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All Journal Jurnal Periodic Jurusan Kimia UNP Sainstek Jurnal Riset Kimia Fakultas Pertanian JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Sainstek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi MASALIQ: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sains Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Hary Sanjaya
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr.Hamka, Padang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Education Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Other

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Effectiveness of Diethanolamine (DEA) Addition on Band Gap Value of SnO2 by Using Sol-Gel Methods Patriela, Miftah; Sanjaya, Hary
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 2 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2743

Abstract

The need for electrical energy is increasing with the increase in the economy and population in Indonesia. Fossil energy sources are used as fuel to produce electrical energy and will run out if used continuously. Fossil energy sources can be replaced by using New Renewable Energy (NRE) to meet national electrical energy needs. The purpose of adding additives in this study is to observe the effectiveness of the addition of DEA on the band gap value, crystal phase, and surface morphology on SnO2. In this study using the sol-gel method for the synthesis of SnO2. The sol-gel method is the conversion of monomers into colloidal solutions (sol) which serve as precursors for integrated networks (gels) either discrete particles or network polymers. SnO2 nanomaterials will be characterized by UV-DRS Spectrophotometer. The results of characterization of SnO2 nanomaterials with the addition of Diethanolamine additives as much as 1.5 mL have obtained a band gap value of 3.60 eV.
Pengaruh Penambahan Zat Aditif Dea (Diethanolamine) dan Jumlah Pelapisan Spin-Coating Terhadap Nilai Band Gap Lapisan Tipis CuSnO₃ Filiandini, Nadya; Sanjaya, Hary
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v9i1.26512

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zat aditif diethanolamine (DEA) dan jumlah pelapisan menggunakan metode spin-coating terhadap nilai band gap lapisan tipis CuSnO₃. Material CuSnO₃ dipilih karena bersifat semikonduktor dengan potensi tinggi untuk digunakan dalam aplikasi elektronik dan energi terbarukan. Sintesis dilakukan dengan mencampurkan Cu(NO₃)₂ dan Sn(NO₃)₄ dalam pelarut metanol dengan penambahan DEA pada variasi volume 1,0 mL, 1,5 mL, dan 2,0 mL. Proses spin-coating dilakukan pada substrat kaca dengan kecepatan 2000 rpm selama 60 detik, kemudian dilakukan pelapisan sebanyak 1, 3, dan 5 kali. Sampel dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 110 °C selama 15 menit dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 550 °C selama 2 jam. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan UV-Vis DRS untuk mengukur nilai band gap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan DEA menyebabkan penurunan nilai band gap dari 3.0089 eV menjadi 2.9161 eV. Selain itu, penambahan jumlah pelapisan hingga 5 kali menghasilkan nilai band gap terendah yaitu 2.0203 eV. Penurunan nilai band gap menunjukkan peningkatan potensi konduktivitas material, sehingga CuSnO₃ dengan penambahan DEA dan jumlah pelapisan yang tepat dapat digunakan sebagai material semikonduktor alternatif yang efisien.
Harnessing Nature's Colors: Combining Plant Pigments and Metal Coatings for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Hardeli, Hardeli; Sanjaya, Hary; Yunita, Lasmi; Novita, Indri Panca; Agdisti, Nurul Fadilah; Luli, Rahmaneta; Permatasari, Putri
Molekul Vol 20 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.2.14891

