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Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Nerium oleander L. terhadap Populasi dan Intensitas Serangan Spodoptera exigua (Hubner.) dan Pengaruhnya pada Produksi Bawang Merah Burhanuddin Nasir; Moh. Hibban Toana; FNU Idham; Sri Anjar Lasmini
Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2021): MARET
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25047/agriprima.v5i1.404

Abstract

Penggunaan insektisida dalam pengendalian hama telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif terutama terjadinya kerusakan ekosistem pertanaman. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia sintetis adalah dengan memanfaatkan bahan tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati. Tumbuhan bunga mentega (Nerium oleander Linn.) memiliki potensi sebagai insektisida nabati karena mengandung zat oleandrin yang dapat bekerja sebagai racun perut dan penghambat daya makan larva. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun bunga mentega N. oleander pada pertanaman bawang merah verietas Lembah Palu Allium cepa var. aggregatum terhadap padat populasi dan intensitas serangan hama ulat bawang Spodoptera exigua dan hasil produksi bawang merah di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. di Desa Sidera, Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu K0: tanpa ekstrak, K1: ekstrak N. oleander 2,69 g/L, K2: ekstrak N. oleander 5,38 g/L, K3: ekstrak N. oleander 10,75 g/L, K4: ekstrak N. oleander 21,5 g/L, dan K5: ekstrak N. oleander 43,0 g/L. Variabel pengamatan meliputi padat populasi dan intensitas serangan ulat bawang S. exigua dan produksi bawang merah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis varians yang dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 43,0 g/L menekan populasi dan intensitas serangan larva S. exigua masing-masing sebesar 1,58 ekor menjadi 0,71 ekor dan 2,79% menjadi 0,71%. Produksi yang dicapai meningkat pada perlakuan K5 yakni dari 4,97 t/ha menjadi 8,67 t/ha.
DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI PEMBUATAN PESTISIDA BOTANI NERIUM OLEANDER LINN. UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA TANAMAN SAYURAN Burhanuddin Nasir; Moh. Hibban Toana; Usman Made; Sri Anjar Lasmini; Nur Hayati; Idham Idham; Moh. Syahrul Asdar; Idul Fuqra
Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) Vol 4 (2021): Peran Perguruan Tinggi dan Dunia Usaha dalam Mewujudkan Pemulihan dan Resiliensi Masya
Publisher : Asosiasi Sinergi Pengabdi dan Pemberdaya Indonesia (ASPPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.257 KB) | DOI: 10.37695/pkmcsr.v4i0.1129

Abstract

Desa Sidera termasuk salah satu daerah penghasil tanaman sayuran di Kabupaten Sigi yang turut mensuplai kebutuhan masyarakat perkotaan di Palu. Desa Sidera yang sebelumnya dikenal dengan Unit Permukiman Transmigrasi Sidera memiliki lahan 250 ha sebagai areal penanaman sayuran. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani di desa tersebut adalah adanya serangan hama dan penyakit sehingga produksi sering mengalami kegagalan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut program pengabdian desiminasi hasil penelitian menawarkan paket teknologi budidaya yang berorientasi pada peningkatan produktivitas antara lain dengan mengusahakan sarana dan prasarana produksi berbasis kearifan lokal. Program pengabdian diseminasi hasil penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan desiminasi, pembinaan dan pemberdayaan kepada masyarakat dalam mengembangkan ekstrak daun tumbuhan Nerium oleander sebagai pestisida botani/nabati. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai adalah meningkatkan kemampuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat dalam menyiapkan sarana pertanian melalui pembuatan dan pengembangan pestisida botani berbasis kearifan lokal. Metode yang diterapkan adalah: pelatihan, demonstrasi dan demplot teknologi, pendampingan serta pembinaan yang dilakukan secara partisipatif. Hasil pelaksanaan program menunjukkan bahwa peserta kegiatan dapat menerima teknologi tersebut dan mengembangkan di lahan usaha taninya
PENGARUH EKSTRAK AKAR TUBA Derris elliptica Benth. TERHADAP MORTALITAS Pomacea Canaliculata Lamarck. (MESOGASTROPODA: AMPULLARIIDAE) PADA PADI Oryza sativa L. Valentino Valentino; Burhanuddin Nasir; Moh. Hibban Toana
Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

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Abstract

            The purpose of this study was to determine the effective concentration of tuba Derris elliptica Bent. root extract against P. canaliculata mortality, intensity of rice damages and its effect on rice production. This research was carried out in November 2013 in irrigated paddy field of Astina Village, Torue District, Parigi Moutong Regency. This study used a randomized block design consisting of six treatments of tuba root extract concentrations i.e.  control, 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. The most effective results were shown by the tuba root extract at 10% concentration. It increased P. canaliculata mortality rate to 5.0 (2.34%), reduced the intensity of the rice tillers damages to only 3.67 (2.04%) and augmented the rice production to 5 tons/ha with an average difference between treatment was 0.2 tons/ha.  These results suggest that the root extract of Derris elliptica is highly potential to be developed as botanical pesticide. Keywords : Derris elliptica  Extracts, Oryza sativa L. and Pomacea. Canaliculata  Lamarck.
INDIGENOUS TRICHODERMA SPP. COLLECTED FROM SHALLOT FIELDS SUPPRESS FUSARIUM ROT DISEASE Mohammad Yunus; Nur Edy; Vinsensia Pato; Moh. Hibban Toana; Johanis Panggeso; Flora Pasaru; Asrul Asrul
AGROLAND: The Agricultural Sciences Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Tadulako University

