Articles
<![CDATA[Diplomasi Vaksin Dalam Rivalitas Amerika Serikat Dan Cina Di Wilayah ASEAN Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 ]]>
<![CDATA[Sherin Natasya Priscilla]]>;
<![CDATA[Triesanto Romulo Simanjuntak]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J de Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan Vol 16, No 3: Al Qalam (Mei 2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Al-Qur'an (STIQ) Amuntai Kalimantan Selatan ]]>
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DOI: 10.35931/aq.v16i3.1014
<![CDATA[Penelitian ini membahas terkait diplomasi vaksin dalam rivalitas Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Covid-19 yang melanda dunia telah berdampak bagi seluruh negara terkhususnya negara berkembang seperti ASEAN, yang masih bergantung pada bantuan negara maju seperti Amerika Serikat dan Cina. Beberapa aspek yang dilihat dalam penelitian ini adalah pertama, kepentingan nasional Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN. Kedua, faktor yang mendorong terbangunya rivalitas Amerika Serikat dan Cina. Ketiga, tindakan yang diambil oleh Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN pada masa pandemi Covid-19 untuk mencapai kepentingannya, dimana dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan soft power yaitu diplomasi vaksin oleh kedua negara di wilayah ASEAN. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan, melalui penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa kepentingan Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN telah mempengaruhi tindakan kedua negara ke wilayah ASEAN maupun dalam menghadapi satu sama lain, hal ini kemudian membutuk terjadinya rivalitas antar kedua negara, serta rivalitas yang terjadi antara Amerika Serikat dan Cina sudah berlangsung berulang-ulang sejak masa Perang Dingin dan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 kedua negara mengambil langkah dengan melakukan atau memanfaatkan diplomasi vaksin untuk mencapai tujuan atau kepentingan negaranya di wilayah ASEAN.]]>
<![CDATA[KEMUNCULAN ISU RMS DAN PENGARUHNYA DALAM KONFLIK AMBON 1999 ]]>
<![CDATA[Christian Herman Johan de Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Cakrawala Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Vol 3 No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana ]]>
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<![CDATA[Appearance of Journal Issues RMS (Republik Maluku Selatan) and its influence In Ambon Conflict 1999 aims to explain how the RMS issue emerged and its influence on the conflict that occurred in Ambon. RMS issues never discussed and was never a dominant topic in political and social life in the community of Ambon since in military troops by depleted tumpas TNI in 1962. This lively start RMS issue became a major issue after the 1999 conflict events occur. The conflict which had occurred as a result of the two young men who come from different ethnic groups went on to develop into a conflict between religions. In the midst of the conflict appeared a statement from several parties who claimed that the RMS is the party that is responsible for killing Muslims and sectarian-based State wants to establish Christianity in the South Moluccas. The result of this framing mobilization appeared in large numbers by one religious organization to Ambon will be analyzed using the theory of social movements. The factors of a social movement Framing and mobilization is the process by which allows because of the Political Opportunity (opportunity politics) after the collapse of the authority of Government otoritarian under Suharto. The issue of the RMS developed media by quoting statements from some religious figures and State officials as the responsible party in the conflict. As a result of this issue leads to a wider realm by engaging groups like laskar jihad were sympathetic and moved by emotion because both religious and solidarity as well as nationalism. In addition to the religious solidarity group was also motivated to fight the RMS movement. the prevalence of FKM (Front Kedaulatan Maluku) as the existence of the issue of RMS with its activities later hampered the peace process and will be influential in improving the conflict escalation of Ambon. Keywords: FKM (Front Kedaulatan Maluku), Social Movements, Conflict, Laskar Jihad, RMS]]>
<![CDATA[DINAMIKA ISU REPUBLIK MALUKU SELATAN (RMS) TERHADAP MASYARAKAT AMBON DALAM KONFLIK 1999 ]]>
<![CDATA[Christian Herman Johan de Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Cakrawala Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Vol 5 No 1 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana ]]>
