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All Journal Jurnal Natur Indonesia agriTECH Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Abdimas Galuh: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering
Thamrin Usman
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Ahmad Yani Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat 79124
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing

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Transepidermal Water Loss Value Comparison Between Tengkawang and Durian Seed Oil Lotion Febriaty, Irma Ramadhani; Usman, Thamrin; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (860.444 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.18.1.20-30

Abstract

Body epidermis has an important health function to prevent body dehydration. This research aims to compare Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) values between durian seed oil and tengkawang oil. Skin that had been applied with tengkawang oil and durian seed oil lotion were tested for irritation and TEWL values. The tengkawang oil had an acid number of 17 g/mol and contained  8.54 % free fatty acid, while the durian seed oil had an acid number of 6.34 g/mol and contained 2.89 % free fatty acid.  Irritation testing was done using lotion containing 100 % of each oil. TEWL analysis on skin applied with the tengkawang oil lotion after 1 hour showed that the lotion could reduce epidermal water evaporation by 35.23 % compared to the skin condition before treatment.  Epidermal water evaporation reduction at the second, third and fourth hours after the tengkawang oil lotion application was 31.33 %, 33.93 % and 27.9 %, respectively. TEWL analysis on skin applied with the durian seed oil lotion after 1 hour showed that the lotion could reduce epidermal water evaporation by 11.34 % compared to the skin condition before treatment.  Epidermal water evaporation was reduced 14.64 %, 10.53 % and 2.99 % at the second, third and fourth hours after application of the durian seed oil. Based on these results, it can be concluded that tengkawang oil gives better TEWL values compared to durian seed oil.
Reducing Free Fatty Acids in Crude Palm Oil Using Diethylene Glycol and Zinc(II) Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Suriyanti, Lieli; Usman, Thamrin; Rahmalia, Winda
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.85980

Abstract

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) were prepared by precise combinations of mol fractions of chemical compounds, resulting in a lowered melting point due to hydrogen bonding. This research aimed to elucidate the physicochemical attributes of DES and its effectiveness in mitigating free fatty acid (FFA) levels in crude palm oil (CPO). Zinc(II) chloride (ZnCl2) served as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) while diethylene glycol (DEG) as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD). Characterization included freezing point, density, viscosity, conductivity, and pH determination. At a ZnCl2 mol fraction of 0.30, the resulting DES exhibited homogeneity with transparent liquid properties, featuring a freezing point below −10 °C, density of 1.42 g/mL, viscosity of 1933.40 cP, conductivity of 66.13 µS/cm, and pH 3.42. FTIR spectra confirmed hydrogen bond interactions between HBA and HBD. Applied to CPO at a 1:1 volumetric ratio (DES:CPO), with 2 h of stirring time at 50 °C, FFA content decreased from 4.11 to 0.86%. This research highlights DES as an environmentally sustainable purification agent, significantly reducing FFA levels in unrefined palm oil.
Studi Komparasi Penggunaan TiO2 Anatase dan P25 sebagai Anoda untuk Sel Surya Tersensitasi Bixin Septiani, Septiani; Naselia, Uray Amira; H. Silalahi, Imelda; Usman, Thamrin; Rahmalia, Winda
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v6i1.821

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan kinerja sel surya yang menggunakan TiO2- anatase dan TiO2-P25 sebagai anoda. Bixin digunakan sebagai sensitizer. Bixin diekstraksi dan diisolasi dari biji kesumba. Bixin dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan FTIR. Hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan adanya 3 puncak karakteristik bixin pada 488, 459, 430 nm. Spektra FTIR bixin ditandai dengan adanya serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3183 cm-1 mengindikasikan vibrasi renggang -OH yang berasal dari gugus karboksilat; pada 2955, 2924, dan 2852 cm-1 vibrasi renggang H-C-H; pada 1716 cm-1 vibrasi renggang C=O; pada 1608 cm-1 vibrasi tekuk O-H; pada 1563 dan 1518 cm-1 vibrasi renggang C=C (alkena); pada 1379 cm-1 vibrasi tekuk C-H; pada 1255 cm-1 vibrasi renggang C-O; pada 1161 cm-1 vibrasi simetri dan asimetri C-O-C (kelompok ester); serta pada 1012 cm-1 vibrasi renggang C-H. Kinerja sel surya yang menggunakan TiO2-antase menunjukkan efisiensi konversi energi maksimum yang lebih tinggi (0,027%) jika dibandingkan dengan TiO2-P25 (0,006%) di bawah intensitas cahaya 100 W/m2.
Synthesis of Biodiesel in Low-Grade Palm Oil using Geopolymer-ZnO Catalyst Nabila, Yaasinta Lafasha; usman, Thamrin; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil
agriTECH Vol 44, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.80468