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Abstract

Antagonist fungi have enormous potential to be a biological agent to control Fusarium basal rot (FBR) disease in shallot. This study aims to explore, isolated, and tested the antagonistic of Trichoderma sp. indigenous isolated from shallot fields against FBR disease. Exploration of isolates was carried out at the shallot planting center in Sigi Regency. The isolation characterization and inhibition tests were carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Pathology Tadulako University. The inhibition test was using two culture methods. The results showed that there were Trichoderma sp. obtained from shallot fields in the village of Sidera. In vitro test results showed Trichoderma sp., which was found to be able to inhibit the growth of the fungus F. oxysforum. The highest inhibition reached 69.18% within six days. As a comparison of inhibition of Trichoderma harzianum, a laboratory collection, within 6 days only reached 61.06%. Trichoderma sp. the origin of shallot fields was more effectively used as a biological agent in controlling FBR disease. 
MORFOLOGI DAN UKURAN LIANG GEREK LARVA PBK Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen (LEPIDOPTERA:GRACILLARIIDAE) PADA BUAH KAKAO Moh. Hibban Toana; Gatot Mudjiono; S. Karindah; Abdul Latief Abadi
Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 21, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (256.366 KB)

Abstract

 Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui morfologi dan liang gerek larva instar satu dan instar akhir PBK C. cramerella pada buah kakao di desa Rahmat kecamatan Palolo kabupaten Sigi provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Hasil penelitian rerata panjang liang gerek larva PBK C. cramerella  instar satu yang baru menetas masuk menggerek buah kakao 0,218±0,005mm, rerata lebar liang gerek larva PBK C. cramerella instar satu 0,148±0,004mm, rerata panjang liang gerek larva instar akhir keluar dari dalam buah kakao 1,481±0,017mm dan rerata lebar liang gerek larva instar akhir 1,239±0,030mm. Rerata panjang telur PBK C cramerella 0,480±0,027mm dan rerata lebar telur 0,288±0,014mm. Rerata panjang larva instar akhir PBK C. cramerella 9,725±0,174 mm, rerata panjang pupa PBK C. cramerella 7,828±0,107mm, rerata panjang imago PBK C. cramerella 6,690±0,125mm dan rerata lebar kapsul kepala larva PBK C. cramerella 0,935±0,040mm. Kata Kunci : C. cramerella, larva instrar akhir, larva instar satu.
STUDI BIOAKTIVITAS DAN ISOLASI SENYAWA BIOAKTIF TUMBUHAN Euphorbia tirucalli L. (EUPHORBIACEAE) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA BOTANI ALTERNATIF Moh. Hibban Toana; Burhanuddin Nasir
Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 17, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

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Abstract

The objective of this research were to identify the groups of secondary metabolites which act as bioactive in E. tirucalli plants, to isolate and determine those compounds, and to determine the bioactivity and toxicity of each purified compound. The research results showed that the extraction using ethanol solvent produced more extract yield of 6.6% (23.11 g)  compared  with acetone solvent (1.74% or equal to 6.08 g), while hexane solvent resulted in extract yield of 0.05% (1.74 g).  Isolation and purification of E. tirucalli leaf extract by ethanol solvent produced 5 metabolites compounds including alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and hydroquinone.  While the acetone solvent produced 6 metabolites compounds including alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid and hydroquinone. E. tirucalli leaf extracted by acetone solvent has highest toxicity, in which concentration of 2% was able to cause 50% mortality of P xylostella insects tested, compared with the ethanol solvent at a concentration of 3%.
Community Assistance in Preparing Local Resources-Based Organic Agricultural Production Facilities Dance Tangkesalu; Moh. Hibban Toana; Flora Pasaru; Burhanuddin Haji Nasir; Mohammad Yunus
Journal of Community Practice and Social Welfare Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Community Practice and Social Welfare
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ma Chung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33479/jacips.2022.2.2.11-22

Abstract

The decreased soil carrying capacity is due to reduced soil organic matter content, caused by disproportionally larger use of inorganic fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides in farming activities than organic fertilizers and environmentally friendly weeds, disease, and insect pests control materials. Reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides could be done by using production facilities of organic agriculture in the form of organic fertilizers and synthetic non-chemical pesticides on a larger scale, which base materials are available in nature. The problem faced by farmers in using these inputs is the lack of awareness and skills in producing organic inputs. This community service program with competitive schematics aims to assist the community in preparing local resource-based organic production inputs in Uwe Nuni Village, Palolo District. Specifically, to increase the awareness and skills of farmers in producing organic inputs based on local resources. The method used for counselling and training is Focus Group Discussion (FGD) approach, as well as practice and demonstration plots, which also provide technical guidance on making compost and botanical pesticides, and organic-based plant cultivation techniques. The results of the community service program show that the implementation of counselling and training increases the community’s awareness, skills, and attitudes by 38%, 56% and 54%, respectively. The compost made during the technology training was made from cow and goat manure, while the botanical insecticides were made from quickstick (Gliricidia sepium) plant leaves, papaya leaves, and soursop leaves. These plants are potential resources in Uwe Nuni Village, Palolo District.
Technology dissemination of Beauveria bassiana bioinsecticide and Trichoderma biofungicide for controlling pests and diseases on shallots Mohammad Yunus; Burhanuddin Haji Nasir; Nur Edy; Moh. Hibban Toana; Usman Made; Asgar Taiyeb
Community Empowerment Vol 7 No 10 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ce.7567