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study aims to improve the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To overcome the recombination problem in the commonly used TiO2 semiconductor, we performed electrodeposition of ferrous metal (Fe) on TiO2. XRD characterization showed that after Fe electrodeposition, the crystal structure of TiO₂ remained in the anatase phase without significant changes compared to before deposition while based on SEM-EDS results, Fe was dispersed to form small agglomerates that functioned as metal contacts to reduce electron recombination. We also investigated the use of anthocyanins from various natural sources, including jengkol skin, senduduk fruit, mangosteen skin, and red grape skin. These anthocyanins were copigmented with salicylic acid. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that copigmentation caused a bathochromic shift and FTIR spectrum confirmed strong interaction between anthocyanins and salicylic acid through hydrogen bond formation. The combination of TiO2-Fe layers with pigmented dyes resulted in diverse DSSC efficiencies, with mangosteen peel showing the best performance (4.123%), followed by senduduk fruit (3.495%), grape peel (2.569%), and jengkol peel (1.925%). The increase in efficiency from 1.189% (without Fe coating) to 1.700% (with Fe coating) demonstrates the potential of this technique. The small TiO2 crystal size (about 61.8 nm) also contributes to the increased surface area, enhancing dye absorption and solar cell performance. The electrical efficiency showed that the combination of TiO2-Fe with copigmented anthocyanins from mangosteen skin produced DSSCs with the highest efficiency, demonstrating the potential of this approach to improve the performance of natural dye-based solar cells. Keywords: Co-pigmentation, dye-sensitized solar cell, Fe electroplating, natural dye.
Pemanfaatan Karbon Batang Jagung (Zea mays) untuk Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah Karsa, Dion Randi; Putra, Ananda; Sanjaya, Hary; Novel, Dheo Shalsabilla; Izanel, Rezi Ananta; Putri, Natasya Alya; Khaliq, Feni Kurnia; Jannah, Miftahul; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 14, No 2 (2025): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v14i2.130330

Abstract

Used cooking oil, which is often discarded carelessly, can cause environmental pollution and adversely affect health if consumed again. This study explored the use of activated carbon produced from corn stalks (Zea mays) for the purification of used cooking oil. Activated carbon was produced through chemical activation using NaOH and applied to used cooking oil in various treatments, including combination with cornstarch. The quality of the purified oil was evaluated based on density, flow rate, saponification number, and acid number. The results of this study are expected to provide an environmentally friendly solution in the treatment of used cooking oil waste and utilize corn stalk waste effectively, thereby reducing negative impacts on the environment and improving public health.The result of this study is activated carbon from corn stalks which is able to reduce the density of 0.83 g/mL with cornstarch adsorbent, flow rate of 0.201 ml/s with carbon adsorbent, acid number of 5.31 mg/KOH with carbon adsorbent, saponification number of 139.46 mg/KOH.
Optimasi Desorpsi Kation Pb2+ dari Adsorben Silika Gel-GPTMS (Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) Termodifikasi Sulfonat dengan Metode Kolom Auzakiyah, Sabella; Oktavia, Budhi; Sanjaya, Hary; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 14, No 2 (2025): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v14i2.133061

Abstract

Silica gel is a material that has two active sides, namely silanol (Si-OH) and siloxane (Si-O-Si) groups, but it is less effective as an adsorbent so it needs to be modified. Modification was carried out by adding sulfonate groups using GPTMS bridging compounds to improve the ability of silica gel to adsorb metal ions, such as Pb²⁺ cations. Characterization was performed using FTIR (Fourier Transform-Infrared) and XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) to ensure the success of the modification process, while SSA (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) was used to measure the effectiveness of the adsorption and desorption processes. In this study, adsorption and desorption were carried out using the column method. Adsorption of Pb²⁺ cation was carried out using silica gel-GPTMS sulfonate adsorbent at optimum conditions of 20 ppm concentration and pH 3. The process was followed by desorption to determine the optimum conditions, including the type of desorption agent (NaCl and CaCl₂), concentration, and flow rate. The results showed that the optimum conditions were obtained with CaCl₂ desorption agent, with a desorbed weight of 0.1707 mg and a desorption efficiency of 98.67%. The optimum concentration of CaCl₂ was 0.05 M with a desorbed weight of 0.1730 mg and a desorption efficiency of 100%. In addition, the optimum flow rate was 1 mL/min with a desorption percentage of 100%.
Optimization of P3HT:PCBM Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells: Effects of Annealing Temperature and Active Layer Composition Hardeli, Hardeli; Sanjaya, Hary; Harahap, Riri Indah Nitami; Permatasari, Putri
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v16i2.817

