TARUANG-TARUANG TAHUN 2020-2021) Atikha Sari; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of cooperation between UNICEF and Indonesia in the National Strategy for Handling Out of School Children (STRANAS ATS). The case study taken is the Implementation of Sranas ATS by Nagari Taruang-Taruang as a pilot project for a Community-Based Development Information System (SIPBM). Based on SUSENAS data for 2019 there are 4.3 million school-age children who are not in school. In Nagari Taruang-Taruang there are children who are out of school with various categories and causes, where the main causes are economic factors and a lack of public awareness of the importance of education, so that Nagari Taruang-Taruang receives attention from the government for the education problems that occur. This study uses qualitative methods with primary data collection techniques by conducting interviews. The perspective used is constructivism and uses the Theory of Public Policy and International Cooperation. The level analysis used is the group level. The results of this study indicate that Nagari Taruang-Taruang carried out various stages and programs in implementing the ATS National Strategy. Nagari Taruang-Taruang helps non-school children to resume their education. In addition, Nagari Taruang-Taruang also seeks to restore motivation to study and school for children at risk of dropping out (ABPS) by carrying out the Back-to-School Movement. Nagari Taurang-Taruang also won an award as an Education Care Village from UNICEF and the Ministry of Village PDTT in efforts to handle ATS and ABPS. Keywords: Program Implementation, Stranas Ats, UNICEF, SIPBM
MOTIF DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA DENGAN CINA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN KONFLIK PERAIRAN NATUNA UTARA TAHUN 2019 Debora, Rizpani; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Indonesia objected to the unilateral claim of the Natuna waters map made by the Chinese government. The map shows nine dots nine dash line which determines the boundaries of the territory that is part of China's territory over parts of the Natuna Waters. The overlapping claims referred to by China are areas referred to as traditional fishing grounds which are not recognized in the international law of the sea UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea). This has become a guideline for China to continue committing illegal fishing in Indonesia's sovereign territory. Indonesia must face this potential conflict considering that China stated that part of the North Natuna Waters is its territory. This research uses the theory of Indonesian defense diplomacy, influenced by a realism perspective where Indonesia has an interest in fighting for and defending its national interests anticipating conflicts in the North Natuna Waters, as well as maintaining Indonesia's maritime stability and sovereignty. Forms and efforts to resolve illegal fishing are carried out by increasing security in the North Natuna Waters by the Indonesian Navy with the support of the government and the relevant agencies. Indonesia's strategy in maintaining defense diplomacy peacefully is motivated by the cooperation between Indonesia and China been doing for a long time. Both countries strengthen cooperation in several strategic sectors such as trade, finance, infrastructure, industry, tourism, to politics and security. In the era of President Joko Widodo's administration, economic cooperation between Indonesia and China was also very dynamic in various fields. So that this relationship is the reason for Indonesia to continue to maintain peaceful diplomacy. Keywords: North Natuna Waters, Unilateral Claim, National Interest, Defense Diplomacy.
IMPLEMENTASI KERJA SAMA MILITER INDONESIA DAN PRANCIS TERHADAP MODERNISASI ALUTSISTA INDONESIA PADA TAHUN 2015-2019 Harahap, Aulia Rahmah; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of the cooperation between Indonesia and France on the modernization of Indonesia's Main Weapon System Equipment (Alutsista) from 2015 to 2019. The modernization of Alutsista is crucial for Indonesia in maintaining national security and defense in the increasingly complex era of globalization. In order to fulfill the requirements for Alutsista, Indonesia has engaged in defense industry cooperation with France, which is considered more advanced in military technology. This research utilizes K. J. Holsti’s International Cooperation theory with Richard Bitzinger's Defense Transformation concept and employs a descriptive-analytical research method with a qualitative approach. The study adopts Neorealism perspective. Data were collected through a literature review from