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<![CDATA[RMS (Republik Maluku Selatan) issues and its influence In Ambon Conflict 1999 aims to explain how the RMS issue emerged and its influence on the conflict that occurred in Ambon. RMS issues never discussed and was never a dominant topic in political and social life in the community of Ambon since 1962. RMS issues became a major issue after the 1999 conflict. The conflict which had occurred as a result of the two young men who come from different ethnic groups went on to develop into a conflict between religions. In the midst of the conflict appeared a statement from several parties who claimed that the RMS is the party that responsible for Muslims killing and sectarian-based State wants to establish Christianity in the South Mollucas. The result of this framing mobilization appeared in large numbers by one religious organization to Ambon will be analyzed using the theory of social movements and the emotion theory. The factors of a social movement framing and mobilization is the process by which allows because of the Political Opportunity after the collapse of the authority of Government otoritarian under Suharto. The issue of the RMS developed media by quoting statements from some religious figures and State officials as the responsible party in the conflict. As a result of this issue leads to a wider realm by engaging groups like laskar jihad were sympathetic and moved by emotion because both religious and solidarity as well as nationalism. In addition to the religious solidarity group was also motivated to fight the RMS movement. the prevalence of FKM (Front Kedaulatan Maluku) as the existence of the issue of RMS with its activities later hampered the peace process and will be influential in improving the conflict escalation of Ambon.Keywords: FKM (Front Kedaulatan Maluku), Social Movements, Emotion, Conflict, Laskar Jihad, RMS]]>
<![CDATA[Politik Identitas Dalam Krisis Ukraina 2013 ]]>
<![CDATA[Christian H.J De Fretes]]>;
<![CDATA[Chikitta Carnelian]]>
<![CDATA[ Cakrawala Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Vol 6 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana ]]>
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<![CDATA[The monetary crisis that happened in Ukraine is not only affected the economic aspect but also politics. Economic instability makes the Ukrainians faced the dilemmatic choices that certainly leads to political consequences. The Ukrainians have to choose between The EU and Russia are the two options owned by as the right solutions. One of the impacts of the Ukrainian policy of choosing Russia as a solution to the crisis is the spread of protests from a pro-EU. This choice turned into violence (riots) and made Ukraine divided into two parts: Crimea and Lviv. Crimea (Eastern Ukraine) which the majority uses Russian language and Lviv (Western Ukraine) who wants to "escape" from Russia and joins the EU. Crimea Referendum is the climax of the conflict in Ukraine, which ended with the decision to separate from the territory of Ukrainian sovereignty and join Russia, voted by the majority of Crimean society. It shows that the Crimean disintegration process is fundamentally happened because there is the domination of primordial issues aside from the competitive situation between EU and Russia. It proves that the politic of identity puts the identity issue as the main instrument in this case.]]>
<![CDATA[DAMPAK PERANG DAGANG AMERIKA SERIKAT-CINA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN INVESTASI ASING DI VIETNAM TAHUN 2018-2019 ]]>
<![CDATA[Vina Benita Laksono]]>;
<![CDATA[Triesanto Romulo Simanjuntak]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J De Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Cakrawala Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Vol 9 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana ]]>
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<![CDATA[The economic tensions that led to the Trade War between the United States and China not only shook and hurt the economies of both the United States and China. Tax returns that continue to heat up and increase between the two countries with the strongest economies in the world are able to weaken global economic growth. In addition to the negative impacts arising from the Trade War, one of the countries in Southeast Asia, Vietnam was able to get a positive impact from the spillover of the Trade War that could increase its economic growth. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the United States-China Trade War on the growth of foreign investment in Vietnam in 2018-2019. This research uses a qualitative analysis approach with a descriptive explanative writing method using secondary data sources. The results of this study stated that the growth of foreign investment and trade in Vietnam in 2018-2019 increased significantly because it was influenced by two factors, namely external factors were the spillover of the United States-China Trade War, and internal factors were the internal economic and political conditions of Vietnam which tended to stable because there is Doi Moi or economic reforms carried out by the Vietnamese Government since 1986.]]>
