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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Bios Logos EUGENIA Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan Pro Food Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI COCOS
Dantje Tarore
Pascasarjana Universitas Sam Ratulangi Program Studi Entomologi Minat Entomologi Kesehatan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Integrated DNA Barcoding and Morphometric Characterization of Palm Weevils (Rhynchophorus spp.) in North Sulawesi Balansa, Endrile Golmen; Salaki, Christina Leta; Tarore, Dantje; Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva; Kolondam, Beivy Jonathan; Tallei, Trina Ekawati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1260-1272

Abstract

Palm weevils (Rhynchophorus spp.) are significant pests of sago palms worldwide. Yet, the taxonomy and evolutionary lineage of these species in North Sulawesi remain unclear, likely due to geographic isolation driving genetic variation and species differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and morphological differentiation of Rhynchophorus across distinct geographic regions in North Sulawesi using an integrative approach combining DNA barcoding and morphometric analysis. Morphometric traits from palm weevil specimens collected in Sangihe Island, Minahasa, and Bolaang Mongondow were measured and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, MANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to assess interpopulation morphological differences. For molecular identification, the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using the maximum likelihood method, and a DNA barcode gap analysis was conducted to evaluate the separation between intra- and interspecific genetic distances. Morphometric analysis revealed significant size variations among the specimens, particularly in rostrum dimensions, with the EBBM (Bolaang Mongondow) group showing the highest values. COI-gene-based identification confirmed that all specimens were of R. vulneratus. However, phylogenetic analysis showed EBMin (Minahasa) and EBBM forming a distinct subgroup, while EBMan, EBSTS, EBTam, and EBSTU (all from Sangihe Island) clustered separately. Barcode gap analysis demonstrated a clear distinction between intra- and interspecific divergence, validating COI as a reliable marker for species delimitation. This study concludes that integrating morphometric and genetic analyses reveals geographic structuring within R. vulneratus, highlighting the effectiveness of combined methods for accurate identification and population differentiation.
Co-Authors Alfiando A. Sasauw Andrea Wangko Arter G. Umboh Balansa, Endrile Golmen BEIVY JONATHAN KOLONDAM Betsy A.N. Pinaria Chika C. Maarebia Christina Salaki Devita Gabai Emmy Senewe Fahrisal, Fahrisal Frangky J. Paat James B. Kaligis Jeane Krisen Jefri Sembiring Jenny E.A. Kandou Jimmy Rimbing Juliet M.E. Mamahit Juliet M.E. Mamahit Jusuf Manueke Jusuf Manueke Lebang, Midy San Lucia Cecilia Mandey Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva Marco M. Supit Mareyke Moningka Margareta M. Kawulusan Maxi Lengkong Mei Lani Bandu Moulwy Dien Natasia M. Dumais Nintang T. Umboh Oddi R Pinontoan Odi R. Pinontoan Pinaria, Betsy Reity A.G. Engka Robert W Tairas Ronny Nangoi Salaki, Christina Leta Salasa, Tirsa Selvia D. Sumual Tambelu, Merry Feiby Threis Umboh TRINA EKAWATI TALLEI Washliyah, Sitti