Abstract

Pest and disease attacks are one of the obstacles in increasing shallot production in the Palu Valley, Central Sulawesi. Farmers still rely on the use of synthetic pesticides to control pests and diseases, which results in a high demand for insecticides and fungicides. This community service aims to disseminate pest control technology with the bioinsecticide Beauveria bassiana and disease control with the biofungicide Trichoderma, as well as train farmers to develop and apply it on their farms to solved the problems. The methods applied are training, technology application demonstration plots, coaching, and mentoring. The results of the activity showed that the participants were able to make and develop the bioinsecticide Beauveria bassiana and the biofungicide Trichoderma well. The application of bioinsecticides and biofungicides on demonstration plots reduced the intensity of onion caterpillar attacks and stem rot disease of shallots. With these results, farmers are expected to be able to develop and apply them in their farms.
EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA BOTANI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN ULAT GRAYAK JAGUNG SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA J. E. SMITH Burhanuddin Haji Nasir; Nur Khasanah; Idham Idham; Mohammad Yunus; Moh. Hibban Toana; Usman Made
Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) Vol 5 (2022): PERAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DAN DUNIA USAHA DALAM AKSELERASI PEMULIHAN DAMPAK PANDEMI
Publisher : Asosiasi Sinergi Pengabdi dan Pemberdaya Indonesia (ASPPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37695/pkmcsr.v5i0.1522

Abstract

Maize is an important commodity after rice that gets priority in increasing food security in Indonesia. The emergence of Invasive Spodoptera frugiperda pests in Indonesia is a threat to the sustainability of maize production in Central Sulawesi. The use of synthetic insecticides to control these pests has various negative impacts. To reduce the negative impact, botanical insecticides can be used. The problem in the use of botanical insecticides is that farmers do not know the effective plant extract control S. Fugiperda. The community service program aims to accompany farmers to develop the extract of Calotropic gigantea, Vitex negundo, and Ageratum conyzoides. Implementation method with the participatory action program approach with stages: counseling and training, technology design, extract application demonstration, observation of S. frugiperda attack intensity, and community assistance. The results show that farmers can make and apply plant extracts C. gigantea, V. negundo and A. conyzoides. The three types of plant extracts can suppress the intensity of S. frugiperda attacks. Extract C. gigantea suppresses S. fugiperda attacks (6.71% to 4.04% on 35 HST, and 3.35% to 1.7% on 42 HST), Extract V. negundo (6.71% to 4, 62% and 3.35% to 2.43%) and extract A. conyzoides (6.71% to 4.99% and 3.35% to 2.43%). Thus, the three types of plant extracts have the potential as effective botanical pesticides to control S. frugiperda
DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI BIOCHAR DAN BIOURIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA DUKUNG LAHAN MARGINAL DI KABUPATEN SIGI Sri Anjar Lasmini; Nur Hayati; Dance Tangkesalu; Moh. Hibban Toana; Burhanuddin Haji Nasir; Asgar Taiyeb
Jurnal Sinergitas PKM & CSR Vol 7, No 3 (2023): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jspc.v7i3.7777

Abstract

Kelompok tani “Sinar Bahari” di Desa Potoya Kecamatan Dolo sebagai mitra dalam Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini,  beranggotakan  20 orang umumnya adalah petani lahan kering.  Masalah yang dihadapi oleh mitra  adalah kondisi fisik lahan  kering yang kurang subur sehingga produktivitas lahan sangat rendah. Solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengembangkan teknologi usahatani yang sesuai dengan kondisi setempat.  Teknologi yang ditawarkan adalah penggunaan biochar sebagai pembenah tanah dan penggunaan biourin sebagai pupuk organik guna mendukung peningkatan produksi pertanian. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan pentingnya penggunaan  biochar sebagai bahan pembenah tanah  terutama pada lahan marginal  dan biourin sebagai pupuk organik. Selain itu juga mendampingi kelompok tani mitra membuat dan mengaplikasikan biochar dan biourin di lahan usaha taninya. Metode yang diterapkan adalah pelatihan, demplot percontohan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat.  Hasil yang dicapai adalah masyarakat mengetahui manfaat biochar dan biourin serta trampil dalam mengembangkan dan mengaplikasikan kedua sarana produksi tersebut ke lahan usaha taninya sehingga  lahan marginal dapat difungsikan  secara optimal