<![CDATA[IMPLEMENTASI BANGKOK DECLARATION DALAM PENGURANGAN SAMPAH LAUT (MARINE DEBRIS) DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019-2020 ]]>
<![CDATA[Salma Dhiacintia Salsabila]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri Hergianasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J. De Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Neo Societal Vol 7, No 3 (2022): Edisi Juli ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik ]]>
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DOI: 10.52423/jns.v7i3.25335
<![CDATA[Beberapa negara di Asia Tenggara masuk kedalam penyumbang sampah laut terbesar, sehingga isu mengenai sampah laut ini kemudian dibahas oleh ASEAN dan menghasilkan deklarasi yang dikenal dengan Bangkok Declaration on Combating Marine Debris yang merupakan komitmen dari negara-negara anggota terkait isu sampah laut. Penelitian ini secara keseluruhan membahas mengenai upaya Indonesia yang menyepakati Bangkok Declaration on Combating Marine Debris untuk mengurangi sampah laut yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif, hasilnya kemudian dijabarkan secara deskripsi eksplanasi bahwa Deklarasi Bangkok dalam menangani isu sampah laut yaitu dikembalikan ke masing-masing negara untuk kebijakan dan langkah-langkah yang diambil. Upaya yang ditunjukkan oleh Indonesia dengan adanya Peraturan Presiden RI serta upaya kerjasama dan aksi-aksi lainnya. Di dalam Peraturan Presiden ini juga terdapat rencana aksi nasional dan dibentuknya tim koordinasi nasional yang bertujuan untuk menangani isu sampah laut di Indonesia. Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia menunjukkan adanya penurunan persentase sampah laut yang ada di Indonesia pada tahun 2020. Isu sampah laut dan upaya untuk menanganinya mendukung Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) tujuan 14 mengenai kehidupan di bawah laut atau life below water.]]>
<![CDATA[Perspektif Amnesty Internasional Terhadap Pelanggaran Ham Etnis Uighur Di Tiongkok Tahun 2016-2021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Amelia Oktavia Martins]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J de Fretes]]>;
<![CDATA[Roberto Octovianus Cornelis Seba]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai ]]>
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DOI: 10.31004/jpdk.v5i1.13582
<![CDATA[Isu hak asasi manusia (HAM) merupakan isu global yang menjadi perhatian dunia internasional. dan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap interaksi negara-negara di dunia. Meskipun HAM merupakan bagian penting dari hak-hak yang harus dijamin oleh negara, masih banyak terjadi pelanggaran HAM di masyarakat yang dapat memicu reaksi dari negara lain. Salah satu contoh pelanggaran HAM yang menjadi fokus masyarakat internasional saat ini adalah pelanggaran HAM yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Tiongkok terhadap para penduduk Uighur di Xinjiang. Amnesty International merupakan salah satu organisasi transnasional yang bergerak aktif dalam menyikapi fenomena tersebut dengan memperjuangkan HAM melalui kampanye publik, lobi politik, dan kerjasama dengan organisasi-organisasi lokal dan internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pandangan Amnesty Internasional terhadap pelanggaran HAM terhadap etnis Uighur di Tiongkok dan upaya-upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh organisasi tersebut untuk mempromosikan HAM di Tiongkok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan data dan informasi yang diperoleh dari laporan-laporan Amnesty International dan sumber-sumber terpercaya lainnya. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana Amnesty International melihat pelanggaran HAM dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengangkat isu ini ke tingkat internasional dan memberikan tekanan pada pemerintah Tiongkok untuk menghentikan pelanggaran HAM terhadap etnis Uighur]]>
<![CDATA[Cooperation of European Union (EU) and The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Overcoming Terrorism in Europe on 2019-2021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Gratia Emmanuel Methusala]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J de Fretes]]>;
<![CDATA[Suryo Sakti Hadiwijoyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Social Science Vol. 3 No. 6 (2022): Journal of Social Science ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syntax Corporation Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.46799/jss.v3i6.488
