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All Journal Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan SANGKEP: Jurnal Kajian Sosial Keagamaan jurnal syntax admiration Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial (JMPIS) Sibatik Journal : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan International Journal of Social Science, Education, Communication and Economics International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Society
Linda Elida
Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Peasant Social Movements and Agrarian Reform in North Sumatra: A Resource Mobilization Theory Perspective on the Struggle for Land Rights Linda Elida
ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Vol. 3 No. 12 (2025): ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, December 2025
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/armada.v3i12.3244

Abstract

Agrarian conflict remains one of the most persistent sources of social tension in North Sumatra, where former plantation concessions, transmigration settlements, and customary (adat) territories continue to generate disputes over land rights. This article examines how peasant communities and their allied organizations mobilize resources to sustain their struggle for agrarian reform in the province. Using Resource Mobilization Theory (RMT) as an analytical lens, the study draws on a qualitative literature and documentary review of scholarly publications, policy analyses, and case reports concerning agrarian movements in North Sumatra and comparable regions of Indonesia. The findings show that peasant movements mobilize four interlocking resource types (material, human, moral, and cultural-organizational) channeled through farmer associations, faith-based institutions, non-governmental intermediaries, and broader civil-society coalitions. These movements employ framing strategies, legal advocacy, and contentious collective action to press claims against both state agencies and corporate land users. Structural asymmetries in political and legal resources, however, continue to constrain the movements' bargaining position. The article concludes that sustainable agrarian reform in North Sumatra requires strengthening peasant organizational capacity and more inclusive, multi-stakeholder resource mobilization.
Memobilisasi Modal untuk Melawan Perampasan Tanah oleh Negara di Persil IV, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia Linda Elida; Ahmad Sayyidulhaq Arrobbani Lubis; Ahmad Taufan Damanik
Society Vol 13 No 3 (2025): Society
Publisher : Laboratorium Rekayasa Sosial, Jurusan Sosiologi, FISIP Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/society.v13i3.964

Abstract

Agrarian conflicts in Indonesia are shaped by persistent inequalities in land access and control, where the state, through legal frameworks and state-owned enterprises, plays a central role in legitimizing dispossession. This study examines how rural communities mobilize different forms of capital to resist state-led land grabbing in Persil IV, North Sumatra. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital, the analysis focuses on how economic, social, cultural, and symbolic resources are strategically deployed to sustain collective resistance. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews  with community members, local leaders, and activists involved in the conflict, complemented by field observations and analysis of legal and historical documents, and analyzed through an iterative thematic coding process.  The study draws on empirical material generated from prolonged engagement in the field to identify three interrelated dynamics of resistance. First, economic capital supports the financing of legal action and collective mobilization,  as reflected in community practices of pooling resources and personal asset sacrifice to sustain litigation and reclaiming activities. Second, social capital expressed through internal solidarity and external alliances strengthens organizational capacity and expands advocacy networks,  including collaboration with student groups and non-governmental organizations. Third, cultural and symbolic capital articulated through historical narratives, legal documents, and moral claims generate legitimacy and reinforce community claims to land, particularly through the continued use of cultivation permits and everyday land occupation practices.  However, the findings also show that these forms of capital operate within a structurally unequal field, where legal uncertainty, coercive pressure, and institutional bias limit their effectiveness. While communities are able to sustain resistance over time, their capacity to secure definitive land rights remains constrained by the dominance of state and corporate actors.  This study contributes to agrarian political economy and rural sociology by providing an empirically grounded account of how capital is mobilized, combined, and constrained in a prolonged agrarian conflict, showing that resistance is sustained not only through material resources but through socially embedded practices shaped by unequal power relations.
Co-Authors Ahmad Sayyidulhaq Arrobbani Lubis Ahmad Taufan Damanik Auliya, Siti Badaruddin Badaruddin Badaruddin Claudia Clara br. Ginting Daulay, Harmona Fadillah Rahmi Nasution Hadriana Marhaeini Munthe Hadriana Marhaeni Munthe Hafi, Bisru Harmona Daulay Henri Sitorus Henry Sitorus Mazdalifah Mazdalifah Muhammad Afnizal Nasution, Fadillah Rahmi Nita Sahrani Nur Islamiah, Indah Ria Manurung Ria Manurung, Ria Rizabuana Ismail Saladin, T. Ilham Savitri, Nita Sebayang, Kartiana Natalia Sismudjito . T. Ilham Saladin