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MICROBIAL ENRICHMENT PROCESS IN THE ANODE OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELL SYSTEM USING TOFU WASTEWATER (TWW) ANAEROBIC SLUDGE Ibdal Satar; Adi Permadi; Sukma Latifatunnajib
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 15 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2021.v15.i02.p05

Abstract

Microbial fuel cell consisting two main components which are anode and cathode materials. In the microbial fuel cell, both anode and cathode compartments are separated with a separator. Anode generates the protons and electrons while cathode converts protons into water with the presence electrons and oxygen. During the Microbial fuel cell operation, the performance of anode is very crucial due to it provides the protons and electrons. Hence, the high efficiency microbial fuel cell is very related with the high anode performance. This work addressed to the enrichment process of electroactive bacteria (EAB) in anode of microbial fuel cell. In this work, some parameters such as current generations, , and pH changes were used to assess the enrichment process of EAB was reached. In addition, the presence of EAB on the anode surface was identified based on the morphology of anode surface. The removal of COD and the pH value were determined by using the American public health analysis method and pH tester, respectively. The morphology of anode surface was analysed by using a scanning electron microscope. Whereas, current generation was tested by using a mustimeter. The removal of COD and final pH were obtained 71.4 % and 5.7, respectively. The optimum current generation was observed 0.19 mA. The surface morphology of anode before enriched with microbes was clear surface, while after enriched with microbes was attached by microbes. The removal of COD, pH changes, current generation and morphology of anode surface could be used to assess the EAB in the anode compartment. Keywords: Microbial fuel cell; anode; cathode; electroactive bacteria; pH changes.
Optimization of thin layers of coated turmeric extract (Curcuma longa L) tablets using a dipping method Adi Permadi; Sapto Yuliani; Iis Wahyuningsih; Ibdal Satar
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol 19, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.249 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v19i1.20130

Abstract

Turmeric extracts have many benefits, such as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuro-protector for dementia. The turmeric extracts can be prepared in the form of a thin layer of coated tablets through a dipping method using the dip coating and Simplex lattice design (SLD) methods. The quality of the thin layers of coated tablets is much related to the formulation in the coating process. This research aims to formulate and optimize the coating composition of HPMC, PEG-400, and dip time. Consequently, the TSLT meets the standard requirements. The core tablets were made by using the wet granulation method with the formulation of turmeric extract, erosol, lactose, gelatin, and aquades. Before the core tablets had been produced, the eligibility of granules was initially evaluated based on the standard requirements. Subsequently, the core tablets that meet the standard requirements were printed and replicated. The coating processes on core tablets were performed by dipping into the coating solution in the various duration of dipping times: 5, 30, and 60 seconds. The coating solution consists of HPMC, PEG-400, glycerine, sunset yellow, and distillate water. Then, produced TSLTs were evaluated based on the hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The best optimization process for the mixture of HPMC and PEG-400 indicates a more positive value of R (R = 0.2024).
FORMULASI TABLET EKSTRAK KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTI DEMENSIA Adi Permadi; Sapto Yuliani; Iis Wahyuningsih; Ibdal Satar
Media Farmasi XXX Vol 17, No 1 (2021): Media Farmasi
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar, Kementerian Kesehatan RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mf.v17i1.2057