Abstract

P3HT:PCBM-based polymer solar cells have demonstrated potential as an affordable substitute for conventional silicon-based photovoltaics. The performance of P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cells is examined in this work in relation to the annealing temperature and the composition of the active layer. The morphology of the active layer was characterized using SEM, while the electrical properties were measured using current-voltage (I-V) characterization. Our findings show that 150°C is the ideal annealing temperature, resulting in the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.58%. SEM analysis revealed that this temperature produces the most homogeneous surface morphology. Additionally, a P3HT:PCBM ratio of 3:1 resulted in the best device performance, with a PCE of 4.36%. Short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage increase when the blend's P3HT level increases. These results offer important information for optimizing the production of P3HT:PCBM-based polymer solar cells, which could lead to increased organic photovoltaic device efficiency and possible commercial outcomes.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Doping TiO₂ dan Volume Diethanolamine (DEA) terhadap Nilai Bandgap CuO dengan Metode Sol-Gel Fatma, Sakina Cahaya; Sanjaya, Hary; Patriela, Miftah
MASALIQ Vol 5 No 4 (2025): JULI
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/masaliq.v5i4.6634

Abstract

Copper(II) oxide (CuO) is a promising semiconductor material for various applications such as photocatalysis, sensing, and renewable energy devices. However, its performance is often limited by a suboptimal bandgap value for efficient energy conversion. This study aims to evaluate the effects of titanium doping concentration and the addition volume of diethanolamine (DEA) on the optical properties of CuO synthesized via the sol-gel method. The sol-gel technique was chosen for its ability to produce uniform doping distribution and stable nanoparticle structures. Bandgap characterization was conducted using UV-DRS spectroscopy. The results show that the bandgap of pure CuO, initially measured at 1.36 eV, was reduced to 1.28 eV through titanium doping at an optimal concentration of 0.3 mmol. The further addition of DEA at an optimal volume of 1 mL lowered the bandgap to 1.22 eV. This reduction indicates that titanium doping and DEA addition significantly influence the optical properties of CuO. These effects are likely due to structural irregularities such as oxygen vacancies, crystal defects, and impurities, which contribute to modifications in the material’s electronic structure. Additionally, the uniform distribution of microstrain and smaller particle size further contribute to structural alterations and bandgap tuning.
Pengaruh Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide pada Nilai Bandgap Semikonduktor TiO₂-ZnO Rizki, Olga Tiara; Sanjaya, Hary
MASALIQ Vol 5 No 4 (2025): JULI
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/masaliq.v5i4.6737

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of adding the surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) on the bandgap energy of the TiO₂-ZnO semiconductor material. The material was synthesized using the sol-gel method and characterized by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Variations in CTAB concentration (0.015–0.035 grams) were introduced to evaluate changes in the material’s optical properties. The results show that CTAB addition up to 0.025 grams reduced the bandgap energy from 3.225 eV to 3.004 eV. This decrease is attributed to the formation of structural defects such as oxygen vacancies and reduced particle size, which introduce additional energy states within the bandgap. However, further addition of CTAB beyond 0.025 grams led to an increase in bandgap energy, likely due to particle agglomeration and structural disruptions. These findings indicate that CTAB not only acts as a surfactant but also plays a role in tuning the structure and optical properties of TiO₂-ZnO. Therefore, optimizing CTAB concentration is crucial for enhancing the material's performance in photocatalytic and solar cell applications.
Pengaruh Penambahan Aditif Diethanolamine (DEA) terhadap Energi Celah Pita TiO₂ Terdoping ZnO menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel Julianti, Sri Rara; Sanjaya, Hary
MASALIQ Vol 5 No 5 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/masaliq.v5i5.6878

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of Diethanolamine (DEA) addition on the band gap energy and crystal structure of TiO₂ semiconductors doped with ZnO using the sol-gel method. DEA functions as a stabilizing agent and particle growth controller to achieve more uniform particle size and distribution. DEA concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% were applied. The synthesis process involved mixing TiO₂ and ZnO in ethanol, adding DEA, sonication, drying, and calcination. Characterization was conducted using UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), employing the Kubelka-Munk approach to determine the band gap values. The results indicate that DEA addition significantly reduced the band gap energy to 3.05 eV at the optimal concentration of 4%, attributed to the formation of structural defects and reduced particle size, which expanded the active surface area and shortened the electron excitation distance. However, at 5% DEA concentration, the band gap increased to 3.14 eV due to particle agglomeration. These findings confirm the crucial role of DEA in controlling the optical properties of TiO₂-ZnO, with a 4% concentration offering optimal performance for photocatalytic and solar cell applications. This study demonstrates that chemical additive manipulation during synthesis is an effective strategy for engineering the electronic properties of semiconductors.
Pengaruh Penambahan Monoethanolamine (MEA) Sebagai Aditif Dalam Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Lapisan Tipis Tembaga (II) Oksida (CuO) Viony Anjelina; Sanjaya, Hary; Budiman, Septian
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v8i1.13787

