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Journal : Journal of Applied Materials and Technology

Response surface methodology for glucose conversion by applying deep eutectic solvent (DES) as green solvent Romaito, Rizki Falah; Wulandari, Dini; Utami, Syelvia Putri; Aziz, Yelmida
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Riau and Applied Materials and Technology Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.6.1.14-20

Abstract

Glucose is a monosaccharide-type carbohydrate that serves as a fundamental building block of biomass. In this research, glucose was hydrolyzed using a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as the solvent and AlCl3  as the catalyst. The effects of temperature and catalyst concentration were investigated as key variables in the reaction. The glucose conversion results were tested using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The yields of glucose conversion were analyzed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Design Expert Version 13 software. The results of RSM analysis show that glucose conversion increases linearly with rising reaction temperature. The effect of catalyst concentration indicates that glucose conversion decreases at higher catalyst levels. The reaction temperature and AlCl3 catalyst concentration that can be recommended for optimum conditions from the Design Expert data processing results are 112.869 C and 1.913% with a predicted conversion value of 93.844%.
From waste to value: Lapachol from teak wood waste as a green catalyst for sustainable soda cooking of Acacia and Eucalyptus Sari, Esty Octiana; Utami, Syelvia Putri; -, Evelyn; Nakagawa-Izumi, Akiko; Ohi, Hiroshi
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Riau and Applied Materials and Technology Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.7.1.22-30

Abstract

The development of a sustainable catalyst as an alternative to synthetic anthraquinone (AQ) is urgently needed for a more efficient pulping process. This study investigates the potency of lapachol, a natural naphthoquinone isolated from teak (Tectona grandis) wood waste, as a catalyst in soda cooking of three industrially important hardwoods: Acacia crassicarpa, Eucalyptus pellita, and Eucalyptus globulus. Approximately 97.7% purity of lapachol was isolated and applied at 0.09% (on oven-dry wood). For comparison, the commercial synthetic additive, 2-Methylanthraquinone (2-MAQ) was also used at the same dosage.  Cooking experiments were conducted at 160°C under varying alkali dosages (23, 27, 31%) and times (4, 5, 6 h). The result revealed that the delignification performance was species-dependent: A. crassicarpa (S/V=0.74) was the hardest, while E. globulus (S/V=3.04) was the easiest to delignify. Notably, E. pellita (S/V=2.04) shows the greatest selectivity index. Lapachol shows the capability of enhancing delignification across the three wood species by decreasing the residual lignin by up to 5% in A. crassicarpa, 5% in E. Pellita, and 2% in E. globulus compared with soda cooking (control). Although the delignification is slightly lower than 2-MAQ, lapachol maintains pulp yields comparable to or higher than 2-MAQ. The selectivity index analysis confirmed that lapachol improved the balance between lignin removal and carbohydrate preservation, with the benefits most pronounced in E. globulus. These findings underscore lapachol as a promising sustainable pulping catalyst, offering the potential for impactful industry transformation through sustainable innovation.