Abstract

Turmeric Extract Tablet Formulation (Curcuma Longa L) As An Anti-Dementia CandidateTurmeric (Curcuma longa L) is an herbal plant commonly used as a cooking spice to provide a savory taste and an attractive color. Moreover, it is also used in the field of medicine due to its curcumin bioactive compounds which are useful as anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotectors for dementia. Therefore, this research aims to formulate turmeric extract tablets that meets physical test standards using the wet granulation method. The extract tablet formulation was made into three formulas, namely F1, F2 and F3, where the composition of aerosol, lactose, gelatin and distilled water of the three formulas was designed based on the results of the parameters in sequence. The printed tablets were then tested using a disintegration, dual friability and hardness tester to determine the disintegration time, brittleness, hardness, as well as uniformity of weight and size. The F3 formulation with the composition of turmeric extract (15 g), aerosol (35 g), lactose (12.8 g), gelatin (0.5 g), magnesium stearate (1%) and aquadest (200 ml) fulfilled the standard physical tablet requirements. Furthermore, the results of repeated tablets (three times) obtained values namely weight (0.616 ± 0.355 mg), diameter (1.334 ± 0.280 cm), thickness (0.518 ± 0.039), friability (0.065 ± 0.074%), hardness (4.635 ± 0.234 kg)) and time destroyed (9,918 ± 4,386). Therefore, based on the results, the F3 turmeric extract tablet formulation shows the quality which meets the tablet physical test standards.Keywords  : Curcumin, Dementia, Turmeric Extract Tablets, Wet GranulationKunyit (Curcuma longa L) merupakan tanaman herbal yang sering digunakan sebagai bumbu masak yang dapat memberikan rasa gurih dan warna yang menarik. Selain itu, kunyit juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bidang obat-obatan karena ia mengandung senyawa bioaktiv kurkumin yang bermanfaat sebagai anti oksidan, anti peradangan dan neuroprotektor untuk demensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan tablet ekstrak kunyit yang memenuhi standar uji fisik dengan menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Formulasi tablet ekstrak kunyit dibuat ke dalam tiga formula yaitu F1, F2 dan F3, dimana komposisi aerosol, laktosa, gelatin dan aquades dari ketiga formula tersebut dirancang dengan mempertimbangkan hasil dari pengujian parameter tablet ekstrak kunyit secara urut. Tablet ekstrak kunyit yang telah dicetak kemudian diuji menggunakan alat disintegration tester, dual friability tester dan hardness tester untuk menentukan waktu hancur, kerapuhan, kekerasan, keseragaman bobot dan keseragaman ukuran. Tablet ekstrak kunyit pada formulasi F3 dengan komposisi ekstrak kunyit (15 g), aerosol (35 g), laktosa (12,8 g), gelatin (0.5 g), magnesium stearate (1%) dan aquadest (200 ml) memenuhi persyaratan uji fisik standar tablet. Hasil replikasi (tiga kali) dari tablet tersebut diperoleh nilai bobot (0,616 ± 0,355 mg), diameter (1,334 ± 0,280 cm), tebal (0,518 ± 0,039), kerapuhan (0,065 ± 0,074 %), kekerasan (4,635 ± 0,234 kg) dan waktu hancur (9,918 ± 4,386). Tablet ekstrak kunyit dengan Formulasi F3 ini menunjukkan kualitas yang memenuhi standar uji fisik tablet.Kata kunci: Kurkumin, Demensia, Tablet Ekstrak Kunyit, Granulasi Basah
Perbandingan Pretreatment Kimia dan Biologi pada Limbah Makanan untuk Produksi Biogas Lukhi Mulia Shitophyta; Adi Permadi; Novia Rahmawati; Nisya Slivani Sembiring
JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) Vol 6, No 2: December 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Sukabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31544/jtera.v6.i2.2021.297-302

Abstract

Biogas merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk berbagai teknologi secara universal. Bahan baku biogas dapat menggunakan limbah makanan yang diproses dengan anaerobic digestion. Pretreatment dapat meningkatkan produksi biogas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pretreatment kimia asam dan biologi terhadap produksi biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pretreatment kimia asam menghasilkan yield biogas lebih tinggi dibandingkan pretreatment biologi. HCl 2% menghasilkan yield biogas tertinggi sebesar 58,2 mL/gVS. Pretreatment kimia asam berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi biogas (p < 0,05). EM-4 4% menghasilkan yield biogas tertingi sebesar 36,8 mL/gVS. Pretreatment biologi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi biogas (p > 0,05). Nilal pH berpengaruh terhadap produksi biogas. Konsentrasi HCl dan EM-4 tertinggi memiliki nilai pH awal dan pH akhir paling rendah.
EFFECT OF GELATIN AS A BINDER ON TURMERIC EXTRACT TABLET FORMULATION Adi Permadi; Iis Wahyuningsih; Sapto Yuliani; Ibdal Satar; Ratna Wijayatri
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Vol 8 No 2 (May-August 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v8i2.6399