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan aditif MEA terhadap kualitas lapisan tipis CuO yang disintesis menggunakan metode sol gel dipcoating. Penentuan band gap optimum lapisan tipis CuO dikarakterisasi menggunakan UV-DRS. Dalam pembuatan lapisan tipis CuO ini menggunakan volume zat aditif MEA yang bervariasi yaitu 1,0 ml, 1,5 ml, 2,0 ml, 2,5 ml, dan 3,0 ml. Nilai bandgap optimum yang telah didapatkan yaitu pada volume MEA 2,5 ml, dikatakan optimum karena nilai band gap yang didapatkan paling mendekati range terkecil band dari yang lainnya. Hasil band gap berturut-turut yang diperoleh yaitu, 1,36 eV, 1,34 eV, 1,29 eV, 1,26 eV, 1,24 eV dan 1,16 eV. Dari hasil yang telah di uji nilai bandgap lapisan tipis CuO mengalami penurunan, dibandingkan dengan tanpa zat aditif monoethanolamine (MEA). Bandgap optimum dari hasil karakterisasi UV-DRS adalah pada variasi penambahan volume MEA 2,5 mL yaitu dengan band gap 1,24 eV. Dikatakan optimum karena nilai bandgap yang didapatkan paling mendekati range terkecil band dari yang lainnya. Penambahan variasi monoethanolamine menyebabkan adanya pengaruh lapis tipis yang dihasilkan yaitu terjadinya penyempitan celah pita energi yang dapat menyebabkan ukuran butiran partikel semakin kecil sehingga luas permukaan juga semakin besar.
Co-Authors Abdul Razak Admin Alif Agdisti, Nurul Fadilah Agnes Quartina Pudjiastuti Aini, Syamsi Alfarisi, Fadil Amelia, Reza Amsyar, Nadhilah Auzakiyah, Sabella Budhi Oktavia Deski Beri Desy Kurniawati Dwiputri, Yumanda Edi Nasra Eri Barlian Faizah, Suci Hanim Fatma, Sakina Cahaya Filiandini, Nadya Fitria, Fadhila Harahap, Riri Indah Nitami Hardeli Hardeli Hardianti, Amirah Salsabila Hermansyah Aziz Indang Dewata Izanel, Rezi Ananta Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Julianti, Sri Rara Julizen, Rofilian Karsa, Dion Randi Khaliq, Feni Kurnia Laksono Trisnantoro Lilis karlina, Lilis Luli, Rahmaneta Miftahul Jannah Miftahurrahmi, Miftahurrahmi Mifthahul Jannah, Nurul Mulia, Melindra Nengsi, Suharti Nizar, Umar Kalmar Novel, Dheo Shalsabilla Novita, Indri Panca Nurul Husna Nurwijayanti Patriela, Miftah Putra, Ananda Putri Permatasari, Putri Putri Rahayu, Nanda Putri, Natasya Alya Putri, Sinta Eka Putri, Tiara Jelita Rahadian Zainul Rahmatika, Aljumaatul Reflia, Tiwi Retno Damayanti Riga, Riga Rindiani, Maiyola Rizka, Futtyhat Rizki, Olga Tiara Rofiatin, Umi Sari, Putri Manda Sefriyani, Sefriyani Septian Budiman Setiowati, Fiqih Sekar Soviah, Sadri Sri Benti Etika Sukma, Vira Ananda Syafrian, Syafrian Syukri Arief Syukri UNP Viony Anjelina Yulfitrianti, Marlina Yunita, Lasmi