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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management VALENSI JFIOnline Majalah Farmasetika Medica Hospitalia JURNAL PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA: Teori, Penelitian, dan Inovasi Makara Journal of Science Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Kalwedo Sains (KASA) Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia
Ernawati Sinaga
Fakultas Biologi Universitas Nasional
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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Journal : Journal of Tropical Biodiversity

 1 
Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Of Temu Tis (Curcuma purpurascens) Rhizome in White Rat(Rattus norvegicus) Suprihatin Suprihatin; Carles Tambunan; Ernawati Sinaga
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (399.258 KB)

Abstract

Temu tis (Curcuma purpurascens BI) is a species of Curcuma that has not been widely studied. Although it is not very well known, temu tis is also used as a traditional medicine to treat coughs, stomach aches, and skin infections. The results of several studies proved that temu tis rhizome extract has bioactivity as an antioxidant and anti-cancer. Temu tis is also proven to contain flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and essential oils. Because it contains bioactive substances, it is estimated that temu tis rhizome extract has the potential to be used as a medicine, therefore its safety needs to be tested. In this study, an acute and subchronic toxicity test was conducted for the ethanol extract of temu tis rhizome which was given orally to white mouse (Rattus norvegicus) using various increased doses to see the toxic effects, both qualitative and quantitative, and subchronic effects in an increase of serum level measurements for both serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT). From the results, there was no visible toxic effect and mortality of mouse in the doses tested, namely between 1250-5000 mg/Kg body weight with the administration for 14 days. From the calculation results, the LD50 value of temu tis rhizome extract is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight, so it is classified into category 5 or non-toxic according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification (GHS). Subchronic toxicity test results also showed that the administration of temu tis extract for 28 days in a dose range of 1,250-5,000 mg /Kg body weight did not significantly affect the activity of the SGOT and SGPT enzymes in the experimental mouse.
Antibacterial Bioactivity from Extract of Reundeu Caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) Noverita Noverita; Ernawati Sinaga
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Reundeu caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) are two examples of plants commonly used by rural tribal communities as medicinal ingredients, one of which is by the Baduy tribal community. These two plans are usually used by local people to treat infectious diseases (wounds) and stomach aches. Therefore, it is necessary to prove the medical potential of these plants. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the antibacterial potential of the extracts of the Reundeu caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) plant extracts against the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The method used in this study is the Disc Diffusion method. The results showed that Reundeu caret and Honje plant extracts were only able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts of Rendeu Caret and Honje was moderate to strong. This study concluded that Honje and Reundeu caret plant extracts were more potential to be used to treat infectious diseases (wounds).
Analysis of Total Phenols, Total Flavonoids and Anthocyanin Levels in Blue Pea Flowers (Clitoria ternatea L) Fira Kuswandari; Ernawati Sinaga; Nurbaiti Nurbaiti; Ali Husni
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 3 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the content of total phenol, total flavonoid, and anthocyanin levels in flower telang flower (Clitoria ternatea L). Observations were made using different methods and solvents. Telang flower (Clitoria teratea L) extracted by maceration using ethanol solvent and dry extraction using water solvent freezedry method showed different content of total phenol, total flavonoid and anthocyanin content. The extract obtained was analyzed for its content using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the average total phenolic content of flower telang flower was 2459.94 mgGAE/100g, total flavonoids 1171.10 mg/100g and anthocyanin content 122.79mg/100g. Meanwhile, the freeze-dry extract of the flower of telang flower showed an average total phenol content of 1924.96 mgGAE/100g, a total flavonoid content of 763.88 mg/100g and anthocyanin content of 890.49 mg/100g. The content of total phenol, total flavonoid and anthocyanin from ethanol extract was higher than that from water solvent. The ethanol extract and the water extract of the flower of telang flower have antioxidant potential in terms of the parameters of the total phenol content
Potential of Flavonoid Compounds from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa as Anticholesterol: An In Silico Study Lumbantoruan, Lamtiur; Sinaga, Ernawati; Simanjuntak, Kristina; Nurbaya, Siti; Prasasty, Vivitri Dewi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 4 No 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v4i3.232