books, journals, reports, websites, and the analysis of official documents. The data analysis reveals that the cooperation between Indonesia and France in the field of Alutsista modernization has had positive impacts on Indonesia's technological advancements, expertise, and Alutsista capabilities. This cooperation involves technology transfer, personnel training, improvement of defense industry capabilities, and acquisition of advanced weapon systems. Although the resulting impacts are not immediate, the cooperation between Indonesia and France can be considered as contributing to the advancement of Indonesia's defense resources before achieving the Minimum Essential Force (MEF) in 2024. Keywords: Defense, Alutsista Modernization, MEF
DAMPAK KERJA SAMA PRANCIS DAN JEPANG DALAM KERANGKA ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (EPA) TERHADAP EKSPOR WINE PRANCIS KE JEPANG TAHUN 2018 - 2021 Ramadhan, Agung; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 11: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

French wine exports to Japan exemplify international relations that blend Western and Eastern cultures. France's prominence as a grape cultivation center has attracted consumers worldwide, including those in Japan. However, the distribution of French wine to Japan often encounters obstacles and challenges, such as high import duties, strict regulations, and complex distribution networks. To address these issues, the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) was established, encompassing various provisions to liberalize trade and resolve both tariff and non-tariff barriers. On February 1, 2019, the EPA officially went into effect. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and data collection techniques, primarily through literature studies and official documents from European Union and Japanese government websites. The documents used as references in this research are official documents related to the EPA. This study applies a liberalism perspective, presented in a descriptive and explanatory manner at the nation-state level of analysis, with France as the unit of analysis. The EPA agreement between the European Union and Japan has proven to have a positive impact on French wine exports to Japan in 2018 - 2021. The result is that since the implementation of the EPA and the elimination of tariffs, there has been a decrease of – 11.45% in 2020 due to Covid-19 and the highest increase of 16 .15% in 2021. Keywords: EPA, Wine Export, Liberalism Perspective
IMPLEMENTASI KERJASAMA UNICEF DAN INDONESIA DALAM STRATEGI NASIONAL PENANGANAN ANAK TIDAK SEKOLAH (STRANAS ATS) (STUDI KASUS: NAGARI TARUANG-TARUANG TAHUN 2020-2021) Sari, Atikha; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of cooperation between UNICEF and Indonesia in the National Strategy for Handling Out of School Children (STRANAS ATS). The case study taken is the Implementation of Sranas ATS by Nagari Taruang-Taruang as a pilot project for a Community-Based Development Information System (SIPBM). Based on SUSENAS data for 2019 there are 4.3 million school-age children who are not in school. In Nagari Taruang-Taruang there are children who are out of school with various categories and causes, where the main causes are economic factors and a lack of public awareness of the importance of education, so that Nagari Taruang-Taruang receives attention from the government for the education problems that occur. This study uses qualitative methods with primary data collection techniques by conducting interviews. The perspective used is constructivism and uses the Theory of Public Policy and International Cooperation. The level analysis used is the group level. The results of this study indicate that Nagari Taruang-Taruang carried out various stages and programs in implementing the ATS National Strategy. Nagari Taruang-Taruang helps non-school children to resume their education. In addition, Nagari Taruang-Taruang also seeks to restore motivation to study and school for children at risk of dropping out (ABPS) by carrying out the Back-to-School Movement. Nagari Taurang-Taruang also won an award as an Education Care Village from UNICEF and the Ministry of Village PDTT in efforts to handle ATS and ABPS. Keywords: Program Implementation, Stranas Ats, UNICEF, SIPBM
DISFUNGSI WEF DALAM GLOBAL GENDER GAP INDEX REPORT TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN KESETARAAN GENDER DI AFGHANISTAN TAHUN 2021 – 2023 Putri, Tessa Alfiani; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 11: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