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) from low-grade palm oil using geopolymer-ZnO catalyst. The activity of catalyst was tested by mixing low-grade palm oil and methanol in a mole ratio of 1:10, with varying catalyst concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% at a temperature of 67 o C and different time intervals. Subsequently, the progression of the reaction was monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results showed that catalyst ratios of 1:0, 1:1, and 1:2 provided complete conversion at concentrations of 3% and 5%. Geopolymer-ZnO catalyst reuse test was carried out using a concentration of 5%, followed by washing with n-hexane. After drying at 100 o C, the sample was reused in biodiesel synthesis. The reuse test findings showed optimum results at 1:2 variation and 2 hours of reaction time with total methyl ester conversion. In addition, the majority of the experiments performed were carried out using a 1:1 variation with a maximum of 3 repetitions, which consistently showed total conversion to methyl ester. Catalyst used was then characterized using FTIR, XRD, and XRF instruments, with the analysis results confirming that it was geopolymer-ZnO. Methyl ester obtained was analyzed using GC-MS, and the findings showed that the main compositions included methyl oleate (47.35%) and methyl palmitate (40.13%).
Pelatihan Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Bagi Kelompok Sadar Wisata Teluk Majantu Kelurahan Sedau Singkawang Selatan Sapar, Ajuk; Zaharah, Titin Anita; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil; Shofiyani, Anis; Gusrizal, Gusrizal; Sayekti, Endah; Rudiyansyah, Rudiyansyah; Usman, Thamrin; Widiyantoro, Ari; Nofiani, Risa; Wibowo, M. Agus
Abdimas Galuh Vol 7, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/ag.v7i2.21033

Abstract

Kelurahan Sedau terletak di wilayah Selatan Kota Singkawang Kalimantan Barat. Daerah Teluk Majantu sebagai lokasi kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Maysarakat (PKM) berada di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Sedau. Mata pencaharian utama warganya adalah nelayan namun banyaknya pohon kelapa yang tumbuh di pesisir Teluk Majandi menjadi pontesi sumber daa alam yang dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakatnya. Masyarakat Teluk Majantu sebagian besar bergabung pada Kelompok sadar Wisata (POKDARWIS) yang aktivitasnya tidak hanya tentang pengelolaan wisata tetapi juga pengolahan sumber daya alam menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomi. Kegiatan PKM diawali dengan orientasi lapangan tim pengabdi ke lokasi kegiatan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah mitra, kesepakatan teknologi yang akan diimplementasikan serta penjadwalan PKM. Sehubungan dengan kegiatan PKM yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya, maka warga kelompok sadar wisata menginginkan ada kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Oleh karena itu Tim Pascasarjana Kimia FMIPA Untan berinisiatif melakukan kegiatan PKM di lokasi tersebut. PKM dilaksanakan melalui penyampaian materi oleh tim pengabdi dilanjutkan dengan praktek pembuatan VCO. Setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan selesai, dilanjutkan dengan tahapan evaluasi secara kuantitatif dengan menganalisis hasil kuisioner sebelum dan setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan. Berdasarkan respon positif dari warga yang diamati dari antusisme peserta saat pelaksanaan kegiatan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan ini memiliki dampak positif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peserta pelatihan.
Determination of Optimum Conditions for Biodiesel Synthesis from Bulk Palm Oil Using Red Mud-CaO Catalyst Nurdianty, Sri; Usman, Thamrin; Rahmalia, Winda
agriTECH Vol 45, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.79978