Abstract

In line with the progress of the times in which all aspects of many products are made easy and comfortable for the wearer. The main components for tablet formulations are the fillers, binders, crushers, thinners and lubricants. Among these components, the binders play a key role on the powder cohesion properties during the formation of tablet granules. Due to the effect of gelatin on the tablet properties are positive significant, therefore, this work tries to evaluate the effect of gelatin in the different formulation on the turmeric extract tablets. In this study, turmeric extract tablets were formulated using 15 g of turmeric extract, 35 g of aerosil, 12.8 g of lactose, 1% magnesium stearate, 200 ml of aquadest and gelatin as a binder. To evaluate the effect of gelatin on the tablet formulation, the gelatin was then prepared in different formulation namely 0.1 g (formulation A), 0.2 g (formulation B) and 0.5 g (formulation C), respectivley. Based on the tablet properties, the turmeric tablet with formulation C met the standard requirements of friability less than 1%, the hardness in the range of 4 -8 kg and disintegration time under 15 minutes.
Pemanfaatan Spirulina Platensis sebagai Masker Gel Peel-Off Adi Permadi; Suhendra Suhendra; Mustofa Ahda; Syaeful Akbar Padya; Ananda Ranu Bachtiar; Aulia Nur Rahma; Elza Naura Syafitri; Vania Insani Syita Harmony; Yeni Triwidyastuti
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) Vol. 4 No. 6 (2022): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jpdk.v4i6.8536

Abstract

Spirulina merupakan mikroalga bersel tunggal yang hidup di air dan berkembang biak dengan membelah diri yang dikenal sebagai sumber nutrisi tanaman lengkap yang kaya akan asam amino esensial, vitamin, mineral dan karotenoid. Memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap beberapa mikroorganisme misalnya Propionibacterium acne, Streptococcus epidermidis, dan Staphylococcus aureus, tiga bakteri jerawat terkait. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi ekstrak etanolik spirulina menjadi masker gel peel-off dengan Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) dan Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose sebagai gelling agent. Ekstrak etanol spirulina 2% diformulasikan menjadi masker gel peel off dengan perbandingan PVA dan DMC yang bervariasi. Persentase PVA: DMC pada formula A adalah 2,25% : 1,25%, pada formula B 2,00% : 1,05%, pada formula C 1,50% : 1,15%. Pengujian stabilitas fisik dilakukan pada masing-masing formula meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, waktu kering, viskositas, uji dispersi, uji waktu kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula A (DMC 1, 25%: PVA 2, 25%) dan formula B (DMC 1.05%: PVA 2.00%) memenuhi semua syarat uji stabilitas fisik yaitu nilai pH 5,00, dispersi 10, 30 cm, nilai viskositas 557 CP, waktu kering 29 menit 21 detik untuk formulasi A, dan nilai pH 5,00, dispersi 11,20 cm, nilai viskositas 207 CP, waktu kering 32 menit 01 detik untuk formulasi B.
Hilirisasi Produk Sediaan Kapsul Spirulina Platensis Adi Permadi; Suhendra Suhendra; Mustofa Ahda; Syaeful Akbar Padya; Khalif Fathan Muzakki; Noor Syahdan Fitrianto; Yolanda Waldatul Marwa
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) Vol. 4 No. 6 (2022): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jpdk.v4i6.8537