In 2021-2023, WEF declared Afghanistan as the country with the worst gender equality with an index that always decreases from year to year in the Global Gender Gap Index Report. Afghanistan is the country that always ranks at the bottom of the overall gender equality index and also ranks at the bottom in the fundamental components, economic participation and opportunity and educational achievement. These results are a result of the Taliban's increasing rule over Afghanistan in every aspect of society, especially education and the economy, which has resulted in the disenfranchisement of women in the country. The rules set affect the number of women participating in education and the economy. Afghanistan, which always ranks at the bottom, even the index obtained in gender equality always decreases, illustrates that the objectives of the Global Gender Gap Index Report are not achieved in the country. In this study, to provide more specific accuracy to the results, the authors used qualitative research methodology through explanatory means. Data collection was conducted through primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are obtained from reports downloaded from the official WEF website and secondary data are obtained through books, journals, news, and data listed on various related official websites. The author uses a constructivist perspective with an international system level of analysis. The author analyzes the research results using Barnett and Finnemore's theory of international organizational dysfunction to explain the reasons for the failure to achieve WEF's goals in the Global Gender Gap Index Report in Afghanistan. The results showed that WEF's dysfunction in the Global Gender Gap Index Report in Afghanistan occurred due to material factors and cultural factors. In material factors, dysfunction occurs because of WEF's weak bureaucracy and Afghanistan has stronger power than WEF. In cultural factors, dysfunction occurs due to the weakness of activities carried out by WEF in achieving gender equality in the country and differences in values and culture between WEF and Afghanistan. Keyword: Taliban, Gender Equality, World Economic Forum, Global Gender GapIndexRepor
Co-Authors ", Rozalia ', Rania ,, Sabrun ,, Sasriaini Aditya Al Jamil, Aditya Al Afnur, Silvi Ramadani Agung Setia Budi Ahmad Jamaan Aida Rahma Suci Aisyah Fitri Yana Al-Hafiz, Nofri Wandi Alfajri, Said Irsyam Alfi Rizky, Alfi Andri Laksamana Arethusa, Zana Cobitha Arzila " Atikha Sari Aulia Faradipta Hakma Ayu Angelina Aritonang Bayu Setya Setya Bene Fetresya Simamora, Bene Fetresya BerylBeryl Rifqi Alhadi Bonny Desfiando Daniel S Debora, Rizpani Dewi Harnum Dewi, Citra Syafni Dian Mardiana Dilla, Arifa Rahma Dita, Delfia Tiara Dyanni Syifa Amira Efryli Derta Ega Nadhilah, Ega Eko Novrialdi Emi Meidila Sidauruk Febriana Ayonda Fenny Desty Fitri Andayani Fitri Rahmadani Gayatri, Shirley Dwi Halima Tus Syadiah Harahap, Aulia Rahmah Hariani, Rani Hartalis " Herman, Rafif Basya’ir Huwaida, Salwa Shabrina Ihsan Fauzi Rahman Indah Octaviani Khothibulloh Muhammad Khunaivi, Aldi Syahrul Klementina Silalahi Lady Chintia Nasution Lasma Angel Apriana Girsang Lena Anita Sulastri Purba Liana Fitri M Iqbal Sidiq M. Ilham Alhalis M. Martin Tonida M.Fajar Ma’ruf M.Fidel Katsro Manurung, Nora Dameris Maulida " Meichen Monalia Silaban MUhammad Yusrizal Muhammad, Iqbaal Mutiarani Ernanda Nadya Eka Putri Nanda Micolla Nathacia Rahmadhani, Nathacia Neirata, Indyra Auliya Nora Dameris Manurung Novel, Elin Konstantia Novella Putri Lerian Oci Khairani Octavia Tri Nararanti Okso Marisi Ollani Vabiola Bangun Paulus Hosbil Romanto Pramudita, Lintang Prima Rita Idayu Putri Herianasari Putri, Deska Nindia Putri, Nadia Zafira Putri, Tessa Alfiani Rahadian, Fathurrahman Adam Rahatesa, Queenta Rahmad Fajar Rahman, Ridho Rahmi, Maulida Ramadhan, Agung Rani Hariani Ratih Maharani Eka Putri Ricky Yudika Matondang Ridho Handoko Ridho Rahman Rifdah Hanun A Rini Oktiwi Ningsih Riyan Zulfikar Aris Rizpani Debora Rolly Jean Marten Safitri Andani Saiman Pakpahan Sapry, Hanna Zikria Sarah Patrecia Sinulingga Sari Eza Darma Sari Eza Darma, Sari Eza Sari, Atikha Sembiring, Sulthan Saleh Septian Wahyu Shintia, Eni Shirley Dwi Gayatri Siagian, Cristin Arti Kasih Sijekto " Silaen, Veronika Lestary Siregar, Dewi Mentari Siti masruroh Sri Kurnia Fitri Ningsih Suci Dwi Nikiki, Suci Dwi Suci Rahmawati, Suci Sukmika Mardalena Sulthan Saleh Sembiring Susanti, Nurvia Suwita Lora Syafira An-nur Syafira Yunita Annisa Syakara, Muhammad Rifqi Tri Huliyani Tri Rahmi Delly, Tri Rahmi Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih Wahyu Dilla Ramadhany Wanti Wahyuning Tiyas Wardani, Indah Surya Widyatama, Alferro Wulandari, Puput Ayu Yenny Nutrician Tampubolon Yesi Ningsih Paradila Yolanda Sari Silitonga Yona Princy