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All Journal PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
Hestiary Ratih
Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia.
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Optimization of Sodium Alginate-Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Complex for Enhanced Gastro-Resistant Performance of Diclofenac Sodium Microcapsules Hestiary Ratih; Alvyolian Bernard Manangsang; Jessie Sofia Pamudji; Nur Achsan Al-Hakim
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education Vol 6, No 2 (2026): May–August 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37311/ijpe.v6i2.37951

Abstract

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is an effective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) limited by a short half-life and gastric irritation. Microencapsulation with natural polymers enables gastric protection and controlled drug release. This study aims to formulate and optimize DS microcapsules using a combination of sodium alginate and chitosan polymers, with the addition of Tween 80, to achieve a gastro-resistant profile with ideal controlled release. The microcapsules were prepared using the ionotropic gelation method with varying concentrations of sodium alginate and chitosan: F1 (1.0%:0.05%), F2 (2.0%:0.1%), and F3 (3.0%:0.15%). Characterization included particle size analysis using a polarizing microscope, morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), entrapment efficiency (EE), and in vitro dissolution testing at various pH levels (1.2, 4.5, and 7.4). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test to determine significant differences. F1 exhibited the best characteristics with a particle size of 221.42 ± 39.16 μm and the highest entrapment efficiency of 91.78%. The primary endpoint for gastro-resistance was successfully achieved by F1, showing a release of 9.71% at pH 1.2 for 120 minutes, meeting the compendial criterion of 10%. In contrast, F2 (13.17%) and F3 (17.88%) exceeded this limit with statistically significant differences (p0.05). SEM image analysis confirmed that F1 had the smoothest and most compact surface with minimal porosity compared to the other formulations. This study demonstrates that optimizing the polymer concentration in F1 successfully created a compact polyelectrolyte complex matrix, effectively improved entrapment efficiency, and provided stable gastro-resistant protection for safer DS delivery.
Kemampuan Pati Pregelatinasi Buah Sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg) sebagai Bahan Penghancur pada Tablet Eritromisin Stearat Wulan Anggraeni; Hestiary Ratih; Nabila Anis; Abilyo Ramadan
PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia), Vol. 18 No. 02 Desember 20
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pharmacy.v18i2.9125

Abstract

Pati merupakan salah satu disintegran sediaan tablet yang berfungsi menghancurkan tablet sehingga zat aktif dapat dilepaskan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memanfaatkan pati hasil pregelatinasi dari buah sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg) sebagai bahan penghancur pada tablet eritromisin stearat (ERS). Penelitian diawali dengan mengidentifikasi kemampuan pati pregelatinasi buah sukun (PPBS) dengan melakukan uji swelling power dari pregelatinasi pati pada suhu 0, 60, 70, 80 dan 90oC. Pati yang memiliki swelling power yang paling baik dipilih sebagai bahan penghancur pada tablet ERS. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat 4 formula, yaitu F1 (ERS tunggal), F2 (ERS-PPBS, 9:1), F3 (ERS-PPBS, 7:3) dan F4 (ERS-PPBS, 1:1). Tablet dikempa langsung dengan alat kompaktibilitas (hydrolic press), selanjutnya tablet dievaluasi kekerasan, kerapuhan, kompaktibilitas dan waktu hancur tablet serta dikarakterisasi dengan scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pati pregelatinasi buah sukun dapat menurunkan nilai kekuatan tarik (tensile strength) campuran massa kempa. Fotomikrograf SEM menunjukkan penambahan pati pregelatinasi buah sukun dapat mencegah terjadinya sintering pada tablet ERS. Tablet campuran ERS-PPBS dapat meningkatkan waktu hancur dari pada tablet ERS tunggal. Waktu hancur paling cepat terjadi pada F4 yaitu pada 0,45±0,06 menit. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pati pregelatinasi buah sukun dapat mencegah terjadinya fenomena sintering dan meningkatkan waktu hancur tablet eritromisin stearat.
Co-Authors Abilyo Ramadan Alvyolian Bernard Manangsang Erina Sifa Mutmainah Faizal Hermanto Fani Wahyuni, Fani Fikri Alatas Jessie Sofia Pamudji Nabila Anis Nur Achsan Al-Hakim Rani Sugandi, Rani Riskia Putri Peratiwi, Riskia Putri Sundani Nurono Soewandhi Titta Hartyana Sutarna Wulan Anggraeni