Abstract

Indonesia berhadapan dengan masalah kesehatan khususnya pada prevalensi penyakit degeneratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi dampak radikal bebas yang memberi efek buruk pada kesehatan. Perlunya antioksidan dalam mengatasi permasalahan ini diatasi dengan pemanfaatan spirulina. Kandungan protein yang tinggi dan beragam kandungan yang bermanfaat mendorong pentingnya spirulina untuk dikonsumsi. Produk kapsul spirulina 100% telah diuji sesuai standar BPOM. Hasil analisis uji kapsul spirulina diketahui semua parameter uji telah memenuhi syarat sehingga kapsul spirulina layak untuk dikonsumsi. Kapsul spirulina menggunakan kapsul dari bahan gelatin yang telah memiliki lisensi halal MUI dan dikemas dengan botol HDPE yang telah diuji. Selain itu, produk kapsul spirulina juga dilengkapi dengan label agar memudahkan konsumen mendapatkan informasi kandungan dan manfaat dari produk spirulina.
HIDROGENASI MINYAK KEDELAI DENGAN VARIASI MASSA KATALIS PALLADIUM Adi Permadi; Totok Eka Suharto
Agroindustrial Technology Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): "Special issue Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi (SNST) 2022"
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/atj.v7i1.9450

Abstract

Soybean oil, also known as vegetable oil, consists of triglycerides such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. However, this soybean oil has low oxidative stability when stored at room temperature and used at high temperatures. Hydrogenation is carried out to obtain oxidation stability and will reduce double bonds including trans fatty acids. The use of palladium catalyst is the most potential in the hydrogenation process. This research was conducted in two conditions, experiment 1 and experiment 2. With temperature conditions of 75oC, pressure of 1 atm, using a reactor equipped with a stirrer at a speed of 450-520 rpm. In experiment 1, the palladium catalyst was not activated and hydrogen gas entered through the bottom of the reactor. In experiment 2, the palladium catalyst was activated with NaOH while hydrogen gas entered through the side of the reactor. Iodine number analysis method used is the Wijs method. The results of experiment 1, so that the value of the iodine number can be below 100 gr I2/gr of oil, while in the results of experiment 2, the value of the lowest iodine number is at a value of 110 gr I2/g of oil. The main influencing factors in our research a hydrogen gas turbulence, palladium catalyst activation and stirring.
PENGARUH PRETREATMENT BAHAN KIMA DAN BIOLOGI TERHADAP AKUMULASI VOLUME BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH MAKANAN Adi Permadi; Totok Eka Suharto
Agroindustrial Technology Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): "Special issue Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi (SNST) 2022"
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/atj.v7i1.9453