<![CDATA[The shift and expansion of security coverage in international relations makes security divided into two types, namely traditional and non-traditional security. Terrorism is a form of non-traditional threat which is still a priority for countries and international organizations around the world. The anxiety that comes from terrorism attacks makes countries and international organizations to form joint policies and cooperation in the context of countering terrorism. The European Union, as a regional organization of countries in Europe contributes to protecting European citizens by acting as the main forum for cooperating and coordinating with member states. Another effort made by the European Union to improve security in their region is to deepen and expand their security cooperation with NATO to eradicate, thwart and eradicate terrorist acts which have continued to increase since 2014. Through the Joint Declaration in 2018, the European Union and NATO deepen the scope of their security cooperation in combating terrorism in Europe.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Terjadinya Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Pasca Kudeta Myanmar Tahun 2021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Giorgio Hans Susanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Roberto Octavianus Cornelis Seba]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian Herman Johan de Fretes]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 5 (2023): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Riviera Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.58344/jii.v2i5.2482
<![CDATA[Tujuan: pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi pasca kudeta di Myanmar dan bagaimana respon yang diberikan ASEAN dalam menyelesaikan konflik kudeta Myanmar. Metode: pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus terkait, kemudian akan dianalisis menggunakan konsep yang telah dipilih. Penulis menggunakan data sekunder dengan teknik pencarian dan pengumpulan data melalui sumber-sumber yang tertulis seperti salah satunya media-media berita. Hasil: Setelah terbentuknya konstitusi baru pada tahun 1974, Dewan Revolusi kemudian menyerahkan kursi kekuasaan kepada pemerintah yang secara sah terpilih melalui pemilu, yang terdiri dari hanya satu pihak saja yaitu Partai Program Sosialis Burma. Partai yang memenangkan pemilu tersebut telah berdiri sejak tahun 1962 dan didirikan oleh dewan revolusi. Kesimpulan: Myanmar telah melanggar hak-hak terkhusus hak politik mereka untuk menyampaikan pendapat mereka melalui demonstrasi yang menentang peristiwa kudeta militer Myanmar kepada pemerintahan Myanmar yang sah yang seharusnya juga tidak bisa dibenarkan, yang terlihat dari pemblokiran akses media di Myanmar dalam bentuk apapun dan melakukan aksi kekerasan yang brutal kepada ada seluruh masyarakat Myanmar yang melakukan demonstrasi yang mengakibatkan jatuhnya banyak korban jiwa]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of Multi-Stakeholder Partnership in Humanitarian Diplomacy in the Seroja Storm Event in East Nusa Tenggara 2021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Nadia M Lobangpali]]>;
<![CDATA[Christian H.J de Fretes]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri Hergianasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Social Research Vol. 2 No. 6 (2023): Journal of Social Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Journal Labs ]]>
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DOI: 10.55324/josr.v2i6.942
<![CDATA[This paper analyzes the role of multi-stakeholders in humanitarian diplomacy in the East Nusa Tenggara Seroja Storm event. This paper is analyzed using the concept of multistakeholder partnership, the concept of humanitarian diplomacy and the theory of liberalism. The selection of both concepts and one theory is described by the Seroja storm event as an event that causes serious impacts on human life which is closely related to the concepts and theories used as analysis knives. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods or literature studies. The purpose of the study is to explain to the readers about the issue of seroja which is the first natural disaster experienced by the people of Indonesia, and to explain the diplomatic steps taken by the government and the community in responding to the natural disaster experienced by the Indonesian people in the East Nusa Tenggara region. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that the Indonesian government, especially the NTT provincial disaster management agency and the community and volunteers affiliated to the FPRB have carried out appropriate coordination to help disaster victims. Coordination is rare to be important from the actions of the two institutions that have saved the people of NTT from serious impacts that reduce their rights. Successful efforts and roles are carried out in evacuating casualties, missing victims, injured, supplying food and sanitation needs, making evacuations, carrying out rehabilitation and reconstruction.]]>