Abstract

Indonesia's biodiversity ranks second largest in the world. This vast potential, if managed well, can be utilized as raw materials for medicines. Currently, 96% of drug raw materials in Indonesia are still imported, making medicines expensive. Therefore, efforts are needed to achieve self-sufficiency in drug raw materials, including researching Indonesian plants with potential as hypercholesterolemia drugs to be used as native raw materials. This study aims to determine the potential of flavonoid compounds in Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit as an alternative hypercholesterolemia drug. Six flavonoids were identified: myricetin, quercetin, quercetin 7,4'-diglucoside, dihydromyricetin, kaempferol, and vitexin in R. tomentosa (Karamunting) fruit. The method used was an in silico study. In silico studies are used to screen compounds based on their mechanism of action against target proteins. In this study, myricetin, quercetin, dihydromyricetin, kaempferol, quercetin 7,4'-diglucoside, and vitexin were subjected to molecular docking using Autodock Vina software to determine the affinity and interaction of these six compounds with the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which acts as an intermediary in the mevalonate pathway for cholesterol metabolism. Simvastatin, a drug used for hypercholesterolemia treatment, was used as a comparison. The molecular docking results showed that the binding energy values for myricetin, quercetin, dihydromyricetin, kaempferol, quercetin 7,4'-diglucoside, and vitexin were -10.0, -9.4, -9.6, -9.2, -11.4, and -9.9 kcal/mol, respectively. These six flavonoid derivatives from Karamunting fruit have better inhibition scores compared to simvastatin, indicating that these flavonoid derivatives can inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis better than simvastatin and have potential as anticholesterol drugs.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae Plants Using the RAMES Method Adilah, Hanifa Nur; Adawiyah, Suryani; Agustiana, Syifa; Effendi, Alvira Noer; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.291

Abstract

Plants from the Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae families are recognized for their diverse phytochemical content and pharmacological potential. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of ten plant species from these families using the Rapid Metabolome Extraction and Storage (RAMES) method. Fresh rhizomes from Zingiberaceae and fruits from Solanaceae were extracted with ethanol, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening and antioxidant evaluation using the ABTS method. All tested species contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, and phenols. Triterpenoids were consistently detected in Zingiberaceae species but were largely absent in Solanaceae, which predominantly contained steroids. Antioxidant assays revealed strong activity in all samples, with complete ABTS decolorization (score +3) comparable to ascorbic acid. These findings suggest that antioxidant potential is closely associated with flavonoid and phenolic compound content. The RAMES method proved to be a rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach for small scale extraction of bioactive compounds, enabling sustainable use of medicinal plant resources. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae species as natural antioxidant sources for the development of functional health products and herbal medicines. Further quantitative and biological studies are recommended to identify key active constituents and evaluate their safety and clinical efficacy.
Antioxidant Potential, Quantification of Phenolics and Flavonoids, and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Stem Methanol Extract of Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq. Using LC-MS/MS Analysis Siregar, Astri Rozanah; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.292

Abstract

Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq., a wild plant from the Annonaceae family, naturally grows in the peat swamp forests of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Known as Black Bajakah among the Dayak Ngaju community in Central Kalimantan, its stems have traditionally been used to treat various ailments and restore stamina during forest work. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract of M. kentii stems and to explore its potential for medicinal applications and drug discovery. LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted using a C18 column on the Waters Acquity UPLC system, with electrospray ionization in positive and negative ion modes. Compound identification employed the UNIFI data processor with the Waters Traditional Medical Scientific Library database. The analysis revealed five bioactive compounds: d-Lirioferine (lirioferine), isosinomenine, N-(1,7-Dimethoxy-phenanthren-2-yl)-acetamide, scoulerine, and yuanhunine, all with documented biological activities. Quantitative analysis showed the extract contained 36.23% total phenols, 0.44% total flavonoids, and exhibited very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 12.06 ppm. These results support the traditional medicinal use of M. kentii and highlight its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for future pharmaceutical development.
Co-Authors Adawiyah, Suryani Adilah, Hanifa Nur Agustiana, Syifa Ahmad Fathoni Ali Husni Aos Yuli Firdaus Avery, Mike Azkawati, Elok Camin, Yeremiah Rubin Carles Tambunan Effendi, Alvira Noer Endah Wulandari Endang Sukara Fachruddin Mangunjaya, Fachruddin Fauziah Ilmi Fira Kuswandari Fitri Istiqomah Fitria, Dinah Fitria, Dinah Gugah Praharawati Haris Gunawan Hendra Maujana Saragih Ida Wiryanti Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Jois, Seetharama Seetharama Kusmaryeni, Siti Lilik Sulastri Lumbantoruan, Lamtiur Lusiana, Diana Intan Gabriella Makagiansar, Irwan Mardianawati, Nurlita Muhammad Irsan Saleh Noverita Noverita, . NURBAITI NURBAITI Ragamustari, Safendrri Komara Retno Widowati SAKINAH, PUTRI Sihombing, Sotarduga Simanjuntak, Kristina Simatupang, Leo Fernando Siregar, Astri Rozanah Siti Nurbaya Subkhan Subkhan Suprihatin - Suprihatin Suprihatin Suryono, Annisa Nur’aini Suryono, Annisa Nur’aini Suwigya Utama Syairendra, Ferry Tami Idiyanti Taufik Mei Mulyana Vivitri Dewi Prasasty Zen Hafy Zulham, Muhammad