Abstract

In daily activities can produce garbage commonly called household waste. Food waste is included in household waste that has an impact on the environment. Household food waste has the potential to release methane gas into the environment causing damage to the earth's ozone layer because it includes greenhouse gases that can cause climate change. The increasing impact of food waste requires serious efforts to deal with the processing of household food waste. One of the efforts to overcome this is to mix household waste with cow dung to make biogas. In addition, it is also an effort to reduce fossil energy sources with renewable energy sources from biogas. This study aims to knowing the influence of chemical pretreatment (Ethanol, NaoH, and HCl) and Biology (EM-4 enzyme) at concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12% on the accumulation of biogas from food waste (rice and vegetables) produced for 30 days. While the pre-treatment results using chemicals (ethanol, HCl and NaOH) and biological materials (EM-4 enzymes) at concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12% provide a larger volume of biogas accumulation for 30 days, compared to raw materials. biogas that does not get pre-treatment. From this study, the pretreatment of biogas raw materials using 10% NaOH provided the highest accumulation of biogas volume (70 ml) in 30 days compared to other pretreatments.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN LILIN AROMATERAPI BERBASIS MINYAK JELANTAH DI DUSUN SIDOMOYO KRAGILAN GODEAN SLEMAN D.I. YOGYAKARTA Adi Permadi; Martomo Setyawan; Ibdal Ibdal; Novia Rahmawati; Nisya Silvani Sembiring
SEMINAR NASIONAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Seminar Nasional Penelitian dan Pengabdian 4 UM Metro tahun 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Minyak goreng sisa pemakaian kebutuhan rumah tangga yang telah dipakai berulang ulang atau biasa disebut minyak jelantah cenderung tidak banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dan dibuang sembarangan ke tanah ataupun aliran air sehingga membuat lingkungan menjadi tercemar. Potensi limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sangat besar karena menjadi limbah buangan usaha rumah makan cepat saji, catering, warung makan, hotel bahkan industri besar yang mengolah makanan yang di goreng. Salah satu upaya memanfaatkan minyak jelantah untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan adalah membuat menjadi lilin aromaterapi. Mengingat hal tersebut pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di Sidomoyo Kragilan Godean Sleman D.I.Yogyakarta dengan menggandeng mitra catering Ar-Ruz berupaya memberi penyuluhan pemanfaatan minyak jelantah sebagai bahan dasar membuat lilin aromaterapi melalui ceramah, diskusi interaktif dan workshop praktek langsung dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di masa pandemi Covid-19 dan di masa pemberlakukan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat (PPKM) oleh pemerintah. Harapan dari penyuluhan ini, masyarakat dapat meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap kesehatan dan kebersihan lingkungan serta dapat menambah nilai ekonomi warga masyarakat
Co-Authors Abdul Aziz Agung Kurniawan Ahmad Raditya Cahya Baswara Alfi Chasanah Ananda Ranu Bachtiar Andi Rifki Rosandy Aninda Cahaya Putri Annisa Desna Wulandari Annisa Luthfiana Munawaroh Anton Yudhana Anugrah, Nawang Arief Syamsuddin Arief Syamsuddin Arwini Arwini Aulia Nur Rahma Aziz , Abdul Baswara, Ahmad Raditya Cahya Daniar Rahmawati Denik Putri Wahyuni Denta Kesdik Pawenang Dinda Putri Dwi Yanti Doni Dimas Elza Naura Syafitri Fatma Nuraisyah, Fatma Fatwa Zufar , Ahmad Fatwa Zufar, Ahmad Firdaus, Stradivary Maulida Fitri Nur Khasanah Hakim, Muhammad Arif Lukman Haqi Miftah Fadilah Harminah Safitri Hasnaeni Hasnaeni Hendry Pangestu Ibdal Ibdal Ibdal Satar Ibdal Satar Ibdal Satar Ichsanul Fikri Umar Irawan Iis Wahyuningsih Iis Wahyuningsih Intan Tri Hapsari Iqbal Ramadhan Joko Pitoyo Kartika Tunggal Dewi Khalif Fathan Muzakki Laila Melati Nur Sholihah Lukhi Mulia Shitophyta Margaretha Herlin Pratiwi Martomo Setyawan Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi Maulida Firdaus , Stradivary Mikael Dia Wardana Mufti Khakim Mufti Khakim, Mufti Mustofa Ahda Nisya Silvani Sembiring Nisya Slivani Sembiring Noor Syahdan Fitrianto Novia Mariska Novia Rahmawati Nur Halimah Pratiwi Apridamayanti Purwanti Purwanti Ramadhan, Muhammad Kaisar Sutomo Ratih Hayuningtyas Ratna Wijayatri Renangga Yudianto Retnosyari Septiyani Rizky Adi Satria Salma Maulidya Prastiwi Sanda Rumaisha Sandhy Aulia Ma’arif Sapto Yuliani Sapto Yuliani Sapto Yuliani Satar, Ibdal Sella Angelina Azhar Setyanto, Barry Nur Sinaga, Alexander Maruli Tua Siti Nur Azizah Sofiana, Nurani Sofyan Hadi Stradivary Maulida Firdaus Suhendra Suhendra Sukma Latifatunnajib Suyitno, Suyitno Syaeful Akbar Padya Syamsuddin, Arief Totok Eka Suharto Totok Eka Suharto Trianik Widyaningrum Trianik Widyaningrum Ummy Rosyidah Vania Insani Syita Harmony Wahidah Mahanani Rahayu Wahyu Bintoro Sumardani Wahyu Dewi Hapsari Winarni Winarni Yeni Triwidyastuti Yolanda Waldatul Marwa Zahrotun Nafi’ Zalfadhia Luthfia Oemardy Zulfan Hanif Rahman