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Journal : International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach

THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF TA'AWUN IN MUSLIM ECONOMIC EXPERIENCE: A PHILOSOPHICAL STUDY OF COLLECTIVE ECONOMIC CONSCIOUSNESS Sugeng Riyadi
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach

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Abstract

This study investigates the phenomenon of ta'awun (mutual cooperation) within the context of Muslim economic experience through a phenomenological lens. Utilizing a philosophical approach, this research aims to uncover the essence and meaning of the collective economic consciousness underlying ta'awun practices. A qualitative research method, through comprehensive literature review and descriptive analysis, is employed to explore the manifestations of ta'awun, ranging from traditional barter systems to contemporary Islamic finance innovations such as Sharia fintech and crowdfunding. Findings indicate that ta'awun is not merely an economic transaction but an intersubjective experience that shapes a collective consciousness prioritizing solidarity, justice, and sustainability. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ethical and philosophical dimensions of Islamic economics, challenging individualistic economic paradigms, and offering a framework for developing more humane and equitable economic models. The collective economic consciousness emerging from ta'awun serves as a foundation for building resilient and prosperous communities.  
THE ROLE OF MAQASHIDUS SHARI'AH THEORY IN THE FORMATION OF ISLAMIC INSURANCE LEGAL FATWA Sugeng Riyadi
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Juni
Publisher : International Journal of Multidisciplinary Reseach

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Abstract

This study examines the pivotal role of Maqashidus Shari'ah theory in shaping legal fatwas (Islamic legal opinions) for Islamic insurance (takaful) products and practices. Through a comprehensive analysis of contemporary fatwa-making processes, this research investigates how the five fundamental objectives of Islamic law preservation of life (hifz al-nafs), intellect (hifz al-aql), lineage (hifz al-nasl), wealth (hifz al-mal), and religion (hifz al-din) serve as guiding principles in determining the Shari'ah compliance of insurance mechanisms. The study employs a qualitative methodology, analyzing fatwa documents from major Islamic jurisprudence councils and examining theoretical frameworks established by contemporary Islamic scholars. Findings reveal that Maqashidus Shari'ah theory provides a robust foundation for addressing modern financial challenges while maintaining Islamic ethical principles. The research demonstrates that fatwas on Islamic insurance consistently reference maqashid principles to justify risk-sharing mechanisms, mutual cooperation (ta'awun), and the elimination of prohibited elements such as gharar (excessive uncertainty), riba (usury), and maysir (gambling). This study contributes to the growing body of literature on Islamic finance jurisprudence and offers practical insights for Islamic financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and scholars engaged in contemporary ijtihad (independent reasoning).