Abstract

The synthesis of biodiesel from bulk palm oil using methanol and a heterogeneous catalyst, red mud-CaO, has been carried out. This research aimed to investigate the effect of the ratio of red mud-CaO, percent catalyst, and reaction time on the conversion of methyl ester. Red mud and CaO catalysts were obtained from calcining red mud and clay bath CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) waste at 200°C and 900 o C for 5 and 4 hours, respectively. Biodiesel synthesis was carried out by adding bulk palm oil:methanol (1:10 v/v) and red mud-CaO heated for 1, 2, and 3 hours at 65 o C. In addition, the reaction was followed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Optimum reaction conditions were obtained at the ratio of red mud-CaO (1:1 w/w), catalyst 5%, and time of 2 hours indicated by the total formation of methyl ester on TLC plate. Meanwhile, red mudCaO (1:1 w/w) catalyst was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to determine the crystal structure and element composition. The analysis was carried out using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) to determine the functional groups of catalyst. XRD characterization results showed that there were 4 highest peaks, namely 29.29° (CaCO3 ), 33.99° and 17.93° (Ca(OH)2 ), and 11.59° (aluminum silicate mineral). The 4 highest elemental contents were Ca, Fe, Al, and Si. FTIR characterization showed the peak wavenumbers 3641.60 cm -1 (Ca(OH)2 ),1423.47 cm -1 (O-C-O bond of carbonate), 981.77 cm -1 and 986.69 cm -1 (Si-O), 875.68 cm -1 and 713.66 cm -1 (Ca-O), 366.48 cm -1 (Al-O), and 426.27 cm -1 (Fe-O). According to GC-MS analysis, the most formed methyl ester compositions were methyl oleate (47.35%) and methyl palmitate (40.13%).
Pelatihan Pembuatan Tas Berbahan Dasar Sampah Plastik Sebagai Upaya Penerapan 3R pada Kelompok Sadar Wisata Teluk Majantu, Kelurahan Sedau, Singkawang Zahara, Titin Anita; Shofiyani, Anis; Sayekti, Endah; Gusrizal, Gusrizal; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil; Sapar, Ajuk; Rudiyansyah, Rudiyansyah; Wibowo, Muhamad Agus; Usman, Thamrin; Wahyuni, Nelly; Nofiani, Risa; Widiyantoro, Ari; Rahmalia, Winda; Rahayu, Warsi Kurnia
Abdimas Galuh Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Maret 2024
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/ag.v6i1.12701

Abstract

Kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan tas goodie bags pada Kelompok Sadar Wisata (POKDARWIS) di Desa Teluk Makjantu bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada POKDARWIS untuk menjaga lingkungan dengan melakukan pengelolaan sampah 3R. Sampah pelastik dipilih karena pemakaian kantong pelastik yang sudah menjadi barang yang tidak terpisahkan dari kehidupan manusia serta memiliki sifat yang sulit terdegradasi (nonbiodegradable) di lingkungan. Goodie bags berbahan dasar limbah pelastik diharapkan dapat menjadi wadah penyimpanan souvenir bagi POKDARWIS Desa Makjantu dalam melayani wisatawan. Pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan menyajikan teori dan praktek pembuatan goodie bags secara langsung, diharapkan masyarakat POKDARWIS dapat melakukan pengelolaan sampah dengan konsep 3R dan dapat membuat goodie bags dari limbah pelastik sebagai upaya pelestarian dan pengelolaan lingkungan. Pelatihan ini juga memberikan dampak terhadap keterampilan peserta dalam mengelola limbah pelastik menjadi barang yang dapat dimanfaatkan. Dengan demikian, program mengelolaan sampah dengan metode 3R dapat diterapkan. Melihat kondisi dan antusias peserta dapat dikatakan bahwa kegiatan ini sangat memberikan dampak positif bagi masyarakat Desa Teluk Majantu untuk  mendukung kegiatan pariwisata dalam hal pengelolaan sampah pelastik dengan tingkat kebermanfaatan dan keberlangsungannya sebesar 90%
Co-Authors Ajuk Sapar Andi Hairil Alimuddin Anis Shofiyani Ari Widiyantoro Endah Sayekti Gusrizal Gusrizal Heni Pujiastuti Imelda Hotmarisi Silalahi Irma Ramadhani Febriaty Nabila, Yaasinta Lafasha Naselia, Uray Amira Nelly Wahyuni Nurdianty, Sri Rahayu, Warsi Kurnia Risa Nofiani Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah Suriyanti, Lieli Titin Anita Zahara, Titin Anita Wibowo, M. Agus Wibowo, Muhamad Agus Winda Rahmalia Zaharah, Titin Anita