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All Journal Jurnal Natur Indonesia agriTECH Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Abdimas Galuh : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering
Thamrin Usman
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Ahmad Yani Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat 79124
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing

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Journal : agriTECH

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Synthesis of Biodiesel in Low-Grade Palm Oil using Geopolymer-ZnO Catalyst Nabila, Yaasinta Lafasha; usman, Thamrin; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil
agriTECH Vol 44, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.80468

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) from low-grade palm oil using geopolymer-ZnO catalyst. The activity of catalyst was tested by mixing low-grade palm oil and methanol in a mole ratio of 1:10, with varying catalyst concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% at a temperature of 67 o C and different time intervals. Subsequently, the progression of the reaction was monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results showed that catalyst ratios of 1:0, 1:1, and 1:2 provided complete conversion at concentrations of 3% and 5%. Geopolymer-ZnO catalyst reuse test was carried out using a concentration of 5%, followed by washing with n-hexane. After drying at 100 o C, the sample was reused in biodiesel synthesis. The reuse test findings showed optimum results at 1:2 variation and 2 hours of reaction time with total methyl ester conversion. In addition, the majority of the experiments performed were carried out using a 1:1 variation with a maximum of 3 repetitions, which consistently showed total conversion to methyl ester. Catalyst used was then characterized using FTIR, XRD, and XRF instruments, with the analysis results confirming that it was geopolymer-ZnO. Methyl ester obtained was analyzed using GC-MS, and the findings showed that the main compositions included methyl oleate (47.35%) and methyl palmitate (40.13%).
Co-Authors Ajuk Sapar Andi Hairil Alimuddin Anis Shofiyani Ari Widiyantoro Endah Sayekti Gusrizal Gusrizal Heni Pujiastuti Imelda Hotmarisi Silalahi Irma Ramadhani Febriaty Nabila, Yaasinta Lafasha Naselia, Uray Amira Risa Nofiani Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah Suriyanti, Lieli Wibowo, M. Agus Winda Rahmalia Zaharah, Titin Anita